Knockainy West

166 registered freehold parcels lie mostly in Knockainy West, from 81 m² to 311,886 m² (31.19 ha, 77.07 acres). The dashed line is the townland's boundary; 48 neighbouring parcels touch it.

Download the townland: DXF, in Irish Transverse Mercator metres, with its boundary, parcels and buildings; GeoJSON or KML.

No zone of a development plan covers Knockainy West in the national zoning. Outside zoned towns and villages, the county development plan's rural policies apply to each application.

Source: Tailte Éireann and the Department of Housing (MyPlan), national zoning, CC BY 4.0.

• 10 Aug 2026N/a

  a 10-year planning permission for the development of a solar farm on a site of 210 hectares consisting of the following: 843,000 sqm of solar photovoltaic panels on ground mounted steel frames; 29 no. hardstanding locations used for electrical skids; 3 no. electrical plant rooms; new internal access tracks; underground power and communications cables and ducts, including along the R513 and L1509 public roads; new access points from the R513, R516, L1509 and L51309 public roads, and upgrades to existing access points from the L1507, L1509 and L51309 public roads; landscaping and biodiversity enhancement measures; security gates; boundary fencing and all associated ancillary development, site works and services. The solar farm will be operational for 40 years. The planning application is accompanied by a Natura Impact Statement. This development is covered by the provisions of the Renewable Energy Directive III (Directive (EU) 2023/2413) and it is important to note that the planning application may be subject to section 34D of the Planning and Development Act 2000, as amended. When a notice issues in accordance with section 34D(b), the provisions of article 26A of the Planning and Development Regulations 2001 to 2025 shall apply

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2660918

• 30 Mar 2026Conditional

  the construction of a dwelling house, waste water treatment system and percolation area, entrance and all ancillary site works

  Permission, 1 home · Limerick County Council, 2660364

• 5 Dec 2025Conditional

  the development will comprise retention of existing domestic garage with carport and associated site works

  Retention · Limerick County Council, 2561282

• 10 Jul 2025Conditional

  the renovation and extension of a derelict dwelling with elevational changes to the existing dwelling, new wastewater treatment system and polishing filter, new site entrance and boundary treatment with all associated site works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2560683

• 23 Oct 2024Refused

  Extension of Permission for Planning Ref. No. 19/437: extensions to existing school with resource/multi sensory room, staff room, new class room and relocation of portocabin and all associated site works. A new pre school building, playground, carparking, access road, vehicle entrance, treatment plant, and all associated site works.

  Extension of duration · Limerick County Council, 247020

• 24 Oct 2022Conditional

  cattle underpass, effluent tank and all associated concrete works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 221142

• 17 Jun 2022Conditional

  the construction of a dwelling house, proprietary waste water treatment system and percolation area, entrance, garage and all ancillary site works(reference no. of outline permission 21/262)

  Permission consequent, 1 home · Limerick County Council, 22682

• 5 Mar 2021Conditional

  a dwelling, entrance, garage, boundary walls, installation of septic tank or polishing filter and all associated site works

  Outline permission · Limerick County Council, 21262

• 28 Aug 2020N/a

  and completion of horse stables and the retention and completion of a power and pump house

  Retention · Limerick County Council, 20844

• 12 Aug 2020Conditional

  the construction of an equine feeding shed, adjoining exercise yard, a haybarn and all associated site works within the curtilage of a Protected Structure, Country House B40(19)

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 20788

• 4 Jun 2020Conditional

  the construction of extensions to the sides & rear of existing dwelling house to include rooms at first floor level, alterations to elevations including porch, new replacement domestic waste water treatment system with polishing filter together with all associated site works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 20460

• 7 May 2020Conditional

  an as constructed extension to the rear of existing house together with all associated site works, creation of new entrance and block up existing entrance and installation of new wastewater treatment system

  Retention · Limerick County Council, 20368

• 23 Aug 2019Conditional

  construction of a dormer type dwelling, entrance, garage, wastewater treatment system and percolation area, and ancillary works

  Permission, 1 home · Limerick County Council, 19837

• 3 May 2019Conditional

  extensions to existing school with resource/multi sensory room, staff room, new class room and relocation of portocabin and all associated site works. A new pre school building, playground, carparking, access road, vehicle entrance, treatment plant, and all associated site works.

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 19437

• 18 Apr 2019N/a

  a new pre school building, playground, carpark, treatment plant, vehicle entrance, access driveway and all associated site works. Extension to existing school consists of a new staff room and new class room and all associated site works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 19383

• 19 Feb 2019Conditional

  a slatted unit for cattle, farmyard manure store and ancillary concrete works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 19143

• 6 Jun 2018Conditional

  construction of a new dwelling house, waste water treatment system, polishing filter, bored well, entrance and all ancillary site works

  Permission, 1 home · Limerick County Council, 18564

• 8 Dec 2017Conditional

  elevational changes to dwelling house and garage as built, all previously granted under planning ref 04/2370

  Retention, 1 home · Limerick County Council, 171146

• 19 May 2017Conditional

  retention permission of 1no. Residential and 1no Commercial Physiotherapy room. The total area to be retained is 64.5sqm. Residential area to be retained is 36.4sqm & commercial area to be retained is 28sqm

  Retention · Limerick County Council, 17454

Source: National Planning Applications, Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Applicants are not shown.

Designated sites

No designated site (Special Area of Conservation, Special Protection Area, Natural Heritage Area or proposed one) touches the townland of Knockainy West.

Recorded monuments

• LI032-131 Ringfort - rath
  Description

  Described by O'Kelly (1944, 22) as following; 'A circular platform with a bank at its edge. The W. half has been partially levelled. Westropp gives its measurements as 108' [33m] E-W and 125' [38m] N-S, but in fact the monument is circular and the overall diameter is 190' [58m]. The entrance seems to have been on the E. side where the fosse is causewayed. The max. height of the bank over the fosse-bottom is about 15' [4.5m]. It is situated on the highest point of the west shoulder of Knockainy. Westropp on insufficient evidence identifies it as the Síd of Eoghabal or the fort called Dun Cliach repaired by Brian Boru'. In 2004 this monument was described as following; 'This circular earthen feature crowns the summit of the western side of the hill. It has a maximum diameter of 60m east-west. A substantial bank survives to a height of approximately 2m above interior ground level on the northern and southern sides. It is 8m wide at the north, composed of a mixture of earth and stone. The enclosing ditch averages 8m in width and is up to 1.5m deep. A 7m-wide entrance occurs on the eastern side. A field boundary traverses the interior of the monument, which is otherwise featureless. The size and proportions of this site suggest that it may be a ringwork dating from the medieval period' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 348/18 taken 05/01/2003; 303/26 and 303/27 taken 13/09/2002.

• LI032-134 Standing stone
  Description

  Standing stone described by O'Kelly (1944, 22) as following; 'A well shaped limestone pillar situated high up on the S. side of Knockainy. It is 4' 7" [1.4m] high and measures 1' [0.3m] by 7" [0.17m] at the base'. In 2004 this monument was described as following: 'This standing stone is 1.5m high and rectangular in plan, measuring 0.2m by 0.3m at its base' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019

• LI032-135001 Ringfort - cashel
  Description

  Described by O'Kelly (1944, 22) as following; 'A circular stone rampart from 7' [2.1m] to 10' [3m] thick, built with a facing inside and out of large stones with a rubble core. There is no fosse. The entrance seems to have been on the E. side. On the outside of the fort and from the N. side of the entrance, a length of ancient fence runs out and turns southward continuing till it comes to the edge of the rock plateau on which the fort is built. The height of the rampart is 2' 6" [0.76m] to 3' [0.9m], and the overall diameter is 125' [38m]. In the neighbourhood of the fort ancient fences are visible'. In 2004 this cashel was described as 'Downslope from the previous example [LI032-136----], this site is almost circular in plan, measuring 35m north-south internally. The enclosing stone bank contains evidence of coursing, but no entrance was noted. The interior of the site is uneven, but no definite features could be discerned. Also located on the same limestone terrace as the above examples are a series of stone and earth banks, as well as several subcircular enclosures, with other smaller ancillary enclosures attached. Other assorted field banks and small enclosures occur in the vicinity, but no definite pattern could be observed' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photographs ASIAP – 344/15 date taken 05/01/2003; 304/24 and 25 taken on 13/08/2002.

