Wolfe Tone St, Clonmel

Area

17 m²

Buildings

2 buildings touch it, 327 m² on the ground

Zoning

M2 Urban Core (Clonmel and Environs Local Area Plan 2024-2030) The objective

Townland

Burgagery-Lands West

Planning applications on this parcel

No planning application touches this parcel in the national file, which goes back to 2010.

Source: National Planning Applications, Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Applicants are not shown.

Designated sites

No designated site (Special Area of Conservation, Special Protection Area, Natural Heritage Area or proposed one) touches this parcel.

Recorded monuments around it

This parcel is in the zone of notification of 84 recorded monuments.

• TS083-019 Historic town
  Description

  Clonmel, sited on the N bank of the River Suir, was granted to William de Burgo in 1205/06 (Shee and Watson 1975) but it was probably his son, Richard, who founded the town (Killanin and Duignan 1967, 172-4). The parish church, St. Mary’s (TS083-019001-), and its graveyard (TS083-019020-) survive within the NW angle of the town wall. In 1225 Henry III granted Richard the right to hold an annual fair in the town. The manor of Clonmel was granted to Otho de Grandison in 1265, at which time he was also appointed its sheriff (Shee and Watson 1975). The Franciscan friary (TS083-019003-) in the SE angle of the town, was founded in 1269, also by de Grandison (Morrissey 1909, 248-50). There is a reference to a 13th-century Dominican foundation in the town (O’Flanagan 1930, vol. 3, 71), though it has been suggested that the Dominican Priory (TS083-019011-), traditionally located on the W side of the junction between Blue Anchor Lane and O’Connell St. actually dates to the 17th century (Gwynn and Hadcock 1970, 232-3). The town defences (TS083-019049-) probably date to the late 13th century, the earliest recorded murage grant recorded being in 1298, bestowed upon the town by Edward I for a ten year period. Subsequent grants were made throughout the 14th century and into the 15th century (Bradley 1985, 47). The town became the headquarters, or caput, of the County Palatine in 1328. This was an administrative area controlled by the Earls of Ormond (Shee and Watson 1975). Ten years later the manor of Clonmel was sold to Maurice Fitzgerald, the 1st Earl of Desmond (Shee and Watson 1975). In the late 14th century the town was almost continuously besieged by the Irish, leading James, Earl of Ormond, to exclaim in 1385 that the citizens of the town had been unable to attend divine service in their parish church (TS083-019001-) in the accustomed manner, due to the poor state of repair of the building. In 1516 the town was besieged by the Earl of Kildare (Power 1908, 6-7). Then in c. 1531 Clonmel passed, as the dowry of a Fitzgerald bride, to the Butlers of Ormond (Shee and Watson 1975). The town walls were well maintained throughout the 16th and 17th century (Shee and Watson 1975, 20; Thomas 1992, vol.2, 51). The Supreme Council of the Confederation of Kilkenny assembled in Clonmel in 1647 (Killanin and Duignan 1967, 172--4). Three years later Cromwell laid siege to the town (Power 1908, 6-7). The Civil Survey (1654-6) provides a good description of the Corporation’s property and occupiers in 1640 (Simington 1931, vol. 1, 385-8). It also describes Clonmel as having three suburbs, ‘The East Suburbs extending to the lane called Bohir Mullinne parky, containeing fifty [houses] & cabins or thereabouts with Garden plots and three Weires likewise three houses & consistinge of fowerteen houses or thereabouts with gardens & from the sayd North Suburbs, there was a lane inclosed all along with Gardens & oarchards leadinge unto. the west suburbs, w[hi]ch suburbs consisted of eighty houses or thereabouts, Whereof six were good slate houses & one Mill, And ye sayd suburbs did extend from the west gate to a lane called BoRinenenardcysy commonly called Cheiferentlane’ (ibid., 385). A list of Ormond property in Clonmel in 1641, includes 39 slated houses, 14 thatched houses, 9 thatched cabins and 3 castles, as well as the names of the owners before and after the confiscations (Butler 1978-9, 642-5). During Cromwell’s siege of the town in 1650 the building at the North Gate where the Manor courts were held was destroyed (Shee and Watson 1975, 34). When the Palatinate was restored in 1662 to the Duke of Ormond by the restored king, Charles II, a new Palatinate courthouse, the Main Guard (TS083-019004-) was built (Shee and Watson 1975). In 1660 the Franciscans, without their monastery but still present in the town, established a thatched church (TS083-019013-) in Irishtown. In the late 17th century the town appears to have flourishing. In 1665 500 families were brought from Canterbury by the Duke to initiate a woollen industry in the town (Power 1908, 6-7). A list of holdings and their occupants, made in the town of Clonmel, following the Settlement of 1666, includes a ‘castle and waste tenements’ in Bridge Street (Burke 1907, 260). In 1712 the County Palatine was extinquished by an Act of Parliament (Shee and Watson 1975). The walled town is roughly rectangular in shape with the main street running E-W, parallel to the river, with the West Gate at the west end. Two streets run northward from the main street, Mary St. running past the church and graveyard and exiting the town via a postern gate and Gladstone St. at the E end of main street, leading to the North Gate. The latter street forms an offset junction with Mitchell St. which continues eastward to the East Gate and with Sarsfield St. which runs southward to Water Gate. The medieval market place was located at this junction until 1800. The base of the market cross (TS083-019108-) is still visible protruding from the base of 1 O’Connell St. on the Sarsfield St. side. At the W end of the main street the road is slightly wider, to accommodate ‘Middle Row’, a block of houses in the middle of the street from the junction of Mary St. and Bridge St. westward towards the West Gate (Burke 1907, 56). Bridge St. runs southward to the medieval bridge (TS083-019002-). There are also a number of lanes running N and S from the main street. Still visible on the former quayside W of Collet’s Lane are the remains of a late 16th/early 17th-century house (TS083-019006-), possibly that of merchant. Another house (TS083-019008-) of similar date can be seen on the W side of Flag Lane, immediately S of O’Connell St. There are buildings on O’Connell St. (TS083-019007-), Collet’s Lane (TS083-019012-) and West Gate (TS083-019010-; TS083-019010-) which have late 16th/early 17th-century features which are not readily visible, some having been obscured by later phases of building. It is likely that many other buildings in Clonmel also have an earlier origin than their 18th or 19th-century facades would suggest. A number of medieval dumps or middens have been identified as a result of excavations at the rear of properties on medieval streets. While some middens are specifically dumps, others may have been deliberate attempts to raise the existing ground level, as at the rear of 35-36 O'Connell St. where the ground level along the Suir appears to have been raised in the 14th century within the newly constructed town wall (Henry 1997, 101). Excavations in 1996 NNE of the NE mural tower at Richmond House on Kickham St. revealed probable medieval cultivation furrows, c. 20m beyond the walled town (Pollock 1997, 101). Other excavations in 1996 and 1997 on Upper Gladstone St., c. 100m and c. 80m, respectively, beyond the walled town, found cultivated garden soil, a further indication of open fields beyond the walled town in the medieval period with no indication of extramural suburban settlement (Henry 1997, 101; 1998, 160-61). Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of revised upload: 16 February 2015

