Rathgarrett
Townland in the civil parish of Newtown, barony of Fartullagh, Co. Westmeath
- Area
- 1,047 ha
- 2,587 acres
- Land parcels
- 318
- registered freehold, median 13,257 m² (1.33 ha, 3.28 acres)
- Zoning
- —
- not in a zoned settlement
- Planning
- 30
- applications since 2010
Land parcels
Registered freehold land, Tailte Éireann
318 registered freehold parcels lie mostly in Rathgarrett, from 46 m² to 373,361 m² (37.34 ha, 92.26 acres). The dashed line is the townland's boundary; 63 neighbouring parcels touch it.
Zoning
Development plans, national zoning
No zone of a development plan covers Rathgarrett in the national zoning. Outside zoned towns and villages, the county development plan's rural policies apply to each application.
Source: Tailte Éireann and the Department of Housing (MyPlan), national zoning, CC BY 4.0.
Planning applications
Sites that touch the townland, newest first
6 Sept 2026N/a
Retention Permission and for Permission, for completed works and for alterations from particulars previously granted permission under planning file number 20/6111. Retention permission is sought for the following: 01. All completed works including change of house design and reduction in house size on site, from a previously granted four bed bungalow with 1st floor element to a substantially complete two bedroom bungalow. 02. Change of site location and dwelling location on landholding, change of site boundaries and site entrance from details as previously granted permission. 03. The installation of a septic tank and percolation area in place of previously granted proprietary wastewater treatment system and all other site works. Permission is sought to complete the development and all associated site works
Retention · Westmeath County Council, 2660474
14 Aug 2026N/a
development which will consist of the renovation and extension of an existing detached derelict structure, formerly a dwelling house. The works will include a new raised roof and alterations to existing fenestration, a new storey-and-a-half extension to the rear (South-West) of the structure, an additional detached two-bay garage to the North of the existing structure, the installation of a wastewater treatment system and polishing filter, and all associated ancillary site works
Permission · Westmeath County Council, 2660432
4 Aug 2026N/a
RETENTION Permission and Permission, for completed works and for alterations from particulars previously granted permission under planning file number 20/6111 RETENTION permission is sought for the following: 01. All completed works including change of house design and reduction in house size on site, from a previously granted four bed bungalow with 1st floor element to a substantially complete two bedroom bungalow. 02. Change of site location and dwelling location on landholding, change of site boundaries and site entrance from details as previously granted permission. 03. The installation of a septic tank and percolation area in place of previously granted proprietary wastewater treatment system and all other site works. Permission is sought to complete the development and all associated site works
Retention · Westmeath County Council, 2660408
1 Jul 2026N/a
RETENTION Permission and Permission, for completed works and for alterations from particulars previously granted permission under planning file number 20/6111. RETENTION permission is sought for the following: 01. All completed works including change of house design and reduction in house size on site, from a previously granted four bed bungalow with 1st floor element to a substantially complete two bedroom bungalow. 02. Change of site location and dwelling location on landholding, change of site boundaries and site entrance from details as previously granted permission. 03. The installation of a septic tank and percolation area in place of previously granted proprietary wastewater treatment system and all other site works. Permission is sought to complete the development and all associated site works
Retention · Westmeath County Council, 2660356
21 May 2026Conditional
Development comprising the completion of the reinstatement phase of an existing sand and gravel pit. The development will consist of the completion of the development permitted under Westmeath County Council planning register REF. 02/106 & 09/4034 Restoration of land to agricultural use
Permission · Westmeath County Council, 2660262
14 May 2025Conditional
Retention permission for changes to the as constructed dwelling to that previously granted under planning permission reference No. 206322 and all associated site works
Retention, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 2560237
9 Apr 2025N/a
RETENTION permission for the following changes to the as-constructed dwelling previously granted under Planning Permission Reference No. 206322; 1) minor alterations to the internal layout, 2) minor alterations to fenestration, and 3) all associated ancillary site services.