• LI032-135002 Ringfort - cashel
  Description

  Small stone enclosure listed as Knockainy West 3 and described by Grogan (1989, 286) as a small circular-shaped area (max. dims. 15m x 10m). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 09 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photographs ASIAP – 344/15 date taken 05/01/2003; 304/24 and 304/25 taken on 13/09/2002.

• LI032-135003 Ringfort - cashel
  Description

  Small stone enclosure listed as Knockainy West 2 and described by Grogan (1989, 286) as a small circular-shaped area (max. dims. 15m x 10m) defined on S side only by a double kerbed wall. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 09 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photographs ASIAP – 344/15 date taken 05/01/2003; 304/24 and 304/25 taken on 13/09/2002.

• LI032-136 Ringfort - cashel
  Description

  Stone fort described by O'Kelly (1944, 22) as following; 'A small fort consisting of a circular bank surrounding an open space. The rampart, now 2' 6" [0.76m] high, is very collapsed and the entrance is not recognisable. Overall diameter 108' [33m]. Ancient fences are visible in its vicinity'. In 2004 this cashel was described as following; 'This oval enclosure measures 25m east-west and is surrounded by a stone bank. Its slightly dished interior is featureless. A possible entrance feature occurs at the south' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photographs ASIAP – 348/15, 16, 17 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-137 Enclosure
  Description

  Rectangular-shaped enclosure described by O'Kelly (1944, 22) as following; 'A rectangular structure now very collapsed and situated on the S. slope of Knockainy. Three of its walls remain, but the fourth side has been obliterated in the building of a modern fence. The N. and E. walls are of large carefully placed limestone blocks, while the south side is marked by an earthen bank. All remain to a height of about 3' [0.9m]. The entrance is not recognisable. It measures overall 66' [20m] by 42' [12.8m]'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 09 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 304/25 taken on 13/09/2002.

• LI032-138 Hut site
  Description

  Possible house site described by O'Kelly (1944, 22) as following; 'This may be a hut site or an animal enclosure. It is on the S. slope of Knockainy. It consists of a rectangular level space which is bounded on the N.W. and S.E. sides by walls built of single rows of stones. The N.E. side is formed from the natural rock of the higher part of the hill, which has been quarried out to a depth of about 3' [0.9m], while the S.W. side seems to have been closed by an earthen bank. The entrance is on the S.E. side and is 7' [2.1m] wide and 13' [4m] from the S. corner. The jambs on each side of the ope are of large stones 1' 6" [0.45m] high. It measures overall 36' [11m] by 30' [9m]. There are many ancient fences in its vicinity'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 09 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 304/25 taken on 13/09/2002.

• LI032-139 Hillfort
  Description

  The presence of a rampart on the W side of Knockainy Hill and which may have formed part of the enclosing element of a hillfort was described by O'Kelly (1944, 21) as following; 'Between the 300' and 400' contour lines on the W. slope of Knockainy, there is a bank which runs round the hill almost parallel to them. It is of earth and stones and parts of it have the appearance of the bank of a fort or that of an ancient fence, but at other points where the stones are clearly visible, it looks like a modern wall. Both ends of it fade into modern walls. This slope of the hill was at one time a plantation of trees and was cut off from the rest of the hill by stone walls. The plantation is practically gone and so are the walls, but it is possible that what now looks like an ancient bank is merely the remains of one of these walls. On the east shoulder of the hill there is a run of ancient fence, which lies between the 400' and 500' contours, but is not parallel to them, and though it is possible that it is part of the hill fort, it seems more likely to be just one of the many ancient field fences which abound on this slope of the hill'. In 2004 a section of a rampart on the N side of Knockainy Hill possibly belonging to a hillfort was described as following: 'Some scholars suspect that a hillfort is present among the monuments on Knockainy Hill, but no remains have yet been positively identified. Possible ramparts may also be part of old field systems that can be traced on the hill. Aerial survey carried out by the North Munster Project in 1994 identified a possible portion of a rampart on the northern side of the hill. This feature has recently been levelled' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019

