Kilpatrick
Kilpatrick is a townland in the civil parish of Brinny, barony of Kinalmeaky, Co. Cork. Its name in Irish is Cill Phádraig.
- Area
- 453.2 ha
- 1,120 acres
- Land parcels
- 84
- registered freehold, median 4,417 m² (0.44 ha, 1.09 acres)
- Zoning
- G3
- Greenbelt1
- Planning
- 83
- applications since 2010
Land parcels
Registered freehold land, Tailte Éireann
84 registered freehold parcels lie mostly in Kilpatrick, from 29 m² to 613,804 m² (61.38 ha, 151.67 acres). The dashed line is the townland's boundary. 26 neighbouring parcels touch it.
Download the townland as DXF, in Irish Transverse Mercator metres, with its boundary, parcels and buildings, or as GeoJSON or KML.
Zoning
Development plans, national zoning
- G3Greenbelt1 (Conservation, amenity or buffer space, corridor/belt, landscape)
Cork County Development Plan 2022, Cork County · 53 parcels The zoning objective in the plan
Source: Tailte Éireann and the Department of Housing (MyPlan), national zoning, CC BY 4.0.
Planning applications
Sites that touch the townland, newest first
24 Nov 2025Grant with conditions
Permission for the construction of detached domestic garage.
Permission · Cork County Council, 25/6562
29 Nov 2024Conditional permission
Permission for retention and continued use of existing processing plant and related water management system, the existing concrete plant, ancillary buildings (site office 63 sq.m), 3 no. welfare portacabins (32 sq.m, 23.5s q.m & 22.0 sq.m), 4 no. storage buildings/containers (15 sq.m, 10 sq.m, 6 sq.m & 5 sq.m), 2 no. garages (76 sq.m & 76 sq.m), ESB Substation (26 sq.m), covered vehicle storage (220 sq.m), site access and all related ancillary facilities (wheelwash, fuel storage tank, weighbridge etc), permitted under Pl.Reg.No. S/02/1023), all for a duration of 10 years. 2) Permission for proposed development comprising removal of existing disused fuel storage tanks, recycling of c.15,000 tonnes of concrete for use in concrete production, importation of 25,000 tonnes of sand & gravel for processing, importation of c. up to 20,000 tonnes of soil and stone per year (under Article 27) for phased site restoration with a revised phasing plan and completion of restoration of the overall site to agricultural use. Permission is sought for eight years plus two years final restoration, total of 10 years. All within an application area of c.21.4 hectares.
Permission for retention · Cork County Council, 24/6269
7 Oct 2024Incompleted application
1) Permission for retention and continued use of the existing processing plant and related water management system, the existing concrete plant and ancillary buildings, site access and all related ancillary works/facilities (wheel wash, bunded fuel storage with hydrocarbon interceptor, weighbridge, etc.) permitted under Pl.Reg.No. S/02/1023), all for a duration of 10 years. 2) Permission for proposed development comprising recycling of c. 15,000 tonnes of concrete for use in concrete production, importation of 25,000 tonnes of sand & gravel for processing, importation of c. up to 20,000 tonnes of soil and stone per year (under Article 27) for phased site restoration with a revised phasing plan, and completion of restoration of the overall site to agricultural use. Permission is sought for eight years plus two years for final restoration, total of 10 years. All within an application area of c. 21.4 hectares.
Permission · Cork County Council, 24/5882
24 Jul 2024Conditional permission
Permission for retention of the conversion of existing double garage to carer’s bedroom suite and new detached double garage, and Permission for the construction of new accessible entrance porch and ramp.
Permission for retention · Cork County Council, 24/5411
25 Apr 2024Application withdrawn
The proposed development will comprise an extension (extraction area c. 10.8 hectares) of the existing sand & gravel pit (Pl.Ref.No. S/02/1023); completion of extraction within the existing sand & gravel pit; continuance of use of the existing processing plant and related water management system; continuance of use of the existing concrete plant and ancillary buildings; continuance of use of existing access; importation of c. 180,000 tonnes of inert soil and stone for site restoration; recycling of c. 15,000 tonnes of concrete for use in concrete production; phased restoration of the overall site to agricultural use; and all related ancillary works/facilities within an application area of c. 35.7 hectares. Permission is sought for eight years plus two years for final restoration (total duration of ten years). The planning application will be accompanied by an Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIAR).