Retention · Westmeath County Council, 2560167
18 Oct 2024Conditional
construction of a new dwelling, garage, wastewater treatment system and percolating area and all associated site works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 2460397
3 Sept 2024Conditional
RETENTION of existing shed and arch wall
Retention, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 2461
1 Sept 2024Conditional
private dwelling house, proprietry effluent treatment system and percolation area, domestic garage and carport, entrance onto public road and all ancillary site services
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 2460313
23 Dec 2023Conditional
development which will consist of construction to extend and refurbish an existing derelict house, a new effluent treatment system and all associated site development works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 2460002
19 Dec 2023Conditional
internal and external alterations/ renovations and to construct a new 40.0sq.m single storey extension to the rear of an existing derelict dwelling and to install a new septic tank and percolation area and all associated ancillary site services
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 2360448
28 Nov 2023Conditional
new dwelling house, domestic garage, new site entrance, septic tank and percolation area and all associated site works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 2360408
2 May 2023Conditional
construction of a dwelling house & detached garage with treatment system & percolation area with all ancillary site works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 2360112
29 Mar 2021Conditional
Retention permission for ground works as carried out on site including levelling of site and the retention of roadside boundary consisting of timber post and wire fencing and new hedging. Permission is also sought to construct a new dwelling, garage, wastewater treatment system and percolation area and all associated site works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 21151
21 Dec 2020Conditional
The construction of a new two storey extension to the west of the existing dwelling with a new single storey entrance block, a new single storey extension to the north with new entrance porch to the east, conversion of part of the existing dwelling to serve as a granny flat, new packaged wastewater treatment system and polishing filter together with all ancillary internal and external refurbishment works and all associated works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 206366
17 Nov 2020Conditional
Retention permission for ground works as carried out on site including levelling of site and the retention of roadside boundary consisting of timber post and wire fence and new hedging. Permission is also sought to construct a dwelling house and detached garage with treatment system and percolation area and all ancillary site works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 206322
12 Oct 2020Refused
Permission and retention permission for ground works as carried out on site, including levelling of site and the retention of roadside boundary consisting of timber post and wire fencing and new hedging. Permission is also sought to construct a new dwelling, garage, waste water treatment system and percolation area and all associated site works.
Permission · Westmeath County Council, 206277
16 Sept 2020N/a
construct a dwelling house & detached garage with treatment system and percolation area with all ancillary site works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 206248
6 Aug 2020N/a
construct a new dwelling, garage, wastewater treatment system and percolation area and all associated site works
Permission · Westmeath County Council, 206207
3 Jul 2020Conditional
retention and continuation of development at this site, Toar Biomass Facility in the townland of Rathgarrett, Co Westmeath. The development consists of works for an existing biomass facility on a site of 14.34 ha. The facility is used for the storage and seasoning of biomass logs (6-9 Months) followed by chipping of the seasoned logs. The proposed retention development consists of the installation of temporary structures, a weightbridge cabin (7.44 sq.m) weighbridge (125 sqm). Retention permission is also sought for a biomass storage area (4.7km linear log storage space equating to 24,910 tonnes of wet logs), a low steel post and rail fence with gates at the entrance from the L1113), unpaved access tracks (4.7km) in length, a paved roadway (120m total length from the site entrance) and all ancillary works. The log storage area or long pile is linear with a diameter of c. 4m and up to a height of 4.1m. There is no storage of chipped biomass on site. This site will be operational until 2030. Planning permission is sought for alterations to improve the existing access of the L1113.
Retention · Westmeath County Council, 206168
25 May 2020Conditional
a single storey dwelling with converted attic, detached domestic garage and store, install a proprietary wastewater treatment system and all associated site development works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 206111
6 Dec 2019Conditional
to construct a storey & a half dwelling house, garage and a new domestic entrance onto the public roadway, the installation of a packaged wastewater treatment system & polishing filter an all associated site works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 196335
2 Oct 2019Conditional
proposed new extension to existing dwelling house at the east gable including conversion of attached domestic garage to residential use, new raised roof to proposed new extended dwelling house to provide dormer type accommodation to proposed first floor, associated elevation modifications, alterations to site boundary locations, new effluent treatment system, percolation area and all associated site works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 196273
28 Aug 2019Conditional
proposed new dwelling house, septic tank/effluent treatment system, percolation area & all associated site works
Permission, 1 home · Westmeath County Council, 196246
The 25 most recent of 30 applications.
