Inchera
Townland in the civil parish of Little Island, barony of Barrymore, Co. Cork; in Irish Inis Iarthach
- Area
- 27.4 ha
- 68 acres
- Land parcels
- 9
- registered freehold, median 5,587 m² (0.56 ha, 1.38 acres)
- Zoning
- C6
- Existing Mixed/General Business/Industrial Uses
- Planning
- 33
- applications since 2010
Land parcels
Registered freehold land, Tailte Éireann
9 registered freehold parcels lie mostly in Inchera, from 23 m² to 184,690 m² (18.47 ha, 45.64 acres). The dashed line is the townland's boundary; 7 neighbouring parcels touch it.
Download the townland: DXF, in Irish Transverse Mercator metres, with its boundary, parcels and buildings; GeoJSON or KML.
Zoning
Development plans, national zoning
- C6Existing Mixed/General Business/Industrial Uses (Mixed/general commercial/industrial/enterprise uses)
Cork County Development Plan 2022, Cork · 11 parcels The zoning objective in the plan - C2.2Industry (General industry)
Cork County Development Plan 2022, Cork · 2 parcels The zoning objective in the plan
Source: Tailte Éireann and the Department of Housing (MyPlan), national zoning, CC BY 4.0.
Planning applications
Sites that touch the townland, newest first
3 Oct 2025Grant with conditions
The development will consist of permission to amend Condition No. 23 of Cork County Council Planning Register No. 25/05034 to allow construction to extend by one additional hour in the evenings, Monday to Friday, and by one additional hour in both the morning and afternoon on Saturdays. Site development and building works shall only be carried out between the hours of 08:00 to 19:00 Mondays to Fridays inclusive, between 08:00 to 14:00 on Saturdays and not at all on Sundays and Public Holidays. Deviation from these times shall only be allowed in exceptional circumstances where prior written approval has been received from the Planning Authority. Reason: In order to safeguard the amenities of adjoining landuses. The application relates to development which comprises or is for the purpose of an activity requiring an Industrial Emissions Directive Licence issued by the Environmental Protection Agency, Reg. No. P1018-01.
Permission · Cork County Council, 25/6096
4 Sept 2025Awaiting validation sro
Permission to amend Condition No.23 of Cork County Council Planning Register No. 25/05034 to allow construction to extend by one additional hour in the evenings, Monday to Friday, and by one additional hours in both the morning and afternoon on Saturdays. "Site development and building works shall only be carried out between the hours of 08:00 to 19:00 Mondays to Fridays inclusive, between 08:00 to 14:00 on Saturdays and not at all on Sundays and Public Holidays. Deviation from these times shall only be allowed in exceptional circumstances where prior written approval has been received from the Planning Authority. Reason: In order to safeguard the amenities of adjoining landuses." The application relates to development which comprises or is for the purpose of an activity requiring an Industrial Emissions Directive Licence issued by the Environmental Protection Agency, Reg. No. P1018-01. The Development is covered by the provisions of Renewable Energy Directive III (Directive (EU) 2023/2413).