Permission · Cork County Council, 24/4712
15 Mar 2023Conditional
Permission for the retention of the following works : a) a front porch and side sunroom extension to an existing dwelling, b) a detached domestic garage, c) all ancillary site works
Retention · Cork County Council, 23/4477
14 Oct 2022Withdrawn
The proposed development will comprise an extension (extraction area c. 10.8 hectares) of the existing sand & gravel pit (planning ref. S/02/1023); completion of extraction within the existing sand & gravel pit; continuance of use of the existing processing plant and related water management system; continuance of use of the existing concrete plant and ancillary buildings; continuance of use of the existing access; importation of c. 180,000 tonnes of inert soil and stone for site restoration; recycling of c. 15,000 tonnes of concrete for use in concrete production; phased restoration of the overall site to agricultural use; and all related ancillary works / facilities within an application area of c. 35.7 hectares. Permission is sought for eight years plus two years for final restoration (total duration of ten years). The planning application will be accompanied by an Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIAR).
Permission · Cork County Council, 22/6313
5 Sept 2022Incompleted application
The proposed development will comprise an extension (extraction area c. 10.8 hectares) of the existing sand & gravel pit (planning ref. S/02/1023); completion of extraction within the existing sand & gravel pit; continuance of use of the existing processing plant and related water management system; continuance of use of the existing concrete plant and ancillary buildings; continuance of use of the existing access; importation of c. 180,000 tonnes of inert soil and stone for site restoration; recycling of c. 15,000 tonnes of concrete for use in concrete production; phased restoration of the overall site to agricultural use; and all related ancillary works / facilities within an application area of c. 35.7 hectares. Permission is sought for eight years plus two years for final restoration (total duration of ten years). The planning application will be accompanied by an Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIAR).
Permission · Cork County Council, 22/6009
7 Jul 2022Incompleted application
The proposed development will comprise an extension (extraction area c. 10.8 hectares) of existing sand & gravel pit (planning ref. S/02/1023); continuance of use of processing plant and related water management system; continuance of use of the existing concrete plant and ancillary buildings; continuance of use of the existing access; importation of c. 180,000 tonnes of inert soil and stone fore site restoration; recycling of c. 15,000 tonnes of concrete for use in concrete production; phased restoration of the overall site to agricultural use; and all related ancillary works/facilities within an application area of c. 35.7 hectares. Permission is sought for eight years plus two years final restoration (total duration of ten years). The planning application will be accompanied by an Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIAR).
Permission · Cork County Council, 22/5590
16 Feb 2022Unconditional
1. Demolition of existing agricultural building to include machinery & general store, cubicle, slatted and straw bedded livestock housing, 2. Construction of 2 no. agricultural buildings for storage of agricultural machinery & dry goods, straw and feed, 3. Construction of agricultural building to include cubicle & straw bedded livestock housing along with slatted slurry storage tanks, along with associated site works. Extension of Duration to Permission granted under Planning Ref. No. 16/5490
Extension of duration · Cork County Council, 22/4321
21 Jun 2021Conditional
Alterations and extensions to dwelling house including (A) to demolish existing flat roof extension, (B) to construct ground floor extension and first floor extension, (C) to install new sewerage treatment system and decommission existing septic tank and all associated site works.
Permission · Cork County Council, 21/5711
12 Jan 2021Conditional
To construct a dwelling house and domestic garage along with all associated site works.
Permission · Cork County Council, 21/4028
7 Oct 2020Refused
To demolish ruin of dwelling and permission to construct dwelling and associated site works. Permission is also sought to demolish and rebuild porch of adjacent dwelling (owned by parents of one of the applicants) and permission to replace parents existing septic tank with proprietary treatment unit. Permission is sought to lower part of boundary wall of this site.
Permission · Cork County Council, 20/6186
1 Sept 2020Incompleted application
To demolish ruin of dwelling and permission to construct dwelling and associated site works. Permission is also sought to demolish and rebuild porch of adjacent dwelling (owned by parents of one of the applicants) and permission to replace parents existing septic tank with proprietary treatment unit. Permission is sought to lower part of boundary wall of this site.
Permission · Cork County Council, 20/5893
8 Apr 2020Conditional
The demolition of a derelict building and all associated site works to be carried out within the curtilage of a Recorded Protected Structure, ID Number 00618, namely School (former Church of Ireland school), in the townland of Brinny.
Permission · Cork County Council, 20/4720
20 Feb 2019Conditional
Construction of domestic garage and all associated site development works on site of dwellinghouse under construction under Pl. Reg. No. 17/5504
Permission · Cork County Council, 19/4384
22 Sept 2017Conditional
Construction of a single dwellinghouse with attached granny flat, a site entrance, a private well, the installation of a septic tank and percolation area, and all ancillary works
Permission · Cork County Council, 17/6453
14 Jun 2017Conditional
Permission for dwelling house, wastewater treatment system and all associated site development works.