Source: National Planning Applications, Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Applicants are not shown.
Nature and heritage
Designated sites and recorded monuments
Designated sites
No designated site (Special Area of Conservation, Special Protection Area, Natural Heritage Area or proposed one) touches the townland of Rathgarrett.
Recorded monuments
- WM039-005 Barrow - mound barrow
Description
On a low rise of ground with good views to the N. Small circular-shaped flat-topped mound (top diam. 9.5m N-S; 8.5m E-W; H 2m) of earth and stone defined by a scarp with no visible sign of an external fosse. Not indicated on the 1837 ed. OS 6-inch map. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 01 August 2013
- WM039-006 Ringfort - rath
Description
In pasture, on top of a low rise of ground with good views of the surrounding countryside. No surface remains visible. Monument was described in 1973 as consiting of a large oval-shaped area (diam. c. 40m N-S; 55m E-W) defined by a low wide bank with shallow external fosse with traces of an external bank visible at N only. The SE sector of the monument has been damaged by quarrying. The interior is uneven with cultivation ridges aligned E-W running across the centre of the ringfort. Compiled by: Caimin O’Brien Date of upload: 02 August 2013
- WM039-007 Ringfort - rath
Description
Depicted as a roughly circular-shaped enclosure intersected at N by a road or lane running roughly E-W on the 1837 ed. OS 6-inch map. On subsequent editions of the OS 6-inch maps the monument is depicted as a rectangular shaped platform. On rising ground with good views to the S. Roughly rectangular-shaped area (dims. c. 35m N-S; 36m E-W) defined by a low earthen bank with traces of a shallow external fosse. Possible causewayed entrance gap (Wth 3.5m) at S. A narrow lane running E-W intersects the N side of the monument as shown on the OS 6-inch maps. The possible ringfort is covered with bushes and trees making detailed examination of the monument difficult. Compiled by: Caimin O’Brien Date of upload: 02 August 2013
- WM039-372 Structure - peatland
Description
A deposit of five irregularly laid pieces of brushwood on the field surface (L 0.99m; Wth 0.26m). The elements (diam. 0.02-0.04m) are situated in poorly humified Sphagnum peat with Eriophorum and fibrous roots. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-377 Structure - peatland
Description
A small, irregular and dispersed deposit of five pieces of heavy brushwood and one roundwood in the drain face (Wth 1.94m; D 0.44m). Woodworking is evidenced by two pieces of brushwood which have been torn. The site is situated in well-humified Sphagnum peat with Eriophorum. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-378 Structure - peatland
Description
An irregular and dispersed deposit of fourteen pieces of brushwood and one roundwood in the drain face (Wth 1.2m; D 0.14m). The brushwood (diam. 0.02-0.05m) is 2-3 pieces deep. The site is situated in moderately humified Sphagnum peat with Eriophorum and ericaceous roots and wood fragments. SMR WM039-379---- is located to the S of this site. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-381 Structure - peatland
Description
A stake (L 0.14m min.; diam. 0.04m) set at an angle of 75°. SMR WM039-367---- is located 0.35m below this site. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-383 Structure - peatland
Description
An irregular and dispersed deposit of seven pieces of mixed brushwood in the drain face (Wth 1.03m; D 0.1m). Woodworking is evidenced by three pieces with chisel points. The site is situated in well-humified Sphagnum peat. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-385 Structure - peatland
Description
An irregular and dispersed deposit of three pieces of heavy brushwood (L 1.7m min.; Wth 1.25m; D 0.1m). One of the elements has been cut to a chisel point. The site is situated in poorly to moderately humified Sphagnum peat. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-386 Structure - peatland
Description
An irregular and dispersed deposit of two roundwoods and one piece of brushwood (Wth 0.91m; D 0.1m). The site is situated in moderately humified Sphagnum peat with Eriophorum and ericaceous roots and wood fragments. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-387 Road - class 3 togher
Description