• LI032-139001 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  A group of five contiguous barrows (LI032-139001-/008-) on Knockainy Hill described in 2004 as following; 'A linear group of barrows is located to the west of Doonainy cairn [LI032-139005-] and towards the south-west end of the cursus monument [LI032-139007-]. It consists of five contiguous barrows, four of which are marked on the OS maps and arranged in a line in a north-south direction. All of the barrows are contained within the banks of the cursus, but it is difficult to determine whether portions of the banks of the barrows are built on top of or against the cursus banks. The first [LI032-139001-], most southerly example, 28m in diameter, consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing a 15m-wide inner mound. The second barrow [LI032-139002-] is partially obscured by a field fence. It measures 25m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing an 11.5m-wide inner mound. The third barrow [LI032-139003-] is partially obscured by the same field fence. It shares its bank with the fourth and northernmost barrow [LI032-139004-]. The bank and internal ditch enclose an 11m-wide inner mound. The fourth barrow is named 'Carn of Uainide' on the OS map. Its eastern perimeter is obscured by a field fence. The monument is 20m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing an 11m-wide inner mound. Barrow 5 [LI032-139008-], a previously unrecorded barrow, lies directly to the east of 'Carn of Uainide'. It consists of a central domed circular mound, 11 m in diameter, enclosed by a ditch, best preserved on its southern side. The outer bank appears to have been completely levelled, but on its western side it would have been contiguous with 'Carn of Uainide', from which it is now separated by a field fence' (Condit and Coyne 2004). These barrows were described by O'Kelly (1944, 21) as following; 'A short distance to the W. of the tumulus [LI032-139005-] there are four ring-barrows. They lie close together in a line running N.S. The three southern barrows are low mounds surrounded by fosses, while the northern monument had a higher mound and seems to have had an outer bank between which and the mound there was a fosse. A large portion of it has been dug away—much of the mound and almost all of the bank. The overall diameter is 60' [18.3m], the mound itself being 18' [5.5m] approx., and 4' [1.2m] high. The overall diameters of the other monuments vary between 66' [20m] and 75' [23m] and the heights are from 3' [0.9m] to 4' 6" [1.4m]. Westropp without much evidence to support his claim, identifies these sites as the habitations of Uainide, Eoghabal, Áine, and Fer Fi, legendary figures connected with the hill of Knockainy'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 06 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 304/26 taken on 13/09/2002; 348/2 and 348/13 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-139002 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  A group of five contiguous barrows (LI032-139001-/008-) on Knockainy Hill described in 2004 as following; 'A linear group of barrows is located to the west of Doonainy cairn [LI032-139005-] and towards the south-west end of the cursus monument [LI032-139007-]. It consists of five contiguous barrows, four of which are marked on the OS maps and arranged in a line in a north-south direction. All of the barrows are contained within the banks of the cursus, but it is difficult to determine whether portions of the banks of the barrows are built on top of or against the cursus banks. The first [LI032-139001-], most southerly example, 28m in diameter, consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing a 15m-wide inner mound. The second barrow [LI032-139002-] is partially obscured by a field fence. It measures 25m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing an 11.5m-wide inner mound. The third barrow [LI032-139003-] is partially obscured by the same field fence. It shares its bank with the fourth and northernmost barrow [LI032-139004-]. The bank and internal ditch enclose an 11m-wide inner mound. The fourth barrow is named 'Carn of Uainide' on the OS map. Its eastern perimeter is obscured by a field fence. The monument is 20m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing an 11m-wide inner mound. Barrow 5 [LI032-139008-], a previously unrecorded barrow, lies directly to the east of 'Carn of Uainide'. It consists of a central domed circular mound, 11 m in diameter, enclosed by a ditch, best preserved on its southern side. The outer bank appears to have been completely levelled, but on its western side it would have been contiguous with 'Carn of Uainide', from which it is now separated by a field fence' (Condit and Coyne 2004). These barrows were described by O'Kelly (1944, 21) as following; 'A short distance to the W. of the tumulus [LI032-139005-] there are four ring-barrows. They lie close together in a line running N.S. The three southern barrows are low mounds surrounded by fosses, while the northern monument had a higher mound and seems to have had an outer bank between which and the mound there was a fosse. A large portion of it has been dug away—much of the mound and almost all of the bank. The overall diameter is 60' [18.3m], the mound itself being 18' [5.5m] approx., and 4' [1.2m] high. The overall diameters of the other monuments vary between 66' [20m] and 75' [23m] and the heights are from 3' [0.9m] to 4' 6" [1.4m]. Westropp without much evidence to support his claim, identifies these sites as the habitations of Uainide, Eoghabal, Áine, and Fer Fi, legendary figures connected with the hill of Knockainy'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 06 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 304/26 taken on 13/09/2002; 348/2 and 348/13 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-139003 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  A group of five contiguous barrows (LI032-139001-/008-) on Knockainy Hill described in 2004 as following; 'A linear group of barrows is located to the west of Doonainy cairn [LI032-139005-] and towards the south-west end of the cursus monument [LI032-139007-]. It consists of five contiguous barrows, four of which are marked on the OS maps and arranged in a line in a north-south direction. All of the barrows are contained within the banks of the cursus, but it is difficult to determine whether portions of the banks of the barrows are built on top of or against the cursus banks. The first [LI032-139001-], most southerly example, 28m in diameter, consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing a 15m-wide inner mound. The second barrow [LI032-139002-] is partially obscured by a field fence. It measures 25m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing an 11.5m-wide inner mound. The third barrow [LI032-139003-] is partially obscured by the same field fence. It shares its bank with the fourth and northernmost barrow [LI032-139004-]. The bank and internal ditch enclose an 11m-wide inner mound. The fourth barrow is named 'Carn of Uainide' on the OS map. Its eastern perimeter is obscured by a field fence. The monument is 20m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing an 11m-wide inner mound. Barrow 5 [LI032-139008-], a previously unrecorded barrow, lies directly to the east of 'Carn of Uainide'. It consists of a central domed circular mound, 11 m in diameter, enclosed by a ditch, best preserved on its southern side. The outer bank appears to have been completely levelled, but on its western side it would have been contiguous with 'Carn of Uainide', from which it is now separated by a field fence' (Condit and Coyne 2004). These barrows were described by O'Kelly (1944, 21) as following; 'A short distance to the W. of the tumulus [LI032-139005-] there are four ring-barrows. They lie close together in a line running N.S. The three southern barrows are low mounds surrounded by fosses, while the northern monument had a higher mound and seems to have had an outer bank between which and the mound there was a fosse. A large portion of it has been dug away—much of the mound and almost all of the bank. The overall diameter is 60' [18.3m], the mound itself being 18' [5.5m] approx., and 4' [1.2m] high. The overall diameters of the other monuments vary between 66' [20m] and 75' [23m] and the heights are from 3' [0.9m] to 4' 6" [1.4m]. Westropp without much evidence to support his claim, identifies these sites as the habitations of Uainide, Eoghabal, Áine, and Fer Fi, legendary figures connected with the hill of Knockainy'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 06 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 304/26 taken on 13/09/2002; 348/2 and 348/13 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-139004 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  A group of five contiguous barrows (LI032-139001-/008-) on Knockainy Hill described in 2004 as following; 'A linear group of barrows is located to the west of Doonainy cairn [LI032-139005-] and towards the south-west end of the cursus monument [LI032-139007-]. It consists of five contiguous barrows, four of which are marked on the OS maps and arranged in a line in a north-south direction. All of the barrows are contained within the banks of the cursus, but it is difficult to determine whether portions of the banks of the barrows are built on top of or against the cursus banks. The first [LI032-139001-], most southerly example, 28m in diameter, consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing a 15m-wide inner mound. The second barrow [LI032-139002-] is partially obscured by a field fence. It measures 25m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing an 11.5m-wide inner mound. The third barrow [LI032-139003-] is partially obscured by the same field fence. It shares its bank with the fourth and northernmost barrow [LI032-139004-]. The bank and internal ditch enclose an 11m-wide inner mound. The fourth barrow is named 'Carn of Uainide' on the OS map. Its eastern perimeter is obscured by a field fence. The monument is 20m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing an 11m-wide inner mound. Barrow 5 [LI032-139008-], a previously unrecorded barrow, lies directly to the east of 'Carn of Uainide'. It consists of a central domed circular mound, 11 m in diameter, enclosed by a ditch, best preserved on its southern side. The outer bank appears to have been completely levelled, but on its western side it would have been contiguous with 'Carn of Uainide', from which it is now separated by a field fence' (Condit and Coyne 2004). These barrows were described by O'Kelly (1944, 21) as following; 'A short distance to the W. of the tumulus [LI032-139005-] there are four ring-barrows. They lie close together in a line running N.S. The three southern barrows are low mounds surrounded by fosses, while the northern monument had a higher mound and seems to have had an outer bank between which and the mound there was a fosse. A large portion of it has been dug away—much of the mound and almost all of the bank. The overall diameter is 60' [18.3m], the mound itself being 18' [5.5m] approx., and 4' [1.2m] high. The overall diameters of the other monuments vary between 66' [20m] and 75' [23m] and the heights are from 3' [0.9m] to 4' 6" [1.4m]. Westropp without much evidence to support his claim, identifies these sites as the habitations of Uainide, Eoghabal, Áine, and Fer Fi, legendary figures connected with the hill of Knockainy'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 06 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 304/26 taken on 13/09/2002; 348/2 and 348/13 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-139005 Mound
  Description

  Doonainy Cairn on Knockainy Hill described by O'Kelly (1944, 21) as following; 'This occupies the highest point of the E. shoulder of Knockainy hill. The N.E. quadrant of the mound has been badly damaged by efforts to dig it away or to find treasure. It measures 70' [21m] N-S and 45' [13m] E-W and seems to have been built of earth and stones. The height is about 7' [2.1m]. Westropp gives its diameter as between 48' [14.6m] and 55' [16.7m] and its height as 11' [3.3m]. It is difficult to decide exactly where the edge of the mound lies, and by taking the edge sufficiently far out one could find a height of 11' [3.3m]. Westropp also mentions a faintly marked enclosure and a fainter circular hollow adjoining the tumulus. The enclosure seems to be part of an ancient field, and the hollow seems to be a natural depression on the hill. The same author suggests that this is the cairn of Áine, but there would not appear to be much evidence for this identification. It is called Dunainy on the O.S. map'. An OS trig. station marking the spot height of 537ft. [163m] is marked at this location on the 1840 ed. OS 6-inch map. The cairn was described in 2004 as following; 'On the eastern summit of the hill at a height of 162m, this grass-covered cairn attains a maximum height of 2.5m, measuring 12m east-west by 20m north-south. The body of the cairn has been damaged by quarrying. A possible second cairn may be the result of localised quarrying. Nearby are the remnants of low field walls' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 304/26 taken on 13/09/2002; 348/2 and 348/13 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-139006 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  In upland pasture, on a spot height (524ft/160m) which is located 60m ENE of a mound ‘Doonainy’ (LI032-139005-) which crowns the summit (537ft/164m) of Knockainy and the archaeological complex which consists of five contiguous ring-barrows (LI032-139001-/02-/03-/04/08-). A cursus leading to the group of ring-barrows lies 115m to N. Not depicted on OSi historic maps. Identified by Grogan (1989, 234) as a ring-barrow which he labelled as 'Knockainy West 7’. Monument is visible as a subcircular-shaped earthwork on oblique aerial photograph (ASIAP 348, 2). Not visible on OSi orthoimages taken 2005-2012, or on Digital Globe orthoimages taken 2011-2013 or on Google Earth orthoimages taken 25/03/2017 or 20/09/2020. See attached Google Earth orthoimage and ASIAP (348, 2). Compiled by: Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly Date of upload: 9 November 2020 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 304/26 taken on 13/09/2002; 348/2 and 348/13 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-139007 Cursus
  Description