• TS083-019001 Church
  Description

  St. Mary's church is located in the NW angle of the medieval town, with the town wall forming the N and W walls of the graveyard (TS083-019020-). The parish church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, or 'Our Ladye of Clonmell' as it was more popularly known, dates from the 13th century. The initial foundation, of which there are no upstanding remains, is attributed to William de Burgh or his son Richard. The earliest reference to the church is contained in a letter from Abbot Stephen of Lexington, who preached in St. Mary's in August 1228 on the occasion of his visit to the nearby Abbey of Inishlounaght (Shee and Watson 1975, 23-8). In the late 14th century, following a number of attacks on the town by the Irish, the church was proclaimed by James, Earl of Ormond to be in such a poor state of repair that the parishioners were unable to attend divine service. Perhaps in response to a need for greater safety, a fortified church was built in the late 14th/early 15th century, replacing the earlier church. An excavation in 1996 revealed a 14th/early 15th century sarcophagus protruding from the base of the tower (Pollock 1997, 102). The square tower base had no foundations (ibid.). It appears that the tower was built onto the chancel some time before the aisle was added to the nave (ibid.). A sketch by Daniel Grose in the late 18th century provides a good illustration of this 14th/15th-century structure prior to its extensive renovations in 1805 and its rebuild in 1857 (Stalley 1991, Pls. 18, 19). The White Mortuary Chapel (built in 1622-23) is shown projecting southward from the W end of the S side of the church, with a doorway in the W gable and crenellated battlement, similar to those which crowned the side-walls and gable ends of the church itself. Also depicted are the wooden fleche and belfry which formerly surmounted the octagonal tower and the dormer windows of the aisles (Stalley 1991, 96-7). Burke (1907, 263-71) describes in some detail the structural changes of 1805. The E gable of the chancel, which was originally aligned with the end wall of the present vestry, was set back,shortening the chancel by 29 feet [8.8m]; the White Memorial Chapel was demolished and a new porch constructed at the W end of the church; and the octagonal tower heightened (Burke 1907, 263-71). Architectural fragments (TS083-004006- to TS083-004014-), an altar-tomb (TS083-004004-) and an armorial stone (TS083-004005) from the White Memorial Chapel were relocated to the church (TS083-004001-) at Patrickswell, which is c. 3km WNW of Clonmel. Internally the N and S galleries were removed. The bells of St. Mary's, dated 1697, were left in place. In 1857 the church was almost entirely rebuilt. The present remains consist of a 19th-century church which incorporates the 15th-century E and W windows, the octagonal belfry (dims. 4.22m N-S; 4.4m E-W), only the lower half of which is original, and a residential four-storey tower (dims. 4.67m N-S; 6.3m E-W). There are several 17th-century graveslabs in the porch (TS083-019029- to TS083-019034-) and within the church itself, including one for John Striche and his wife Margaret Smith, dated 1625 (TS083-019021-), one for John White, dated 1643 (TS083-019025-) and a late 17th-century slab for the Hutchinson family (TS083-019022-). The earliest graveslab (TS083-019026-), of 13th /14th-century date, was uncovered in the 1990s at the W end of the nave. (Farrelly and FitzPatrick 1993, 58-60). Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 26 August 2011

• TS083-019002 Bridge
  Description

  On the 12th of January 1355 Clonmel received a pontage grant from Edward III (Chartae priv. imm., 59). There is no record of the exact location of the 14th-century bridge but it is likely that it forded the Suir in the place where Oldbridge now stands. A deed of 1388 describes a plot of land in Clonmel which is bounded by 'the King's way which goes to the great bridge on the west' (COD vol. 2, 210). The Down Survey map of 1656 provides a perspective sketch of the walled town indicating the bridge to the S. In the 18th century it was represented on Moll's map of 1714 as an integral part of the principal road leading to Dungarvan and Cappoquin and in 1748 it was described as a 'very spacious bridge over the Suir... of twenty arches (O'Keefe and Simington 1991, 158). The oldest portion of this bridge to have survived is that part now known as 'Old Bridge'. According to Lyons (1936, 290) this three arch bridge, originally 5.5m wide, was widened by a third of the present width about the middle of the 18th century. He states that the bridge piers are 'in their ancient state on the W side. In 1830, a Mr. Hughes, a miller in the town, removed a portion of a building projecting onto the roadway, at the S end of the bridge. This widened the bridge on the down-river side, and it was at this time that a new parapet was added. The present bridge (L 24.5m; Wth 8m), with parapet (H 1.2m; T 0.55m) is composed of randomly coursed sandstone, limestone and some granite. It has three spans and is slightly hump-backed with two large cut-waters, trapezoidal in plan, on its E and W faces. The cut-waters on the E side have an edge to them while their W companions are blunted, being square. The arch-rings are almost semi-circular and comprise a series of closely set, cut wedge-shaped voussoirs. The regularity of the arch-rings suggests a construction date no earlier than c. 1750 (O'Keefe and Simington 1991, 158). However, the stout piers and the span to pier ratio are clear indictors of an earlier structure, onto which the later features such as parapet and arch-rings were added. (Farrelly and FitzPatrick 1993, 60-1). Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of revised upload: 27 January 2015