The site (L 3.37m; D 0.72m) is orientated NNE-SSW and consists of two dense and compact layers of material. The upper surface (D 0.31m) is composed of over fifty pieces of brushwood, three roundwoods, one vertical peg and some beds of twigs. The brushwood is transversely laid and the three roundwoods are longitudinally laid with brushwood above and below them. The site is densest at its centre where it dips and peg and the majority of the twig beds are deposited at this point. The lower layer (D 0.34m) is confined to the centre of the site and is composed of five pieces of brushwood and two roundwoods. The roundwoods (diam. 0.07-0.09m) are transversely laid, while the brushwood (av. diam. 0.025m) is laid both transversely and longitudinally. No woodworking is evident. Wood species are dominated by hazel, with ash and Pomoideae also recorded. Radiocarbon dated to 1048-827 cal. BC (UCD-0149). It is situated in moderately humified Sphagnum peat with Eriophorum with fibrous roots and ericaceous roots. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-388 Structure - peatland
Description
An irregular and dispersed deposit of five pieces of heavy brushwood (Wth 0.46m; D 0.15m). The site is situated in well-humified Sphagnum peat with Eriophorum. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-389 Structure - peatland
Description
A densely packed deposit of light brushwood, two pegs and occasional twigs (Wth 0.67m; D 0.17m). The brushwood is laid three pieces deep with the two pegs positioned towards the centre of the deposit and set at angles of 25-30°. Both have been cut to chisel points. The site is situated in moderately humified Sphagnum peat with Eriophorum. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-390 Road - class 3 togher
Description
The site (L 2.2m min.; Wth 1.38m; D 0.11m) is orientated N-S and consists of closely spaced, transverse brushwood and occasional twigs. The brushwood (diam. 0.01-0.045m) is laid 1-2 pieces deep. Two pieces of brushwood have metal-cut chisel points and branch-trimming is evident on another piece. Wood species are dominated by alder, with hazel and willow also recorded. The site is situated in well-humified Sphagnum peat. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-391 Structure - peatland
Description
A compact deposit of mixed brushwood, a roundwood and occasional twigs (L 1.97m; Wth 1.25m). The elements are irregularly laid, 1-2 pieces deep. The heavier elements tend to occur towards the centre of the deposit. A number of elements have been cut to chisel points. The site is situated in poorly humified Sphagnum peat with Eriophorum. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-392 Road - class 3 togher
Description
The site (L 0.94m min.; Wth 0.83m min.; D 0.16m) is composed of densely packed light brushwood, 2-3 pieces deep, and occasional twigs. The elements are mostly irregularly laid and a clear orientation is not evident. Some of the pieces are laid parallel to one another or perpendicular. Two pieces have chisel points and branch-trimming is evident on another. Wood species are dominated by hazel, with ash also recorded. The site is situated in moderately humified Sphagnum peat with possible Menyanthes seeds. Date of upload: 23 August 2013
- WM039-394 Road - class 3 togher
Description
This site is located in the industrial peatlands of Toar Bog. It was a previously unrecorded togher, uncovered during the excavation of WM-TOR064a. It was located 0.86m below the field surface. A single cutting was opened and excavated under licence 14E0294. The site was situated in moderate to well-humified Sphagnum peat with Eriophorum inclusions. It was dated to cal. 1214-980 BC (UBA 35503). The togher was 1.35m in width and 0.09m in depth. It was composed of longitudinal ash and alder brushwood and roundwoods with larger, heavy brushwood delineating the E and W sides. The majority of the elements were brushwood which were relatively well preserved, some having intact bark. They were laid two to three elements deep. Compiled by: Jane Whitaker/Femke Vleeshouwer Date of upload: 28/02/2020
- WM039-395 Structure - peatland
Description