Permission · Cork County Council, 17/5504
16 Mar 2017Unconditional
Erection of 1 no. 500 KW wind turbine (hub height 45 metres), construction of a 25 square metre electrical sub-station, site access road and ancillary works - Extension of duration of permission granted under Planning Reg. No. 10/8695
Extension of duration · Cork County Council, 17/4630
17 Jan 2017Conditional
Retention of an existing 24 metre telecommunications support structure carrying antennae and associated equipment shelter, fenced compound and access track. The development will continue to form part of Vodafone Irelands Ltd’s existing GSM and 3G/4G Broadband telecommunications network.
Retention · Cork County Council, 17/4062
17 Jun 2016Conditional
1. Demolition of existing agricultural building to include machinery & general store, cubicle, slatted and straw bedded livestock housing, 2. Construction of 2 no. agricultural buildings for storage of agricultural machinery & dry goods, straw and feed, 3. Construction of agricultural building to include cubicle & straw bedded livestock housing along with slatted slurry storage tanks, along with associated site works.
Permission · Cork County Council, 16/5490
11 May 2016Conditional
Retention of the construction of a cattle house with slurry tanks and concrete aprons
Retention · Cork County Council, 16/5117
7 May 2015Conditional
Construction of dwelling and detached domestic garage
Permission · Cork County Council, 15/4950
30 Apr 2015Conditional
Construction of two-storey dwelling incorporating the remains of the existing ruinous dwelling, garage, wastewater treatment plant, vehicle access and all associated site development works
Permission · Cork County Council, 15/4893
24 Apr 2015Incompleted application
Construction of a two-storey dwelling incorporating the remains of the existing ruinous dwelling, garage, waste water treatment plant, vehicle access and all associated site development work
Permission · Cork County Council, 15/4843
The 25 most recent of 83 applications.
Source: National Planning Applications, Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Applicants are not shown.
Nature and heritage
Designated sites and recorded monuments
Designated sites
- Proposed Natural Heritage Area: Bandon Valley Above Inishannon 001740
Recorded monuments
- CO096-057 Ringfort - rath
Description
In pasture, on S bank of Sall river. Arc of bank marked on 1st. ed. O.S.map, survives as gentle scarp. This monument is depicted as a circular earthwork and is named 'Danes Fort' on a map entitled - 'Survey of the Bandon and Western Districts in the baronies of Killinamakey, East Carbery, Musgerry, Barrets and Barryroe and County of Cork. The estate of his Grace the Duke of Devonshire by Bernard Scalé, 1775'. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
- CO096-058 Ringfort - rath
Description
In pasture, on N-facing slope of E-W ridge. Circular enclosure (diam. c. 32m) on OS 6-inch map (1842). No visible surface trace. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
- CO096-078 Burial ground
Description
Tradition of burial ground and cill in field known as "Tadg na Reilige" (Ó Ríordáin 1934, 20). No visible surface trace. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
- CO096-082 Souterrain
Description
Gogan (1929, 4) records single chamber with ope at one end, 300 yards fromBrother's or Brodar's Fort. According to local information, the ground collapsed under weight of machinery, SW of levelled ringfort (CO096-058---) near Brothersfort House c. 40 years ago. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
- CO096-096 Fulacht fia
Description
On gentle W-facing slope; oval spread (8m NW-SE; 6m NE-SW) of burnt material in ploughed field. Stream to W. Four similar spreads in same field (CO096-097---; CO096-098---; CO096-099---; CO096-100---). The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
- CO096-097 Fulacht fia
Description
On gentle W-facing slope; spread (16m NW-SE; 7m NE-SW) of burnt material in ploughed field. Stream to W. Four similar spreads in same field (CO096-096---; CO096-098---; CO096-099---; CO096-100---). The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
- CO096-098 Fulacht fia
Description
On gentle W-facing slope; spread (20m NW-SE; 10m NE-SW) of burnt material in ploughed field. Similar adjacent spread (CO096-099); further three similar spreads in same field (CO096-096---; CO096-097---; CO096-100---). Stream to W. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
- CO096-099 Fulacht fia
Description
On gengle W-facing slope; spread (10m NW-SE; 9m NE-SW) of burnt material in ploughed field. Adjacent similiar spread (CO096-098---); further three similar spreads in same field (CO096-096---; CO096-097---; CO096-100). Stream to W. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
- CO096-100 Fulacht fia
Description
On gentle W-facing slope. Oval spread (14m NE-SW; 12m NW-SE) of burnt material in ploughed field. Four similar spreads in same field (CO096-096---; CO096-097---; CO096-098---; CO096-099---). Stream to W. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
- CO096-101 Fulacht fia
Description
In ploughed field; roughly circular spread (6m N-S; 5m E-W) of burnt material to S of stream. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