Permission · Cork County Council, 25/5792
3 Jun 2025Conditional permission
Permission for the proposed development will consist of the completion of the Renewable Biogas Plant as permitted by extant planning permission ref. 15/4926, extended by ref 20/5549 and amended by ref 23/5586. All demolition, site clearance, earthworks and formation for foundations will be complete under the current permission. The proposed plant will generate renewable biogas from 90,000 tonnes of non-hazardous biodegradable waste (‘Brown bin’ domestic and commercial waste) per annum utilising anaerobic digestion (AD) technology. It is proposed to upgrade the biogas to biomethane and inject it into the adjacent gas grid to replace fossil fuel derived natural gas. Other products from the process include digestate (a nutrient rich biofertilizer) as well as biogenic (natural) carbon dioxide. The proposed development will consist of the construction of: 1) main process building (c.3,762m2 gross floor area (GFA), max 14.5m high) incorporating feedstock reception and processing area, digestate treatment areas, dewatering and storage areas, quarantine areas, an odour control system and associated 25m high stack with signage on the south elevation. 2)Tank farm (c. 3,183m3 footprint, 4m high bund wall) encompassing a total of 6 tanks including four digestor tanks (20.15m max. height, c.3,400m3 capacity) a digestate storage tank (20.15m max. height, c.3,400m3 capacity), a suspension buffer tank ( 10.5m max.height, c.700m3 capacity (, an containerised desulphurisation plant and associated 2 tanks (14m max height, c120m3 capacity), 2 no. enclosed pump rooms (room no.1 -53.58m2 GFA and room no.2 – 23.69m2 GFA), and enclosed feedstock pump room (53.58m2 GFA and 3.6m high), 3 sediment settlement tanks (c.5.84(L), c.2.23m (W) & c.3.78(H) on a raised platform at 6m above ground level, stairwells, pumps, gantry walkways, 2 bund access stairs and tank emergency access ladders; 3) A biogas upgrade plant and gas entry unit; 1 no. containerised Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 1.5MW unit with an associated 28m high stack, a carbon dioxide liquefaction plant, a biogas holder (10.56 max. height, c.2,000m3) with 4 no. c.13.12m high lightning rods, a 9.26m gas flare, a containerised boiler with 10m stack, a transformer station, a propane storage tank, an emergency generator, 2 no. weighbridges, weighbridge office (c.17.2m2 GFA and 4.55m high), a fire water tank (c.1,000m3 and 14.12m high), a bunded vehicle refuelling area with a fuel storage tank (2.5m3) and a wheel wash, 4) Administration building (c.393.25m2 GFA) and a workshop (c.70m2 GFA), 5) 31 car parking spaces (including 2 electric vehicle charging points and a universal parking space), 2 motorcycle parking spaces and a covered bicycle rack; 6) Boundary treatment including 2.4m high perimeter fencing (mix of mesh wire fencing and acoustic fencing), access gates on the south western and north eastern boundaries; and 7) all ancillary site development works and services including landscaping, lighting, 2 no. directional signs, service yard area and internal circulation routes, pipe bridge, footpath and all site drainage works. The application relates to development which comprises or is for the purpose of an activity requiring an Industrial Emissions Directive Licence issued by the Environmental Protection Agency, reg. no. P1018-01. An Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIAR) and a Natura Impact Statement (NIS) have been prepared and will be submitted to the planning authority with the application.
Permission · Cork County Council, 25/5034
13 Mar 2025Conditional permission
A 7-year planning permission is sought by Lidl Ireland GmbH for the construction of a Regional Distribution Centre (RDC) and all ancillary site development works at an approx. 23-hectare site ‘E-Park’ the former Mitsui Denman Site. The proposed development includes: 1) The construction of the main warehouse and distribution building of approx. 59,710 sqm, which includes predominantly warehouse area (54,260sqm) and ancillary spaces including administrative/office spaces, recycling area and plant rooms. The RDC building has an approximate maximum height of 22.25m. 2) The construction of other external ancillary structures including an electrical substation, drivers WC/lounge, gate house, bike/smoking shelter, sprinkler pump house and 2 no. sprinkler tanks (approximate maximum height of the tanks is 11.4m). 3) The provision of vehicular access to the site via a new access road to connect to the southern arm of the existing roundabout on the R623 and will include the realignment of and tying into existing road/paths on the public road, new entrance walls, signage, landscaping, proposed footpaths and cycle lanes, as well as a new 4-arm 40m ICD roundabout. Access from the roadway and roundabout is also provided to serve future developments on adjacent lands outside the scope of this application. This roadway is currently subject to a live planning application (Cork County Council P.A. ref. 24/6319). 4) The establishment of an internal access roadway, designated pedestrian foot/cycle paths and pedestrian crossings, HGV and staff/visitor parking areas, hardstanding building apron including a total of 139 no. dock levellers located along the north-west, south-west and south-east RDC building elevations. 5) All other ancillary site development works to include the undergrounding and rerouting of existing ESB 38kV and 10kV electricity powerlines, the provision of site fencing, a new controlled gated pedestrian access for staff use onto the existing walkway that runs along the southeastern boundary of the site, new gated maintenance entrance along the southern boundary with the existing walkway, the provision of rooftop PV solar panels of c.24,000 sqm in area on the main warehouse building, site and building signage, lighting, site drainage, and all associated hard and soft landscaping including staff amenity space, boundary treatments, planting and landscaping works. An Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIAR) and a Natura Impact Statement (NIS) have been prepared and will be submitted to the planning authority with the application.