This site was recorded in the 2013 Re-assessment survey as a hurdle panel, partially exposed in section in the drain face 0.12m below the field surface (Whitaker 2014). A single cutting was opened and excavated under licence 14E0291. The site was situated in Sphagnum peats. A fragment of ash was chosen for AMS dating and returned a date of cal. 1210–1022 BC (UBA 26623). The excavated site consisted of a N-S oriented hurdle togher. It was composed of E-W orientated sails (max. L2.06m), with N-S orientated woven and tightly packed rods (max. L2.7m, W1.1m). The sails were regularly placed and occurred singly and sometimes in pairs. Additional elements were exposed on the opposing field surface to the SE. Eighteen worked ends were noted, all of which were simple chisel points with slightly concave facets. The identified wood species were ash and hazel. Compiled by: Jane Whitaker/Femke Vleeshouwer Date of upload: 28/02/2020
- WM039-396 Road - class 3 togher
Description
This site was located in the industrial peatlands of Toar Bog. It was recorded in the 2013 Re-assessment Peatland Survey as a longitudinally laid brushwood togher, orientated NNE–SSW, and exposed for a length of 10m on the field surface (Whitaker 2014). A single cutting was opened and excavated under licence 14E0292. A fragment of ash was chosen for AMS dating and returned a result of cal. 1107–923 BC (UBA 22624). Due to damage, not much peat cover was remaining. The excavated elements were machine damaged from field surface exposure. The fragmentary remains consisted of closely placed, mainly N-S orientated ash, hazel and birch brushwood elements (max. L0.9m), covering an area 0.84–2.22m in width, with occasional E-W orientated elements noted. A total of eight worked ends were recorded, all of which were simple chisel points with slightly concave facets. Compiled by: Jane Whitaker/Femke Vleeshouwer Date of upload: 28/02/2020
- WM039-397 Road - class 2 togher
Description
This site was located in the industrial peatlands of Toar Bog. It was recorded in the 2013 Re-assessment Peatland Survey as a substantial plank and gravel road, orientated NNW–SSE, and located in the drain face at six sightings across ten production fields (Whitaker 2014). Two cuttings, as well as a slot trench, were opened and excavated under licence 14E0294. A fragment of ash was chosen for AMS dating, as well as two additional pieces of alder and ash. They returned different dates ranging from Bronze Age to Iron Age, suggesting that the site was in use and/or reused over a long period of time. The site was situated in Sphagnum peats of varying degrees of humification and decomposition. At the first cutting (WM-TOR064f, Photo 1) the upper surface of the trackway was composed of a mixture of split timbers (av. 2.19x0.25x0.12m), brushwood (av. L1.38m), pegs and fine sandy gravel. The split timbers were mainly oak though a single ash and single elm plank were also identified. The brushwood identified from this context was hazel. Underneath, a more ordered construction of split oak, alder and elm timbers (av. 2.07x0.13x0.09m), alder and holly brushwood (max. L0.81m), small stones and some natural wood was found. Several timbers contained mortice holes with intact in situ pegs. Over fifty pegs were found under this layer. These were mainly split oak pegs, as well as some roundwood pegs. They showed worked ends, with facets flat to concave in shape. At the second cutting (WM-TOR064a, Photo 2) the trackway consisted of four layers (W1.83-3.46m). The first two layers were composed of N-S orientated alder roundwood, timbers and oak planks, as well as pegs. Peaty gravel and large stones were interspersed with the wood. The lower two layers consisted of transversely laid oak timbers and roundwood pegs. The timbers showed radial and tangential splits. Some mortice holes were noted. An additional slot trench was excavated along the drain edge of Cutting 2. The upper surface of the togher (W3.2-3.65m) was composed of a mixture of brushwood, small stones and a single NE-SW orientated oak plank. Immediately underlying was a layer (W3.5-4.5m) containing split oak planks, wood fragments and coarse gravel and stones with associated pegs. The final layer was composed of fairly densely placed split oak and roundwood pegs, delineating the sides of the trackway. They were multi-faceted with mainly concave facets. Compiled by: Jane Whitaker/Femke Vleeshouwer Date of upload: 28/02/2020
- WM039-398 Structure - peatland
Description