  Cursus monument on N side of Knockainy Hill which is clearly visible on oblique aerial photographs (CUCAP AVT019/020) taken 20/07/1968 which shows the earthen banks of the cursus running onto a group of five contiguous ring-barrows (LI032-139001-/004-) on the summit of Knockainy Hill. The cursus was described in 2004 as following; 'The cursus monument, stretching down the northern flank of the hill for a distance of approximately 750m, consists of two parallel banks, c. 9m in width and 0.5m in height, separated by a distance of 80m. There is no trace of a terminal at the south-west end of the cursus, where the bank fades out near the crest of the hill. This monument is likely to date from the Neolithic period and may be one of the earliest monuments on the hill. As one progresses up the cursus close to the summit of the hill, one looks directly to the south-west in the direction of the Paps of Anu' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 06 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 304/26 taken on 13/09/2002; 348/2 and 348/13 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-139008 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  A group of five contiguous barrows (LI032-139001-/008-) on Knockainy Hill described in 2004 as following; 'A linear group of barrows is located to the west of Doonainy cairn [LI032-139005-] and towards the south-west end of the cursus monument [LI032-139007-]. It consists of five contiguous barrows, four of which are marked on the OS maps and arranged in a line in a north-south direction. All of the barrows are contained within the banks of the cursus, but it is difficult to determine whether portions of the banks of the barrows are built on top of or against the cursus banks. The first [LI032-139001-], most southerly example, 28m in diameter, consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing a 15m-wide inner mound. The second barrow [LI032-139002-] is partially obscured by a field fence. It measures 25m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing an 11.5m-wide inner mound. The third barrow [LI032-139003-] is partially obscured by the same field fence. It shares its bank with the fourth and northernmost barrow [LI032-139004-]. The bank and internal ditch enclose an 11m-wide inner mound. The fourth barrow is named 'Carn of Uainide' on the OS map. Its eastern perimeter is obscured by a field fence. The monument is 20m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing an 11m-wide inner mound. Barrow 5 [LI032-139008-], a previously unrecorded barrow, lies directly to the east of 'Carn of Uainide'. It consists of a central domed circular mound, 11 m in diameter, enclosed by a ditch, best preserved on its southern side. The outer bank appears to have been completely levelled, but on its western side it would have been contiguous with 'Carn of Uainide', from which it is now separated by a field fence' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 06 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 304/26 taken on 13/09/2002; 348/2 and 348/13 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-140001 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  Conjoined barrows described in 2004 as following; 'This pair of contiguous barrows lies c. 200m to the south-east of Doonainy cairn [LI032-139005-]. The northernmost barrow (barrow 6), 46m in overall diameter, consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing a 19m-wide inner mound. A 9m-wide circular mound is located in the north-western quadrant of the central platform. This is the largest barrow on Knockainy Hill. The southern barrow (barrow 7) is bisected by a field fence. It measures 39m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing a 21m-wide circular inner mound' (Condit and Coyne 2004). This barrow was described in 1944 as following; 'On the S.E. slope of the E. shoulder of Knockainy the O.S. map shows what seems to be a large barrow. On the ground practically no trace remains, as the monument has been almost obliterated. Its overall diameter seems to have been about 100' [30m]' (O'Kelly 1944, 21). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019

• LI032-140002 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  Conjoined barrows described in 2004 as following; 'This pair of contiguous barrows lies c. 200m to the south-east of Doonainy cairn [LI032-139005-]. The northernmost barrow (barrow 6), 46m in overall diameter, consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing a 19m-wide inner mound. A 9m-wide circular mound is located in the north-western quadrant of the central platform. This is the largest barrow on Knockainy Hill. The southern barrow (barrow 7) is bisected by a field fence. It measures 39m in diameter and consists of a bank and internal ditch enclosing a 21 m-wide circular inner mound' (Condit and Coyne 2004). This barrow was described in 1944 as following; 'is now nearly obliterated. The overall diameter seems to have been about 100' [30m]' (O'Kelly 1944, 22). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019

• LI032-141002 Castle - unclassified
  Description

  One of two castles (LI032-141003-) in the village of Knockainy, depicted as a tower house type structure standing inside a bawn wall (LI032-141014-) on the 1654-7 Down Survey map of Knockainy parish annotated 'Black Castle' (NLI MS 718). Annotated 'Desmond Castle' on the 1837 ed. OS 6-inch map. The Urban Survey of Limerick (Bradley et. al. 1989, 179) recorded the following about Desmond Castle in Knockainy; 'This may have been the castle mentioned in 1199 as being granted to John de Grey (Westropp 1906-7, 181). It is described in 1583 as being completely ruined but that it had a stone wall and a 'balne' (ibid., 182). It is mentioned again in 1655 when it was called the Black Castle to distinguish it from the White castle (LI032-141003-) to the east (ibid). The site was on high ground close to the Camoge River but no trace of it now survives'. The 'Towne Green' is annotated on the Down Survey map which shows it located in the field immediately to the W of the church ruins (LI032-141004-) and 'Black Castle' (LI032-141014-) (NLI, MS 718). Westropp (1906-7, 182-3) recorded the following about Desmond Castle in Knockainy; '1583 Awney Manor, the C[astle]. there entirely ruined, except the stone wall, with a great enclosure called the balne [bawn], a water-mill, upon the rivulet of Comocke," &c. (Des. R., 4). 1589 Confirmed to Edw. and the other children of late Capt. W. Apsley (Fi. 5347). 1627 Held in fee by F. Fitton, "the C[astle]. and walls" (Inq. Chan., 42, 191). 1655 Fawancasland, near the hill of Aney, held by Thady Grady, sold to Ric. Coote (B.D., p. 119) with Burgess Lands. " The other C[astle]." and mills held by Jas. and Dermod Grady (C.S., xxxi., p, 6). The "Black C[astle]." shown to the east, the "White C[astle]." to the west, of Aney (D.S.A., 31, 33). 1688 J. Baggot, of Aney (Trustee Map, "21"). 1703 The hill of Aney, late estate of Jas. FitzGerald, purchased by Alderman B. Burton. Fabric - The "Desmonds," or "Black Castle," or "East Court," now levelled. FitzGerald calls it the noble ruins of a castle on the river, erected by the Earls of Desmond (vol. i., p. 307)'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 26 April 2019

• LI032-141003 Castle - tower house
  Description

  One of two castles (LI032-141002-) in the village of Knockainy, depicted as a tower house type structure on the 1654-7 Down Survey map of Knockainy parish annotated 'White Castle' (NLI MS 718). Annotated 'Knockainy Castle' on the 1837 ed. OS 6-inch map. According to the Ordnance Survey name Books this castle was built by Matthew O'Grady, steward to the Earl of Desmond in the year 1500 and had fallen into decay around 1700 AD and in 1840 was the residence of a weaver (OSNB, Knockainey Parish). The Urban Survey of Limerick (Bradley et. al. 1989, 179-81) recorded the following about Knockainy Castle also known as 'White Castle'; 'This 15th/16th century four storeyed tower house is built of coursed limestone masonry with limestone window and door jambs. The masonry is roughly dressed internally as well as externally and there is a basal batter on all walls. It is partly overgrown with ivy and the roof and wall-walk are missing. There is a pointed barrell vault over the third floor but the remaining floors (which would have been of wood) are missing. The entrance, on the east, is through a pointed door with a yet hole in the jamb, recesses for a bar, hanging eye, a spud stone for the door, and a murder hole above. There is a small vaulted chamber to the south, lit by narrow flat lintelled windows splayed internally and externally, and a stairwell, with spiral stairs lit by narrow slits, in the north-east angle. The chamber was lit from north and south by narrow flat lintelled slits set in wide embrasures. The south one is now partly blocked but had a wall cupboard in the east splay, and may have functioned at some period as a fireplace as there is a flue in the arch above, while the north one is rebuilt as a modern doorway. There is a wall cupboard in the east end of the south wall and there are low round arched recesses in the north and west walls. Entrance to the first floor, which has two chambers, is through a shouldered (Carnarvon) door. The main chamber has a round barrel vault over the east end; the reminder of the room having a timber roof. This room was lit from the south by a flat lintelled window set in a wide embrasure which may have had window seats. It would also appear to have been re-used as a fireplace since there is a flue in the south-west corner of the window arch and the window is partly blocked. A similar window occurs in the west wall and a door in the south splay provides access to a garderobe chamber. This chamber has a ledge in the wall over the garderobe for a wooden seat. The north wall has a wall-cupboard in the west end and a single-light ogee-headed window with rounded rear arch with wicker-work centering. The small chamber on the east is entered through a shouldered door; it has a pointed barrell vault and is lit from the east and south by splayed flat lintelled slits. The second floor also has two chambers. The east chamber is lit from the east and south by narrow ogee-headed windows with flat, rear arches and recessed undecorated spandrels. There is a wall cupboard in the south end of the east wall. The west chamber which is the larger room was lit from the south west and north by similar windows with wall cupboards in the west end of the north and south walls. The third floor is approached via the spiral stairs and a flat lintelled passage which runs through the thickness of the north and west walls. The passage was lit by splayed flat lintelled slits and had single and double gun loops and a wall cupboard. The third floor also has two chambers on different levels. That on the east is unroofed and was lit from east and south by splayed, probably twin-light, windows. Mullions and arches are missing. The west chamber was reached by an internal wooden stairs from the east chamber. It was lit from the south a by a flat arched window but this is covered by ivy'. Westropp (1906-7, 432) recorded the following details about Knockainy Castle; 'It had three stories, the lowest vaulted, 22 feet [6.7m] by 13½ feet [4m] inside, 40 feet [12.2m] high, with walls 7 feet [2.1m] thick. 300 yards to the east was the "Court" (LI032-141002-) of the Earls lying to the south of the river. Tradition says it was built by the Earl's steward, Matthew O'Grady, while Desmond was abroad. (Dowd 1896, 88 ; O.S.L., 9, p. 269 ; and FitzGerald, vol. i., 307). This monument is subject to a preservation order made under the National Monuments Acts 1930 to 2014 (PO no. 50/1937). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 26 April 2019