- CO096-103001 Souterrain
Description
In tillage, on a slight NE-facing slope. This souterrain was discovered in 1994 when the ground collapsed during beet harvesting. The collapsed opening (diam. 0.75m) revealed a circular earth-cut shaft (D c. 1.5m) at the base of which a narrow creepway opened to the NE. Further investigation was not possible due to inaccessibility. In 2000 the only visible evidence of the souterrain was a slight N-S depression (6m N-S; 1.2m E-W; D 0.15m). The above description is derived from 'The Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 5' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 2009). Date of upload: 22 December 2009
- CO096-108001 Ringfort - rath
Description
In pasture, on a SE-facing slope, c. 350m from the Brinny River to the E and c. 450m from the Bandon River to the S. Indicated as a circular 'Danes Fort' on a 1775 map (no. 37) by B. Scalé (private collection). It is not visible at ground level but the curving field boundary to the E appears to respect the rath. Although currently the field boundary consists of a low earthen bank which falls c. 1.5m to a lane, it may have been altered when the lane was constructed. According to a former landowner, a 'fort' called 'lissie wither' was known at this location and was subsequently levelled. During ploughing at the location a horse's leg is reported to have gone into a 'little tunnel' which ran NE towards Rockfort, the neighbouring townland opposite the Brinny River. This may be a possible souterrain (CO096-108002-) associated with the rath. The above description is derived from 'The Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 5' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 2009). Date of upload: 22 December 2009
- CO096-108002 Souterrain
Description
In a rath (CO096-108001-). According to local information there is a possible souterrain associated with this rath. It is remembered locally that the ground collapsed when the field was being ploughed with horses and a 'little tunnel' was revealed. The above description is derived from 'The Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 5' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 2009). Date of upload: 22 December 2009
- CO096-109 Ringfort - rath
Description
In pasture, on a W-facing slope. Indicated as a circular 'Danes Fort' on a 1775 map (no. 37) by B. Scalé (private collection). It is not visible at ground level, though a gentle rise on the upslope to the E may be the edge of a levelled rath. The above description is derived from 'The Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 5' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 2009). Date of upload: 22 December 2009
- CO097-049 Metalworking site
Description
In N bank of Bandon river, just SW of Downdaniel Bridge and Castle (3397; 3057). Part of English East Indian Company Iron Works, in use from 1610s -1640s (O'Sullivan 1988, 7-14). Overgrown U-shaped mound (8m NE-SW; 6mNW-SE), open to NE, c. 8m SE of very steep overgrown slope (cut into gravel). Mound best preserved to SW end (max. H 2m); external stone facing on SW arm; NW arm (ext. H 5m). NE wall no longer survives; possibly remains of blast furnace. Remains of circular, iron basin (diam. 1.06m; H 0.6m) set into ground at N corner. Wedge-shaped enclosure (35m NE-SW) to NE defined by steep slope to NW, and stone wall to NW. Iron slag and vitrified stone visible in field (known locally as Castle garden) to NE. Two leats to NW near Kilpatrick railway tunnel may be associated with site. (see McCracken 1957, 128) The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
- CO097-072 Inscribed stone
Description
Discovered 1890 in field known as the "Garden", west of Downdaniel Castle(3057) (Gillman 1897, 321). Gillman describes the stone as 'two and a half feet high' and 'carved on one side with a double interlaced cross and on the other with a human face above a long plain cross' and also suggeststhat it 'may have formed a burial'. The stone is now set into the wall of an outhouse NW of Downdaniel Bridge and on W bank of Brinny River and only one side is visible. This has an incised representation of a human head and the outline of a long garment. A line from the chin to the hemline forms the shaft of a Latin cross somewhat suggestive of medieval 'head-slabs'.(Hunt 1974, ) The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 1: West Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1992). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009
Architectural heritage
- House, 1930–1950 · Regional interest
Description
Detached four-bay single-storey house, built c.1940, having flat-roofed extension to rear (north-west). Pitched pantile roof with rendered chimneystacks and cast-iron rainwater goods. Rendered walls throughout. Square-headed window openings with render sills and six-over-six pane timber sliding sash windows. Tripartite window to central bay having six-over-six and two-over-two pane timber sliding sash windows. Square-headed door opening with replacement glazed timber door and rendered stepped approach. Rendered square-profile gate piers to entrance.