• TS083-019003 Religious house - Franciscan friars
  Description

  In the SE angle of the town wall, E of Abbey Street. This Franciscan friary was founded in 1269 by Otho de Grandison (Morrissey 1909, 248-50). The former chancel of the 13th-century church is co-terminous with the present N aisle, while the nave, which was demolished in c. 1760, originally extended to the W, crossing Abbey Street (Shee and Watson 1975, 30). Its foundations now lie beneath the car park immediately W of the Friary (Shee and Watson 1975, 11-12). It is probable that the cloister and domestic buildings were located to the S of the church (Shee and Watson 1975, 11-12). A N transcept or Lady Chapel was added in 1318 (Conlan 1999, 100). At the time of the Dissolution in 1540 the friary consisted of 'a church, a belfry, a dormitory, a hall, three chambers, a kitch, a stable, ...a weir' and land (Morrissey 1909, 248-50). During Cromwell's attack on Clonmel in 1650 the friary was badly damaged. The 'ffort of Clonmel' was built there soon afterwards, thereby destroying the claustral buildings (Shee and Watson 1975, 11-12). Towards the end of the 17th century a number of weavers brought from England established their factory at the old fort of Clonmel (Shee and Watson 1975, 11-12). In 1705 the chancel was repaired for use as a Dissenter's chapel and remained as such until 1789 when the friars once again took possession (Shee and Watson 1975, 11-12). In c. 1813 the building was converted into a barrack (Morrissey 1909, 248-50). The friary was reopened in 1828 (Craig and Garner 1975, 27) and rebuilt in 1883, incorporating the N wall of the original 13th-century choir and later 15th-century tower (Morrissey 1909, 248-50). By 1840 a SE wing (O'Flanagan 1930, vol. 3, 70-71) and a porch in front of the tower had been added (Shee and Watson 1975, 11-12). Of the former medieval friary church and its domestic buildings only the belfry and traces of the gabled roof of the old nave on its W side remain upstanding. The belfry is seven storeys high (dims. 2.7m N-S; 3m E-W; wall T 1m) constructed of sandstone. The crenellations, porch entrance and buttress features on its W face, and some of the windows, are modern additions to the medieval fabric. Internally the original piers which carried the vault of the tower are in place. The first floor is no longer extant and access to the second floor is via a tiny doorway broken through the S wall of the church gallery. The eroded sandstone staircase rises steeply to the upper floor where it becomes spiral. The fifth floor is roofed by a bee-hive vault with good wicker-centring. There are a number of miscellaneous architectural fragments in the yard adjoining the church on its N side. Within the church itself there is a double effigial Butler tomb (TS083-019086-) and fragments of panels from three other altar tombs (Hunt 1974, vol. 1, 225-6; vol. 2, pl. 167, 336). In the 17th century a franciscan noted that there were several tombs of 'black marble' in the church, commemorating 'the Prendergasts, Mandevilles, Walls, Whites, Brays, Moronys and other notables'. When Burke (1907, 299-313) wrote his history of Clonmel only the Butler tomb was extant. According to Conlan (1999, 100) the Butler tomb was originally in the choir. Burke (ibid.) also states that the wall memorial to John White came from the friary and was moved to St. Mary's R.C. church in Irishtown (TS83-019018-). Located c. 50m NW of the Franciscan church, presumably in the former grounds of the abbey, a burial ground (TS083-019072-) was uncovered during monitoring of building works (Henry 1996, 81). The historical records indicate that the burial-ground remained in use following the dissolution of the friary in 1540 (ibid.). The church and graveyard were granted to the citizens of Clonmel after the Dissolution and remained in use for some time, probably until the ground was acquired for the construction of the Main Guard courthouse (TS083-019004-) in the early 1670s (ibid.). Excavations in 1994/5 to the rear of the Main Guard courthouse revealed a wall which underlay and pre-dated the southern wall of the return of the courthouse (Henry 1996, 81). Its location and the fact that it pre-dates the Main Guard suggests that the wall was associated with a Franciscan building (ibid.). (Farrelly and FitzPatrick 1993, 67-70). Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 26 August 2011