• LI032-141004 Church
  Description

  Medieval church in the village of Knockainy, depicted as a ruinous structure on the 1654-7 Down Survey map of Knockainy parish (NLI MS 718). The church of Anye [Knockainy] is mentioned in the year 1227 when, 'The Prior of Lanthony [Wales] the 1st attorned Brother Richard, his canon, and Philip Walensis, in a plaint before the justiciary of Ireland, between William FitzRobert and Juliana his wife, and the Prior, touching the advowson the church of Anye' (Cal. doc. Ire., entry No. 1555). In 1355/6 the patent Rolls recorded the 'commission to Eustace Haket and Richard Chaumbirleyn, vicar of Any, of custody of the temporalities of the bishopric of Lismore' (Patent Roll 29 Edward III; RCH55/12). In 1374 a letter to the sheriff of Limerick stated that 'William, bp [Bishop] Emly, informed the K. by his letters that William Lyn, formerly vicar of Any in his diocese, and David Browery for a quarter year and more were condemned for heretical pravity by the said bishop, because of which their goods and chattels—which were extended at £28 0s 11d by an inquisition taken before the said bishop' (Close Roll 48 Edward III, RCH 88/95). In 1557 a pardon was granted to 'Cornelius O'Cailte of Any' who is listed as a priest (Nicholls 1994, 311). The 'Towne Green' is annotated on the Down Survey map which shows it located in the field immediately to the W of the church ruins (LI032-141004-) and 'Black Castle' (LI032-141014-) also known as 'Desmond Castle' (NLI, MS 718). Only the W tower of the medieval church of Knockainy remains upstanding, his tower appears to have been refaced and modified in the 19th century when a steeple was added to the top of the existing tower. At this time a new church was constructed immediately to the N of the bell-tower. This church was deconsecrated in 1999 and was restored by Knockainey Historical and Conservation Society in 2007. According to the Ordnance Survey letters the parish church of Knockainy was said to 'have been built in the year 1400' (OSL, Knockainey Parish). The Urban Survey of Limerick (Bradley et. al. 1989, 181-2) recorded the following about the parish church of Knockainy; 'The suggestion that this occupies the site of an Augustinian house (Westropp 1904-5, 448) seems to stem from confusion between Knockainy and the Hospital of Any (LI032-147002-), or Hospital as it is known today (Gwynn and Hadcock 1970, 303). There is an old tower on the site which is probably not earlier than the 18th century'. Westropp (1904-5, 448) recorded the following details about Knockainy Church; Fabric - It is said to date from 1400. The chancel undertaken by Sir Tho. Browne, 1615. The nave was then roofed. It was in good repair, 1840. The R. C. church was built 1836'. 19th century St. John's Church of Ireland Church stands in W quadrant of Knockainy graveyard (LI032-141005-) with bell-tower of earlier church immediately to SE in centre of graveyard. A stone plaque incorporated into the W gable of the church recorded that the present church was built in 1861. In 1942 the following was recorded about a crucifixion slab (LI032-141007-) on the wall of the bell-tower which was described as following; 'On the front of the steeple was a slab, bearing a rude representation of the crucifixion. Slab is presently housed in lower portion of steeple' (ITA Survey 1942). St. John's Church described by the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage [NIAH] as a 'Freestanding Gothic Revival style Church of Ireland church, built in 1860, with tower and steeple of earlier church adjacent, built before 1762. Freestanding three-stage square-plan crenellated tower to south-east having limestone octagonal spire, dating to eighteenth century' (www.buildingsofireland.ie/ Reg. No. 21903233). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 26 April 2019

• LI032-141005 Graveyard
  Description

  Post-1700 church stands on site of medieval church of Knockainy in centre of rectangular-shaped graveyard (approx. dims. 58m N-S x 81m E-W) enclosed by a post-1700 stone wall with entrance gate at W. St. Mary's Well (LI032-141010-) located S of graveyard wall. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 26 April 2019

• LI032-141006 Graveslab
  Description

  Late 16th century graveslab which marked the burial place of Mathew Grady of Knockainey Castle (LI032-141003-) which was moved from the graveyard and inserted into the internal face of the S wall of the bell-tower of St. John's Church (LI032-141004-) during the 19th / 20th century. Originally the graveslab was located in Knockainey graveyard (LI032-141005-) where it was described in 1840. In this year the Ordnance Survey recorded the following; 'In the graveyard, which is of the same age as the church (LI032-141004-), there has been found a tombstone belonging to the O'Grady family and bearing the date 1592' (OSNB, Knockainey parish). The Urban Survey of Limerick (Bradley et. al. 1989, 182) recorded the following about the 16th century graveslab built into the internal face of the S wall of the bell-tower in Knockainy graveyard (LI032-141005-); 'Grave slab 1592 Rectangular. Fossiliferous limestone. Attached to the internal south wall of the tower. It has a marginal inscription in false relief Roman lettering: ORATE PRO ANI/ ABVS MATHEI GRADY ET IOHANEI NI AEDN VXORS EIVS CVI ME FIERI FERERVNT 16 OCT/ OBRIS AO 1592 Dims: L. 207cm W. 106cm T. 18cm (min)'. Described by Rev. Seymour as following; 'In the belfry of the older church (all now remaining) are two carved stones. A large slab, with inscription running round the edge in raised letters, the centre being blank. It is built perpendicularly into the wall' (Seymour 1907-9, 398). See attached drawing of graveslab taken from Seymour 1907-9, 398. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 26 April 2019

• LI032-141007 Crucifixion plaque
  Description

  The Urban Survey of Limerick (Bradley et. al. 1989, 182) recorded the following about a 17th century crucifixion plaque in Knockainy graveyard (LI032-141005-); 'Crucifixon plaque. 17th cent. A limestone panel, which may have come from a table tomb, is in the porch of the church. Christ is shown in the centre in relief in a recessed panel flanked by two shallower panels inscribed with an IHS and phaeons. His feet rest on a third IHS. This slab is said to have had an inscription in memory of the Countess of Bath. Dims: H. 63cm W. 66.5cm T. 13cm. Described by Rev. Seymour as following; 'In the belfry of the older church (all now remaining) are two carved stones 'A small square one with our Lord crucified. The letters I.H.S. are cut on it three times, and under two of them is a pheon. This stone originally bore an inscription to the memory of Rachel, Countess of Bath, who resided at Doon Castle, and built and endowed the church at Loughgur. A former rector, apparently disliking the wording of this inscription, had it broken off, and it is not now to be found' (Seymour 1907-9, 398). A similar crucifixion slab to the one described above is now standing up against the E wall inside St. John's Church. It is similar but not the same as the one described above by Seymour and appears to have possibly been one of the end panels of a table tomb with the other end panel described above now missing. The present slab contains a crucified Christ on the Cross carved in false relief on a central recessed panel with I H S and cross rising from the H beneath the feet of Christ. The crucified figure is flanked on either side by a Christogram carved in false relief that is set into a recessed panel. The Christogram consists of an I H S with the H surmounted by a cross with three nails below. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 12 June 2019