- Gate lodge, 1810–1850 · Regional interest
Description
Detached hexagonal-plan gate lodge, built c.1830, with extension to west elevation. Currently vacant. Pyramidal slate roof with rendered chimneystack. Rubble stone walls. Pointed arch window openings with cut limestone sills, fixed timber windows and dressed stone voussoirs. Pointed arch door opening to east face having dressed stone voussoirs and timber battened door. Angled rendered piers and wrought-iron gates with cut limestone wheel guards to associated gate.
- Worker's house, 1810–1850 · Regional interest
Description
Pair of semi-detached three-bay single-storey former workers' houses, built 1830, having extensions to rear (north-west). Pitched slate roofs with rendered chimneystacks and uPVC rainwater goods. Rubble stone walls. Square-headed window openings with tripartite windows with two-over-two and one-over-one pane timber sliding sash windows to north-eastern house and replacement windows to south-western house. Segmental-headed openings to recessed porches, having brick voussoirs. Square-headed door openings to porches having glazed timber doors, side lights and limestone thresholds.
- Kilpatrick House, gate lodge, 1860–1900 · Regional interest
Description
Detached three-bay two-storey gate lodge, built c.1880, having gabled half-dormer windows to front (south-east) and lean-to extension to rear (north-west). Pitched slate roof having terracotta ridge cresting with end finials, timber bargeboards to gables, rendered chimneystack and cast-iron rainwater goods. Rendered walls throughout. Square-headed window openings with rendered sills, having replacement timber casement windows to front elevation and one-over-one pane timber sliding sash windows to side (north-east) elevation. Square-headed door openings with glazed timber door to front elevation and timber battened door to rear. Square-profile rendered gate piers and walls with cast-iron gates.
- Tunnel, 1845–1855 · Regional interest
Description
Railway tunnel, built 1849-50, having ashlar limestone entrance with round-headed arch. Brick lined interior.
Designated sites: National Parks and Wildlife Service. Recorded monuments: Sites and Monuments Record, National Monuments Service. Buildings: National Inventory of Architectural Heritage. Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Works at or in relation to a recorded monument need two months' written notice to the National Monuments Service (National Monuments (Amendment) Act 1994, section 12).
Ground and risks
Radon, landslides, flooding
- Radon
- At the centre of the townland of Kilpatrick, about 1 in 10 homes in this area is likely to have high radon levels. Testing a home
- Landslides
- The 1:50,000 map rates the landslide susceptibility here as high, moderately high, moderately low, low, partly inferred.
- Terrain model
- No LiDAR survey of the Office of Public Works covers the centre of the townland of Kilpatrick.
- Flooding
- The Office of Public Works publishes its flood maps on floodinfo.ie.
Radon Risk Map of Ireland, Environmental Protection Agency, and Landslide Susceptibility Classification, Geological Survey Ireland, both under CC BY 4.0. LiDAR: contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey Ireland & the Office of Public Works) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence.
Homes sold
Property Price Register
- Kilpatrick, Bandon6 sales
The townland
- Name
- Kilpatrick · Cill Phádraig
- Area
- 4,531,819 m² (453.18 ha, 1,119.84 acres)
- Civil parish
- Brinny, and its townlands
- Barony
- Kinalmeaky
- Electoral division
- Brinny, the unit of the census
- Census 2022
- 666 people lived in 232 households in the Brinny electoral division. 85% of households owned their home. 30% of homes were built since 2001. 7% of dwellings stood vacant on census night, and 2% were holiday homes.
- Neighbouring townlands
- Ardnaclug, Brinny, Callatrim, Curranure, Kilbeg North, Kilbeg South, Kilmore, Littlesilver, Rockfort, Skevanish
- Placenames
- Kilpatrick on logainm.ie, the Placenames Database of Ireland
Townlands, civil parishes, baronies and electoral divisions, National Statutory Boundaries, Tailte Éireann, CC BY 4.0. Census 2022, Small Area Population Statistics by electoral division, Central Statistics Office, CC BY 4.0. A townland is the smallest land division of Ireland, and the unit of a rural address. Old registers such as the 1901 and 1911 censuses file it under its civil parish and barony.