• TS083-019004 Courthouse
  Description

  In a prominent position at the E end of O'Connell Street. The Main Guard was built by James Butler, first Duke of Ormond, between 1673 and 1684 as a prestigious courthouse for the Palatinate of County Tipperary (Quinlan 1991, 2). Stonework from the Cistercian abbey at Inishlounaght (TS083-017----) was reused to built the courthouse. This can be seen at the base of the southern column of the arcade which has traces of fluting and on the easternmost pier on Mitchell street which has a rare survival of plaster incised with a consecration cross. The building has many of the hallmarks of a Sir Christopher Wren design, and it is likely that its architect, possibly Sir William Robinson, Surveyor General of Ireland (Shee and Watson 1975, 35-6), was influenced by Wren's works. In c. 1715 the palatinate jurisdiction was extinguished and the building was subseqently used as a tholsel and seat of the Assize Courts until 1803, when the present courthouse was completed (Killanin and Duignan 1967, 173). It is believed that the Assize Courts stood to the rear of the Main Guard, in the return block which extended eastwards to the rear of the front building and whose outline was confirmed by excavation (Henry 1996, 81). In c. 1810 the ground floor, a loggia of open arches, was converted into shops (ibid.). It is a long rectangular building built of sandstone ashlar consisting of a open arcade at ground-floor level and a first floor. It has a moulded triangular floating pediment and heavy cornice, a Mansard roof and a finely executed octagonal lantern which may be an original feature of the building (Craig and Garner 1975, 28-30). Among the surviving internal features are the first-floor level and a number of reused original floor beams; arches supported by several half-round engaged columns some of which still carry their capitals and relieving arches in the front wall, interrupted by the present fenestration (Quinlan 1991, 2). There are two sandstone heraldic plaques (TS083-019099-; TS083-019100-) dated 1675 on the W facade at first-floor level. The most northerly of the two displays the much eroded arms of Butler of Ormond, while its S counterpart bears the arms of the Borough of Clonmel, and is in equally poor condition. The building was taken into State care in the 1990s and has been restored to its 17th-century appearance. (Farrelly and FitzPatrick 1993, 70-71). Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of revised upload: 2 February 2015

• TS083-019005 Castle - unclassified
  Description

  On the N side of O'Connell Street, on the grounds of No.75 (formerly Tangney's drapery). According to Lyons (1936, 288) this was part of the Court of the Palatinate. The castle, traditionally called 'Clonmel Castle' was apparently in existence up to c. 1810 when it was pulled down by John Harvey (Morrissey 1909, 242). In 1936 Lyons identified what he believed to be the remaining E wall of the castle between the then adjoining Woolworth Building and Tangney's drapery. There is now no visible trace of this above ground. Jean Farrelly and Elizabeth FitzPatrick 1993 The Urban Archaeological Survey of Co. Tipperary S.R., 71-72. Unpublished report, OPW. Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 26 August 2011

• TS083-019006 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  On the quayside W of Collet's Lane and at the rear of No. 31-32 O'Connell Street (Emerald Garden Chinese Restaurant). Lyons (1954-5, 26) relates a popular tradition that this building was associated with a monastic order, however, there is no historical documentation to support this contention. Long, rectangular two-storey building (dims. 17.9m x 4.55m; wall T 1.1m) of which only the S wall, S end of E gable and badly overgrown W gable are upstanding. The greater part of the S wall which faces onto the river is ivy-clad and continuous burning of rubbish against the base of the wall at it W end has caused blackening and fracturing of masonry. Constructed of well mortared roughly coursed sandstone rubble with large roughly cut sandstone quoins employed at the SE and SW angles. There is a discreet base-batter and the lower quoins are slightly rounded. It was entered at ground-floor leval via a rectangular sandstone doorway at the W end of the S wall. The jambstones are chamfered and a fragment of hood-moulding with label stop survives. The three remaining ground-floor opes were broken through in more recent times. Extant features of the building include an intra-mural garderobe positioned at the E end of the S wall on the first floor, lit by a small rectangular ope with the garderobe outlet at the base of the external wall face. There are the remains of eight large crudely executed water spouts in the upper masonry courses of the S wall. There appear to have been originally four windows at first-floor level, however, only the remains of a former two-light rectangular window survive, comprising rudimentary mullion and fractured hood-moulding. Internally the ground floor appears to have had four vaulted embrasures. Three corbels project out of the S wall internally at first-floor level. The extant masonry of the E gable is featureless and the W gable is so badly overgrown that none of its features were discernible, except a large fireplace at first-floor level, only the S jamb of which survives (Holland 1992, 201). (Farrelly and FitzPatrick 1993, 72-3). Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 26 August 2011 This monument is subject to a preservation order made under the National Monuments Acts 1930 to 2014 (PO no. 6/2001).