• LI032-141008 Graveslab
  Description

  The Urban Survey of Limerick (Bradley et. al. 1989, 182) recorded the following about a 17th century cross-slab in Knockainy graveyard (LI032-141005-); "17th century cross slab. This rectangular limestone slab, which is cracked, is on the ground to the east of the church and tower. It has an eight armed fleur-de-lis cross on steps with a chequer-board pattern. There is no inscription. Dims: L. 222cm W. 93cm T. 18cm (min). Described by Rev. Seymour as following; 'In the churchyard is an uninscribed slab, with a late eight-point cross running down the centre, the arms terminating in a Fleur-de-lys' (Seymour 1907-9, 398). Late 16th/ early 17th century recumbent floriated graveslab located 9m E of the bell-tower of St. John's Church (LI032-141004-) in Knockainy graveyard (LI032-141005-) and 6.4m N of 17th century chest tomb/altar (LI032-141013-). Rectangular slab decorated with an eight-armed ringed cross with central roundel and fleur-de-lis terminals carved in false relief rising from a stepped base decorated with a chequerboard pattern. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 26 April 2019

• LI032-141009 Graveslab
  Description

  Seventeenth century graveslab set into the floor of the chancel at the E end of St. John's Church. The Urban Survey of Limerick (Bradley et. al. 1989, 183) recorded the following about a 17th century graveslab in Knockainy graveyard (LI032-141005-); 'Grave-slab. 1622 This is said to be in the church just outside the communion rails. It is inscribed in relief: A.F.I.B/ F.F.I.L./ 1622/ NOBILITAS VIRTU PIETAS HEU MAGNA MEORUM HOC PARVO PATRUM NUNC JACET IN TUMULO ELOQUIUM FORTUNA TUI CLARISSIMA GOULDSWORTH FORMA SOLI PROBITAS GLORIA SOLA JACET CUR PLORAS PROLES FAELIX CUM TE TUA TERRIS ALMA DABAM GENITRIX ET TUA FACTA POLO. A church, a window and a dog chasing a stag were said to be carved on the stone. Not seen'. This graveslab was described in 1942 as following; 'Set into floor, near communion table in Protestant Church (LI032-141004-) is a huge stone slab, with Latin inscription raised letters, bearing date 1622. There are also rude carvings of birds and animals' (ITA Survey 09/11/1942). Described by Rev. Seymour as following; 'In the floor just outside the communion rails in the modern church is a stone bearing the following inscription in raised Letters': A F I B- NOBILITAS VIRTUS PIETAS HEU MAGNA MEORUM F F I L- HOC PARVO PATRUM NUNC JACET IN TUMULO 1622 ELOQUIUM FQRTUNA TUI CLARISSIMA GOULDSWORTH FORMA SOLI PROBITAS GLORIA SOLA JACET CUR PLORAS PROLES FAELIX CUM TE TUA TERRIS ALMA DABAM GENITRIX ET TUA FACTA POLO Between the fourth and fifth lines are cut some conventional figures, amongst which may be recognized a representation of a church window, and a dog chasing a stag. The meaning of the eight letters in the top left-hand corner is not clear' (Seymour 1907-9, 398). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 26 April 2019

• LI032-141010 Ritual site - holy well
  Description

  The Urban Survey of Limerick (Bradley et. al. 1989, 183) recorded the following about St. Mary's Well; St. Mary’s well is located in the field to the south of the church.' Ó Danachair (1955, 216) recorded that 'This well has disappeared and its former existence is known to very few in the district'. Described in 1944 as following; 'This well stood outside the wall of the old Catholic church. It has been closed in and all devotion has ceased. It is called St. Mary's Well on the O.S. map' (O'Kelly 1944, 23). No surface remains visible. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 26 April 2019

• LI032-141011 Clapper bridge
  Description

  Site of clapper (claperium meaning pile of stones) bridge over the Camoge River at the NE side of the village of Knockainey annotated as 'Cloghaunainy' (Clochán Áine) on the current ed. OS 6-inch map and as 'Stepping Stones' on the 1840 ed. OS 6-inch map. Only a few stones possibly belonging to this clapper bridge remains visible above the water of the Camoge River. The bridge was described in 1917 as following; 'This interesting structure spans the Camoge River near the village. It is attributed to Áine, the daughter of an early Munster king. From her the parish and the adjoining hill are named; the bridge also preserves her name, being known as Clochaunainey: the impressions of her footsteps are pointed out on the stones. The arrangement of the bridge seems to show the way in which regular bridge building developed from the simpler stepping stones. The latter are usually large blocks placed in the stream, intervals to allow the water to run between. The next step would be to place flagstones from one another, so as to provide a continuous pathway. Clochaunainey shows a further step; for here small stones are used to support the flags, the weight of which is relied on to hold them in position against the force of the current. The flagstones used are from 12 to 14 inches [0.3-03.5m] thick, and the largest is 8 feet 3 inches [2.5m] in length by 6 feet 3 inches [1.9m] in breadth. About a hundred and twenty yards lower down, the river into a wide channel, and there is a shallow ford (LI032-141012-) for vehicles. Near the centre of the ford three large stones are set upright in a line, so as to mark the position of the safe crossing in time of floods' (Crawford 1917, 82). According to O'Kelly (1944, 23) the bridge was removed in 1930 to make room for a modern bridge. O'Keeffe and Simington (1991, 73) recorded that the bridge 'was bypassed by a small reinforced concrete bridge in 1924 and removed under drainage works in 1931. It may have been rebuilt and improved over the centuries, but it is typical of what must have been the first type of stone bridge built in Ireland'. A local photograph of the upstanding bridge dating from 1924 shows the construction details of this structure (O'Keeffe and Simington 1991, 107). See attached plan and elevation of Knockainey Clapper Bridge taken from Crawford 1917. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 29 May 2019

• LI032-141012 Ford
  Description

  Crossing point over the Camoge River described by O'Kelly (1944, 23) as following; This ford was the crossing for animals and vehicles just below the primitive bridge (LI032-141011-), and was in use up to the time of the building of the modern structure [1930]. At that time the bed of the river was cleaned and deepened. In the centre of the ford before the cleaning there were three standing stones in a line across the river, which served to indicate the shallow part when the river was in flood. The stones still exist but are now completely on dry land. Marked Athnaneach on the O.S. map'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 29 May 2019

• LI032-141013 Altar
  Description

  17th century chest tomb/altar tomb possibly belonging to the Brown family standing in E quadrant of Knockainy graveyard (LI032-141005-) that was uncovered in 2012 during graveyard recording/clean up scheme. Plain undecorated ledger top with moulded cornicing on N face only which is decorated with fluted capitals either side of a central boss or roundels carved with the initials E.B and MFD. In between the roundels words have been incised which read 'NCIPI FIEDLIS AMPLE PROLES' the word PARENS carries around the edge of the ledger on the W side, there are no words carved into the E face of the ledger. The ledger does not match the sides of the tomb either in its size or through the carvings which appear to be mismatched suggesting that they may be two different monuments put together in the post 1700 period. The N facing side panel of the tomb or altar is decorated with two images separated by fluted ionic columns. The capitals on the ledger do not match the columns on the side panels suggesting that they belong to two different monuments. The carving on the side panel to the E contains a Crucified Christ flanked on either side by the words ECCE HOMO and the date 1618 beneath. INRI can be seen above the cross with the words MEDIUM TENUERE BEATI [Blessed are those who keep a middle course?] around a banner beneath the Crucifixion. The armorial type shield to the W has an IHS with cross in middle with Latin inscription above and below the shield. The Ledger on top of the tomb does not appear to fit or match the body of the tomb. The S side of the tomb is not visible but appears to be partially damaged. The initials K G are visible on the E end panel and E B are visible on W end panel. Running along the base of the tomb there is a Latin Inscription which is partially legible and reads 'Ecce Modo ......Generous Erat'. The Knockainey Historical and Conservation Society have suggested that Sir Thomas Browne of Hospital who built the chancel of St. John’s Church in 1615 may constructed this altar tomb. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 30 April 2019