Permission · Cork County Council, 25/4434
6 Dec 2024Conditional permission
Permission for a new access road and all ancillary development at ‘E-park’ the former Mitsui Denman site, (1) a new access road with a 7.5m wide 2-lane carriageway, and a 1.5m wide verge, 2m wide footpath, 2m wide cycle track and 2m landscaped strip to either side of the carriageway, to connect to the existing southern arm of the existing roundabout on the R623, with kerb realignment at the existing roundabout to facilitate HGV swept paths, (2) new entrance walls, signage, and piers, with associated landscaping, to either side of the new access road, (3) proposed shared pedestrian and cycle area to either side of the new access road to tie into the existing pedestrian and cycle lanes on the R623, (4) new totem sign (6m in height) on a concrete pad, with 1.9m logo and 3.3m high wall pillars, (5) proposed 7.3m wide access to future development lands to the west, (6) proposed 7.3m wide access to future development lands to the east, (7) proposed 4-arm 40m ICD roundabout with shared pedestrian and cycle routes. 3no. arms of the proposed roundabout will serve future developments, including a proposed warehouse/distribution centre development to be located to the south of the proposed development site, which is subject to a separate planning application, and (8) all site development, public lighting, drainage and landscaping works
Permission · Cork County Council, 24/6319
9 Jul 2024Withdrawn
Permission for erection of a 6m high free standing support structure to display a 3m high x 10m wide signage to be made visible to road users along the Wallingstown N25 link road and erection of 4m high x 10m wide fixed signage to the gable end (west side) of the BASF in-take building, to be made visible to road users along the R623. The proposed works are within close proximaity of Cork Harbour SPA (004030). IPC Licence P0052-02
Permission · Cork County Council, 24/5288
24 May 2024Incompleted application
Permission for erection of a 6m high free standing support structure to display a 3m high x 10m wide signage to be made visible to road users along the new Wallingstown N25 link road and erection of a 4m high x 10m wide fixed signage to the gable end (west side) of the BASF In-take building, to be made visible to road users along the R623. The proposed works are within close proximity of Cork Harbor SPA (004030). IPC licence P0052-02.
Permission · Cork County Council, 24/4936
14 Feb 2024Unconditional
The removal of an existing steel frame and the construction of an unmanned fuel service station solely for the use of trucks consisting of 1) 1 no. diesel island dispensing diesel on each side; 2) the re-use of 2 no. existing above ground tanks for diesel storage; and 3) all associated ancillary development works including vehicular access, landscaping, drainage, plant and services area. Extension of Duration to Permission granted under Planning Ref. No. 18/6138
Extension of duration · Cork County Council, 24/4238
3 Aug 2023Conditional
Permission for an amendment to the permission granted under ref.15/4926 as extended by ref 20/5549 for renewable bioenergy plant. The amendment consists of: 1) omission of one permitted combined heat and power (CHP) enclosure to reduce the CHP capacity from 4MW to 1MW, 2) replacement of the CHP capacity by installation of a biogas upgrade unit to generate renewable gas from biogas, 3) installation of a gas grid entry unit to facilitate the export of renewable gas to the national gas grid, 4) installation of a carbon capture and storage unit to take the carbon dioxide stream from the biogas with associated tank and filling area to facilitate off-site export for use in industry, 5) amendments to the permitted tank farm to; a) reduce the number of tanks from the permitted 16 process tanks to 9 process tanks. All tanks will remain within the max permitted capacity and height. b) reduce the footprint of the tank farm and increase the bund wall height by 1.3m, 6)ancillary development works include installation of pipe runs, reorganisation of permitted car parking layout, relocation of a weighbridge, relocation of permitted boiler and stack and biogas holder, all to facilitate the proposed amendments. The proposed development is wholly within the permitted site boundary and relates to changes confined to the east of the site covering an area of approximately 0.7ha. The application relates to development which comprises or is for the purpose of an activity requiring an industrial emissions directive licence issued by the environmental protection agency reg no. P1018-01.