This site was located in the industrial peatlands of Toar Bog. It was recorded in the 2013 Re-assessment Peatland Survey as a drain face sighting containing E-W orientated brushwood elements, two to three layers deep, overlain by N-S orientated brushwood 0.23m below the field surface (Whitaker 2014). A single cutting was opened and excavated under licence 14E0296. A fragment of ash was chosen for AMS dating and returned a result of cal. 411–283 BC (UBA 26628). The site was situated in almost completely undecomposed Sphagnum pool peat. It comprised of a hazel brushwood hurdle panel (L2.68m, W0.13-0.8m) that was truncated by the drain edge. It was composed of three NE–SW orientated elm and ash sails, with densely woven rods. A disperse scatter of four hazel and birch brushwood was uncovered in the SW extent of the cutting. This material may not be associated with the hurdle below and may represent later activity. Compiled by: Jane Whitaker/Femke Vleeshouwer Date of upload: 28/02/2020
- WM039-399 Structure - peatland
Description
This site was located in the industrial peatlands of Toar Bog. It was recorded in the 2013 Re-assessment Peatland Survey as located in the same drain face and immediately above the northern extent of WM-TOR064f. It was composed of a thin layer of tightly packed light brushwood elements that appeared to be located in the base of a small pool (Whitaker 2014). A single cutting was opened and excavated under licence 14E0295. A fragment of ash was chosen for AMS dating and returned a result of cal. 356–110 BC (UBA 26627). The excavated site measured 1.8–2.00m in width and 3.2m in length. It was situated in poorly humified Sphagnum pool peat. The structure was composed of a fairly dense arrangement of N-S orientated brushwood. The elements consisted of hazel, ash and alder, and were in a moderate to good condition. Three worked ends were noted and recorded. They were worked to chisel, wedge and a pencil point with flat facets. The site had no apparent form or structure, and it is possible that its purpose was to fill an open pool. Compiled by: Jane Whitaker/Femke Vleeshouwer Date of upload: 28/02/2020
- WM039-400 Road - class 3 togher
Description
This site was located in the industrial peatlands of Toar Bog. It was recorded in the 2013 Re-assessment Peatland Survey as a substantial transversely laid roundwood togher orientated NE-SW, exposed on the field surface, and traced for a length of 26m. The upper transverse elements were closely placed. These were supported on longitudinal roundwood runners placed at either end of the transverses, with a third underneath the central part of the transverses (Whitaker 2014). A single cutting was opened and excavated under licence 14E0293. A fragment of birch was chosen for AMS dating and returned a result of cal. 183–46 BC (UBA 26625). The site was situated in Spaghnum peat, although little was remaining covering the structure. The togher (W2.4-4.1m) was composed of closely placed transversely laid roundwood, split roundwood and timbers, the ends and central portion of which were supported by longitudinal runners. The elements were alder and birch, mainly in poor condition, and most were fractured along their length. A scatter of brushwood supporting elements was noted amongst the longitudinal runners. A total of 27 worked ends were noted which were a combination of chisel and wedge points. All had flat facets. Compiled by: Jane Whitaker/Femke Vleeshouwer Date of upload: 28/02/2020
Designated sites: National Parks and Wildlife Service. Recorded monuments: Sites and Monuments Record, National Monuments Service. Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Works at or in relation to a recorded monument need two months' written notice to the National Monuments Service (National Monuments (Amendment) Act 1994, section 12).
Homes sold
Property Price Register
No address of the register names Rathgarrett with five sales or more. The sales of the area are on the page of Co. Westmeath.
The townland
- Name
- Rathgarrett
- Area
- 10,470,231 m² (1,047.02 ha, 2,587.25 acres)
- Civil parish
- Newtown, and its townlands
- Barony
- Fartullagh
- Electoral division
- Ballykilmore, the unit of the census
- Neighbouring townlands
- Ballykilmore, Bunsallagh (Co. Offaly), Derrycoffey (Co. Offaly), Garrane, Killavally, Montrath, Newcastle, Pallasboy, Rahincuill
- Placenames
- Rathgarrett on logainm.ie, the Placenames Database of Ireland
Townlands, civil parishes, baronies and electoral divisions, National Statutory Boundaries, Tailte Éireann, CC BY 4.0. A townland is the smallest land division of Ireland, and the unit of a rural address; old registers such as the 1901 and 1911 censuses file it under its civil parish and barony.