• LI032-141014 Bawn
  Description

  Black Castle (LI032-141002-) also known as Desmond Castle was depicted as a tower house type structure standing inside a bawn wall on the 1654-7 Down Survey map of Knockainy parish annotated 'Black Castle' (NLI MS 718). Annotated 'Desmond Castle' on the 1837 ed. OS 6-inch map. The Urban Survey of Limerick (Bradley et. al. 1989, 179) recorded the following about Desmond Castle in Knockainy; 'This may have been the castle mentioned in 1199 as being granted to John de Grey (Westropp 1906-7, 181). It is described in 1583 as being completely ruined but that it had a stone wall and a 'balne' [bawn] (ibid., 182). It is mentioned again in 1655 when it was called the Black Castle to distinguish it from the White castle (LI032-141003-) to the east (ibid). The site was on high ground close to the Camoge River but no trace of it now survives'. The 'Towne Green' is annotated on the Down Survey map which shows it located in the field immediately to the W of the church ruins (LI032-141004-) and 'Black Castle' (LI032-141014-) also known as 'Desmond Castle' (NLI, MS 718). Westropp (1906-7, 182-3) recorded the following about Desmond Castle in Knockainy; '1583 Awney Manor, the C[astle]. there entirely ruined, except the stone wall, with a great enclosure called the balne [bawn], a water-mill, upon the rivulet of Comocke," &c. (Des. R., 4). 1589 Confirmed to Edw. and the other children of late Capt. W. Apsley (Fi. 5347). 1627 Held in fee by F. Fitton, "the C[astle]. and walls" (Inq. Chan., 42, 191). 1655 Fawancasland, near the hill of Aney, held by Thady Grady, sold to Ric. Coote (B.D., p. 119) with Burgess Lands. " The other C[astle]." and mills held by Jas. and Dermod Grady (C.S., xxxi., p, 6). The "Black C[astle]." shown to the east, the "White C[astle]." to the west, of Aney (D.S.A., 31, 33). 1688 J. Baggot, of Aney (Trustee Map, "21"). 1703 The hill of Aney, late estate of Jas. FitzGerald, purchased by Alderman B. Burton. Fabric - The "Desmonds," or "Black Castle," or "East Court," now levelled. FitzGerald calls it the noble ruins of a castle on the river, erected by the Earls of Desmond (vol. i., p. 307)'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 30 April 2019

• LI032-141016 Dovecote
  Description

  Medieval dovecote located inside the bawn (LI032-141014-) of Black Castle (LI032-141002-) also known as Desmond Castle. No surface remains visible of the castle, bawn or dovecote which stood on elevated ground on the W bank of the Camoge River. The 'Town Green' of the Manor of Aney [Knockainey] was located in the field immediately W of the Black Castle as depicted on the 1657 Down Survey map (NLI MS 718). The dovecote was described in the Desmond Survey of 1586 as following; 'A castle [LI032-141002-) there ruinous within except its stone walls with a large area or inclosure called in English "a Balne" [LI032-141014-) surrounded with a stony wall a dovecote within the precincts of the bawn (the wall and dovecote being in great decay)' (Murphy 2013, 151). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 12 June 2019

• LI032-142001 Barrow - unclassified
  Description

  Described by O'Kelly (1944, 22) as following; 'A circular platform surrounded by a fosse. Overall diameter 152' [46.3m], height 4' [1.2m]. The entrance is not recognisable. Centred on the E-W diameter and just inside the E. edge of the platform there is a ring-barrow [LI032-142003-]. This is a low mound surrounded by a fosse and has an overall diameter of 30' [9.1m]. Immediately to the S.E. of the platform is another barrow [LI032-142002-], similar in appearance, but having a diameter of 21' [6.4m]'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 09 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photographs ASIAP - 348/6, 348/9, 348/10 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-142002 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  Described by O'Kelly (1944, 22) as following; 'A circular platform [LI032-142001-] surrounded by a fosse. Overall diameter 152' [46.3m], height 4' [1.2m]. The entrance is not recognisable. Centred on the E-W diameter and just inside the E. edge of the platform there is a ring-barrow [LI032-142003-]. This is a low mound surrounded by a fosse and has an overall diameter of 30' [9.1m]. Immediately to the S.E. of the platform is another barrow [LI032-142002-], similar in appearance, but having a diameter of 21' [6.4m]'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 09 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photographs ASIAP - 348/6, 348/9, 348/10 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-142003 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  Described by O'Kelly (1944, 22) as following; 'A circular platform [LI032-142001-] surrounded by a fosse. Overall diameter 152' [46.3m], height 4' [1.2m]. The entrance is not recognisable. Centred on the E-W diameter and just inside the E. edge of the platform there is a ring-barrow [LI032-142003-]. This is a low mound surrounded by a fosse and has an overall diameter of 30' [9.1m]. Immediately to the S.E. of the platform is another barrow [LI032-142002-], similar in appearance, but having a diameter of 21' [6.4m]'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 09 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photographs ASIAP - 348/6, 348/9, 348/10 taken on 05/01/2003.

• LI032-230002 Enclosure
  Description

  On a gentle N-facing slope, in improved pasture, 20m NE of a townland boundary with Kilballyowen. Field system (LI032-230001-) lies 55m to W and enclosure (LI032-023002-) lies 60m to SE. Not depicted on OSi historic maps. Monument identified by the Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986 (Bruff 249: AP 5/2053) as an oval-shaped cropmark which is traversed by a field boundary running N-S, across the E sector. Monument is visible as an oval-shaped cropmark (40m N-S; 35m E-W) defined by a fosse and traversed by a field boundary running N-S, across the E sector, as seen on OSi orthoimage taken 2005-2012, on Digital Globe orthoimage taken 2011-2013 and on Google Earth orthoimage taken 20/09/2020. See attached Google Earth orthoimage and Bruff aerial survey image labelled 249 Compiled by: Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly Date of upload: 16 November

• LI032-230004 Enclosure
  Description

  On a gentle N-facing slope, in improved pasture, 15m E of a townland boundary with Kilballyowen. Field system (LI032-230001-) lies 130m to W, enclosure (LI032-023002-) 60m to NW and ringfort (LI032-131----) 150m to S. Not depicted on OSi historic maps. Monument identified by the Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986 (Bruff 252: AP 5/2053) as a semicircular-shaped cropmark from SW-W-N-NE. Levelled monument is visible as a very faint oval-shaped cropmark (44m E-W; 41m N-S) on OSi orthoimage taken 2005-2012. Although this cropmark is not visible on Google Earth orthoimage taken 20/09/2020, a large oval-shaped cropmark (54m E-W; 47m N-S) is visible to N and partially overlying the area of this monument. This may represent two different levelled enclosures of different periods. See attached Google Earth orthoimage and Bruff aerial survey image labelled 252 Compiled by: Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly Date of upload: 16 November

• LI032-238 Enclosure
  Description

  On a gentle NE-facing slope, in improved wet pasture, cut by land drains and watercourses, in the valley of the Camoge River, which is 775m to E. Enclosure (LI032-137----) located 285m to NNW. Not depicted on OSi historic maps. Monument identified by the Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986 (Bruff 259: AP 5/2073) as a circular-shaped cropmark. Monument is visible as a very faint circular-shaped cropmark (diam. 21m) defined by a narrow fosse, which is only readily visible on Digital Globe orthoimage taken 2011-2013. Not visible on Google Earth orthoimage taken 20/09/2020. A wet patch of ground is visible approx. 25m to E of this monument, as seen on OSi orthoimage taken 2005-2012, on Digital Globe orthoimage taken 2011-2013. See attached Google Earth orthoimage and Bruff aerial survey image labelled 259 Compiled by: Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly Date of upload: 17 November 2020 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 304/23 taken on 13/09/2002.