Permission · Cork County Council, 23/5586
2 Jun 2023Unconditional
1 no. data centre building with ancillary offices, car parking, waste compound, generators, landscaping, lighting, provision of an access off the R623, the provision of back-up accesses connecting the proposal to the data centre development permitted under 17/5895 and associated boundary alterations and all ancillary site works. The proposal will modify part of an existing consent, 16/5011 for data centre development, modifying that part and also superseding an existing consent for office development under 07/12475. Extension of Duration to Permission granted under Planning Ref. No. 17/6980.
Extension of duration · Cork County Council, 23/5131
6 Sept 2021Conditional
Replacement of existing 60m3 external dry goods storage silo, with 120m3 external dry goods storage silo, with external maintenance access stairway. This development is within a site to which the Major Accident Directive applies. No alteration to the existing Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) license is required.
Permission · Cork County Council, 21/6440
16 Aug 2021Incompleted application
Replacement of existing 60m3 external dry goods storage silo, with 120m3 external dry goods storage silo, with external maintenance access stairway. This development is within a site to which the Major Accident Directive applies. No alteration to the existing Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) license is required.
Permission · Cork County Council, 21/6270
2 Jul 2021Incompleted application
Replacement of existing 60m3 external dry goods storage silo, with 120m3 external dry goods storage silo, with external maintenance access stairway. This development is within a site to which the Major Accident Directive applies. No alteration to the existing Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) license is required.
Permission · Cork County Council, 21/5831
4 Jun 2021Conditional
Proposed change of use/alterations of an existing pharmaceutical facility building to a data centre including ground and first floor extension to the existing building. The proposed development will include demolition of an existing storage shed, connection to existing mains services and provision of ancillary plant/services including 3 no. chillers, 1 no. fuel storage tank, 3 no. generators, 1 no. medium voltage electrical substation, and 3 no. switch rooms, together with all associated site works.
Permission · Cork County Council, 21/5574
28 May 2021Conditional
The replacement of the current 2.4m high chainlink perimeter fence with a 2.4m high palisade fence. This includes the replacement of a 4m wide access gate located at entrance of the site as well as emergency exits located on the perimeter. Additionally, new single leaf access is to be installed adjacent to the main access gate.
Permission · Cork County Council, 21/5498
29 Mar 2021Incompleted application
Proposed change of use and alterations/extension of an existing pharmaceutical facility building to a data centre. The proposed development will include demolition of an existing storage shed, provision of ancillary plant/services and boundary treatments with connection to existing mains services and all associated site works.
Permission · Cork County Council, 21/4777
5 Nov 2020Conditional
A proposed saltbarn. The application will involve the construction of a 3-bay 1,223sqm salt barn and machinery store and all associated works. A Natura Impact statement has been submitted with the planning application.
Permission · Cork County Council, 20/6428
2 Oct 2020Incompleted application
A proposed saltbarn. The application will involve the construction of a 3-bay 1,223sqm salt barn and machinery store and all associated works. This application is accompanied by a Natura Impact Statement.