• TS083-019007 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  No. 57/58 O'Connell St, located at the junction of O'Connell St. and Mary's Street. Two-storey building rendered with plaster. Two-light sandstone window (dims. 1.4m x 0.85m) with hood-moulding at first-floor level in N wall (rear wall of building) (Holland 1994, 176). Central mullion missing. The window reveal is 0.22m deep and there are two glazing-bar holes on the soffit. On NE angle of E gable there is a fragment of a cornice which formerly ran horizontally around the gable. Beneath it there is a corbel projecting out of the wall suggesting that there was an adjoining structure on this side. W half of building was accessed internally, it has been modernised with several partition walls inserted. Surviving early features suggest a 16th/early 17th-century date for this building. Since this building was inspected in 1993 an extension has been built onto the rear elevation incorporating the late 16th-17th-century window and obscuring it from external view. Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 26 August 2011

• TS083-019008 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  No. 12 O'Connell St. located on S side of O'Connell St. and on W side of Flag Lane. Identified by Lyons (1936, 288) as a town house of the Butlers of Ormond and reputedly the house where Cromwell stayed after the siege in 1650. Three storey building. The E gable has a pointed doorway (H 1.2m above concrete at ground level; Wth 1.15m) at ground-floor level and a blocked-up recess (dims. 0.53m x 0.53m) immediately above (both formerly obscured by render). The blocked recess appears to have a chamfered S jamb and the entire recess may be chamfered but this is obscured by stone-filled blocking. This may have been a window, but its position directly over the doorway and its square dimensions suggests it may have contained an armorial plaque. Above these features, further northward, there is broad inverted L-shaped sandstone chimney projection resting on a corbel course (H 2.35m above lane). In the upper masonry courses of the E end of the S face of the building a large water spout or slop-stone projects from the wall. Holland (1992, 200) noted a hood-moulding over a rear window. These early features indicate a 16th/early 17th-century date for this building. (Farrelly and FitzPatrick 1993, 74). Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of revised upload: 3 February 2015

• TS083-019009 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  A two-storey building (dims. 6.93m N-S; 3.11m E-W; wall T 0.9m) which is connected to and projects northward from the N gable of 2 West Gate. A late 16th/early 17th century window survives in the wall of a building (TS083-019010-) 6m to the NE. A list of holdings and occupants of West Gate Lane/Street drawn up during the settlement of 1666, mentions over a dozen slated and thatched houses, some of them 'waste' and classified as tenements (Burke 1907, 260). The E wall of the building is constructed of timber and brick and bulges out towards the top, while the N gable and the W wall are of roughly coursed sandstone rubble. At the NE angle the lower courses are rounded. The W wall has external chimney (Wth 2.2m; D 0.35m) which projects out 1.8m above the external ground level and is supported by a projecting masonry course. There are three windows at ground level in the E wall, two blocked doorways in the N gable, one of which contains a window and a window in the W wall immediately S of the chimney. The roof of the building slopes eastward from the W wall. The first floor is within the sloping roof and has a small doorway in the N gable. The N gable and E wall of the first floor are pebbled dashed externally and the W wall has a cement render. Internally the window embrasures are deep with sloping sills. (Farrelly and FitzPatrick 1993, 74-5). Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 11 December 2012

And 74 more.

Architectural heritage

No building of the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage stands on this parcel.

Designated sites: National Parks and Wildlife Service. Recorded monuments: Sites and Monuments Record, National Monuments Service. Buildings: National Inventory of Architectural Heritage. Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Works at or in relation to a recorded monument need two months' written notice to the National Monuments Service (National Monuments (Amendment) Act 1994, section 12).

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