Permission · Cork County Council, 20/6155
22 Jul 2020Unconditional
Construction of a renewable bioenergy plant to generate up to 4MW of electricity from 90,000 tonnes of non-hazardous biodegradable waste per annum utilising anaerobic digestion (AD) technology on a 2.01 hectares site. The proposed plant will comprise the following elements: (1) Demolition of the existing decommissioned waste water treatment plant and associated ancillary buildings and the existing utility building located on the east side of the site (c.1425sqm footprint); (2) Main processing building (c.4500sqm floor area up to 14.5m high) incorporating feedstock reception and processing areas, digestate treatment areas, dewatering and storage areas, quarantine areas and the odour control system (c. 12m high, 773sqm floor area) and 25m high stack; (3) Service yard area including 2no. weighbridges, weighbridge office (c.435m high and 17sqm floor area), 2no. car parking spaces, bunded vehicle refuelling area (c.56sqm floor area) with diesel storage tank (2500 litres), workshop (c. 7m high and c. 70sqm floor area), and 1no. wheel wash; (4) Tank farm (c.2900sqm footprint) encompassing 4no. digester tanks (up to 25.5m max. height, c. 5000 metres cubed), 4no. grit removal buffer tanks (up to 24m max. height, c. 630 metres cubed), 2no. post-digestion buffer tanks (up to 24m max. height, c. 630 metres cubed) and 2no. pasteurisation tanks (up to 19m max. height, c. 217metres cubed), 2no. post pasteurisation and sludge storage tanks (up to 24m max. height, c. 630 metres cubed), 1no. process water tank (up to 25.5m max. height, c. 1280 metres cubed), 1no. concentrate tank (up to 10m max. height, c. 240 metres cubed) , 4no. chemical storage tanks (up to 5m max. height, c. 48.1 metres cubed), total 20no. tanks in the tank farm, to include a stairwell tower (up to 25m max. height), gantry walkways, 3m high bund wall, 2no. bund access stairs, and 6no. tank emergency access ladders; (5) 2no. enclosed Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 2MW engines (c. 3.6m high and c.66sqm floor area each), 28m high CHP stack, c.14m high gas storage dome (1800 metres cubed) with 4no. lightning rod electrodes (c.18m high), 8.2m high biogas flare stack, gas treatment equipment enclosed in a c.1.8m high container (c.31sqm floor area) containing a gas booster and dryer and a c.2.5m high container (c.79sqm floor area) containing a boiler, 10m high boiler stack, 3no. bunded electrical transformers (c.5m high with 1m high bund wall and c.117sqm floor area), c.3.0m high substation (c.70sqm flo
Extension of duration · Cork County Council, 20/5549
1 Jul 2019Conditional
Change of use and internal alteration of an existing administration / office building to a laboratory with ancillary office space. The proposed development will include for refurbishment and renewal works to the existing roof of the building, elevational changes including new entrance doors and new mechanical extract flues, totem signage, bin and gas tank enclosures. Access to the site will be from the existing entrance to the R623.
Permission · Cork County Council, 19/5676
17 Aug 2018Conditional
The removal of an existing steel frame and the construction of an unmanned fuel service station solely for the use of trucks consisting of 1) 1 no. diesel island dispensing diesel on each side; 2) the re-use of 2 no. existing above ground tanks for diesel storage; and 3) all associated ancillary development works including vehicular access, landscaping, drainage, plant and services area.
Permission · Cork County Council, 18/6183
31 May 2018Conditional
Alterations and extension to the ground floor of a production building to include enclosure of previously open ground floor of the production welfare building to provide cover/shelter for a new automatic drum/IBC filling unit and conveyor system, erection of new canopy and all associated siteworks. This development is within a site to which the Major Accident Directive applies. No alteration to the existing Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) License is required.
Permission · Cork County Council, 18/5419
2 May 2018Incompleted application
Alterations to the ground floor of a production building and associated site works. This development is within a site to which the Major Accident Directive applies. No alteration to the existing Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Licence is required.
Permission · Cork County Council, 18/5096
17 Nov 2017Conditional
The proposed development includes 1 no. data centre building with ancillary offices, car parking, waste compound, generators, landscaping, lighting, provision of an access off the R623, the provision of back-up accesses connecting the proposal to the data centre development permitted under 17/5895 and associated boundary alterations and all ancillary site works. The proposal will modify part of an existing consent, 16/5011 for data centre development, modifying that part and also superseding an existing consent for office development under 07/12475.
Permission · Cork County Council, 17/6980
6 May 2015Conditional
Construction of a renewable bioenergy plant to generate up to 4MW of electricity from 90,000 tonnes of non-hazardous biodegradable waste per annum utilising anaerobic digestion (AD) technology on a 2.01 hectares site. The proposed plant will comprise the following elements: (1) Demolition of the existing decommissioned waste water treatment plant and associated ancillary buildings and the existing utility building located on the east side of the site (c.1425sqm footprint); (2) Main processing building (c.4500sqm floor area up to 14.5m high) incorporating feedstock reception and processing areas, digestate treatment areas, dewatering and storage areas, quarantine areas and the odour control system (c. 12m high, 773sqm floor area) and 25m high stack; (3) Service yard area including 2no. weighbridges, weighbridge office (c.435m high and 17sqm floor area), 2no. car parking spaces, bunded vehicle refuelling area (c.56sqm floor area) with diesel storage tank (2500 litres), workshop (c. 7m high and c. 70sqm floor area), and 1no. wheel wash; (4) Tank farm (c.2900sqm footprint) encompassing 4no. digester tanks (up to 25.5m max. height, c. 5000 metres cubed), 4no. grit removal buffer tanks (up to 24m max. height, c. 630 metres cubed), 2no. post-digestion buffer tanks (up to 24m max. height, c. 630 metres cubed) and 2no. pasteurisation tanks (up to 19m max. height, c. 217metres cubed), 2no. post pasteurisation and sludge storage tanks (up to 24m max. height, c. 630 metres cubed), 1no. process water tank (up to 25.5m max. height, c. 1280 metres cubed), 1no. concentrate tank (up to 10m max. height, c. 240 metres cubed) , 4no. chemical storage tanks (up to 5m max. height, c. 48.1 metres cubed), total 20no. tanks in the tank farm, to include a stairwell tower (up to 25m max. height), gantry walkways, 3m high bund wall, 2no. bund access stairs, and 6no. tank emergency access ladders; (5) 2no. enclosed Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 2MW engines (c. 3.6m high and c.66sqm floor area each), 28m high CHP stack, c.14m high gas storage dome (1800 metres cubed) with 4no. lightning rod electrodes (c.18m high), 8.2m high biogas flare stack, gas treatment equipment enclosed in a c.1.8m high container (c.31sqm floor area) containing a gas booster and dryer and a c.2.5m high container (c.79sqm floor area) containing a boiler, 10m high boiler stack, 3no. bunded electrical transformers (c.5m high with 1m high bund wall and c.117sqm floor area), c.3.0m high substation (c.70sqm floor
Permission · Cork County Council, 15/4926
The 25 most recent of 33 applications.
Source: National Planning Applications, Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Applicants are not shown.
Nature and heritage
Designated sites and recorded monuments
Designated sites
- Special Protection Area: Cork Harbour SPA 004030
- Proposed Natural Heritage Area: Dunkettle Shore 001082
Recorded monuments
No recorded monument lies in the townland of Inchera.
Architectural heritage
No building of the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage stands in the townland of Inchera.
Designated sites: National Parks and Wildlife Service. Recorded monuments: Sites and Monuments Record, National Monuments Service. Buildings: National Inventory of Architectural Heritage. Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Works at or in relation to a recorded monument need two months' written notice to the National Monuments Service (National Monuments (Amendment) Act 1994, section 12).
Ground and risks
Radon, landslides, flooding
- Radon
- About 1 in 5 homes in this area is likely to have high radon levels. Testing a home
- Landslides
- Susceptibility low, low (inferred), on the 1:50,000 map; parts are made ground and water.
- Terrain model
- No LiDAR survey of the Office of Public Works covers the centre of the townland of Inchera.
- Flooding
- The flood maps of the Office of Public Works: floodinfo.ie.
Radon Risk Map of Ireland, Environmental Protection Agency; Landslide Susceptibility Classification, Geological Survey Ireland; both CC BY 4.0. LiDAR: contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey Ireland & the Office of Public Works) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence.
Homes sold
Property Price Register
No address of the register names Inchera with five sales or more. The sales of the area are on the page of Co. Cork.
The townland
- Name
- Inchera · Inis Iarthach
- Area
- 274,323 m² (27.43 ha, 67.79 acres)
- Civil parish
- Little Island, and its townlands
- Barony
- Barrymore
- Electoral division
- Caherlag, the unit of the census
- Census 2022
- Caherlag electoral division: 3,626 people in 1,264 households; 84% of households own their home; 28% of homes were built since 2001; 5% of dwellings stood vacant on census night, and 1% were holiday homes.
- Neighbouring townlands
- Wallingstown
- Placenames
- Inchera on logainm.ie, the Placenames Database of Ireland
Townlands, civil parishes, baronies and electoral divisions, National Statutory Boundaries, Tailte Éireann, CC BY 4.0. Census 2022, Small Area Population Statistics by electoral division, Central Statistics Office, CC BY 4.0. A townland is the smallest land division of Ireland, and the unit of a rural address; old registers such as the 1901 and 1911 censuses file it under its civil parish and barony.