• LI032-296 Enclosure
  Description

  In rough pasture, 255m NE of a townland boundary with Correenfeeradda. Monument is situated between two cashels (LI032-135001/136----) which lie 25m to S and 45m to N, respectively. Not depicted on OSi historic maps. Shown on the 1897 ed. OS 25-inch map as an area of rock outcrop. Monument identified by the Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986 (Bruff 253: AP 5/2073) as a rectilinear-shaped enclosure which is open to S. A subrectilinear-shaped area (42m E-W; 25m N-S) defined by a bank is partially obscured by intermittent scrub, as seen on Digital Globe orthoimage taken 2011-2013 and on Google Earth orthoimage 25/03/2017. See attached Google Earth orthoimage and Bruff aerial survey image labelled 253 Compiled by: Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly Date of upload: 28 November 2020

• LI032-310 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  In improved, rough, wet pasture, cut by land drains and watercourses, 6m SW of a townland boundary with Knockainy East. Ring-barrow (LI032-311----) lies 2m to NW. Not depicted on OSi historic maps. Monument identified on aerial photograph (ASIAP 348, 7) taken 05/01/2003 where it is visible as a small circular-shaped earthwork. Upstanding monument is visible as a circular-shaped cropmark (diam. 13m) on OSi orthoimage taken 2005-2012 and on Google Earth orthoimage 05/04/2006. See attached Google Earth orthoimage and ASIAP (348, 7) Compiled by: Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly Date of upload: 29 November 2020

• LI032-311 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  In improved, rough, wet pasture, cut by land drains and watercourses, 65m SW of a townland boundary with Knockainy East. Ring-barrow (LI032-310----) lies 2m to SE. Not depicted on OSi historic maps. Monument identified on an aerial photograph (ASIAP 348, 7) taken 05/01/2003 where it is visible as a small circular-shaped earthwork. Upstanding monument is visible as a circular-shaped cropmark (diam. 11m) on OSi orthoimage taken 2005-2012 and on Google Earth orthoimage 05/04/2006. See attached Google Earth orthoimage and ASIAP (348, 7) Compiled by: Alison McQueen and Vera Rahilly Date of upload: 29 November 2020

• LI032-324 Barrow - ditch barrow
  Description

  In improved rough pasture 15m S of townland boundary with Knockainy East and 5m W of watercourse. Ring-barrow (LI032- 311----) lies 155m to SE. Not depicted on any OSi historic maps. Cropmark of circular-shaped area (diam. c. 6m) defined by a fosse visible on Google Earth orthoimage taken 05/04/2006. No surface remains visible on OSi orthophoto taken between 2005-12 or on Google Earth orthoimage dated 20/09/2020. See attached Google Earth orthoimage dated 05/04/2006 Compiled by: Martin Fitzpatrick Date of upload: 2 April 2021

• LI032-328 Pit
  Description

  Identified during archaeological testing associated with the construction of 4 dwelling houses in Knockainy village. Situated in pasture on W side of Camoge River with Tobernaglogh in NE corner of field adjacent to the W bank of the river. Archaeological testing undertaken by Brian Halpin under licence no. 07E385 (Halpin 2007) the results of which were summarised as following; ‘Three trenches were enacted through the site from east to west. The first trench at the southernmost area of the site proved negative for features or finds. The other two trenches proved positive for medieval disturbance. These features were isolated in the north-eastern area of the site. Three irregular-shaped shallow pits were uncovered which contained animal bone, charcoal and small sherds of medieval pottery. A fourth trench was then opened to determine the extent of the features. This trench contained disturbance and fill similar to the previously identified features and is believed to be the northernmost extent of the site. The majority of the finds were of a medieval nature, coming from the shallow pits. However, a polished stone axe was recovered from one of the trenches. This axe was not found in a secure context, rather it was found lying in the base of one of the trenches during the testing activity and is not believed to be associated with the medieval pits nor any other identified features. The site is therefore believed to be the remains of a series of shallow medieval refuse pits located in the north-east corner of the development. There are no features indicating any structural activity and they appear to be isolated refuse pits. There were no other features of an archaeological nature identified anywhere else on the development site during this investigation’ (Halpin 2010, 295; Halpin 2007). Compiled by: Martin Fitzpatrick Date of upload: 3 April 2021

• LI032-329 Standing stone
  Description

  Standing stone described in 2004 as following; 'This previously unrecorded stone is located c. 200m to the south-east of the barrow pair [LI032-140001-/002-]. It stands 1m high and is rectangular in plan, measuring 0.32m by 0.25m at its base' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019

• LI032-330 Standing stone
  Description

  In 2004 this possible standing stone was described as 'This stone, 1.45m long, was noted lying on the ground approximately 50m to the east of the ringwork [LI032-131----]. Its original position is unknown' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 303/26 date taken 13/09/2002.

• LI032-331 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  In 2004 this barrow was described as following; 'This site, a low mound, is located on level ground to the south of the ringwork [LI032-131----]. It is 14m in diameter, encircled by a shallow ditch' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 303/26 date taken 13/09/2002.

• LI032-332 Barrow - ring-barrow
  Description

  In 2004 this barrow was described as following; 'This circular mound, 15m in diameter and enclosed by a shallow, 1m-wide ditch, is located in a depression encircled by a 3m-wide counterscarp bank' (Condit and Coyne 2004). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 07 August 2019 See attached ASI aerial photograph ASIAP - 303/26 date taken 13/09/2002.

• LI032-335 Barrow - unclassified
  Description

  Situated on flat poorly drained grassland, ringbarrows (LI032-142001/002/003-) 55m to NNW. Outline of circular-shaped area (approx. diam. 19m) defined by a fosse is visible on Digital Globe aerial photographs. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 09 August 2019

• LI040-019 Ringfort - rath
  Description

  Described by O'Kelly (1944, 23) as following; 'A circular platform surrounded by a fosse with an overall diameter of 140' [42m]. This is situated on the edge of the bank of the Camoge river which has eaten away almost half of the E. side of the platform. The height of the latter is 4' [1.2m]. The entrance is not recognisable. It is called Pollnaneach on the O.S. map'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 09 August 2019

• LI040-024 Flat cemetery
  Description

  Cist graves described by Raftery (1941, 304) as following: 'Clashmore, Knockainey West, Co. Limerick. Several extended inhumations. Some in slab-lined graves, some not'. This discovery of eight burials was described by O'Kelly (1944, 23) as; ''These cists were first uncovered in the course of digging for sand. A rescue excavation was carried out on behalf of the National Museum, when a total of about 8 burials was uncovered, some of which were unprotected skeletons. Others had been removed before the excavator's arrival and still others were left unexcavated. The bodies lay E-W with the heads to the W., and all were extended burials. There were no associated finds but in the vicinity of the graves a quern stone was found. It is probable that the graves belong to the Early Iron Age or to the Early Christian period'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 09 August 2019

• LI040-190 Barrow - ditch barrow
  Description

  In reclaimed pasture, 55m E of townland boundary with Baggotstown East. A possible ditch-barrow (LI040-191----) lies 55m to the NW and an enclosure (LI040-240----) lies 90m to the SE. Identified as a circular cropmark of a possible barrow by the Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986 (Bruff 57; AP 5/0272). Faint trace of cropmark (diam. c. 6m) visible on OSi orthophoto taken 2005-2012 and Digital Globe orthomage taken 2011-13. Outline of ditch-barrow clearly visible on Google Earth orthoimage taken 25/03/2017. See attached Bruff survey image showing cropmark labelled Bruff 57 and Google Earth orthoimages. Compiled by: Fiona Rooney Date of upload: 23 June 2021

• LI040-191 Earthwork
  Description

  In reclaimed pasture, 120m E of townland boundary with Baggotstown East, possible ditch-barrows (LI040-190/240/301/302----) lie 100m to the NW. Possible enclosure identified by the Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986 (Bruff 58; AP 5/2072). Faint trace of raised D-shaped area visible on Digital Globe orthoimage taken 2011-13. Monument visible as D-shaped cropmark (diam. c. 18m) intersected at N by a drain running NE-SW and at S by a linear cropmark or drainge channel running roughly E-W on Google Earth orthoimage taken 20/03/2018. Uncertain antiquity, earthwork may be related to post-1700 land reclamation works. See attached Bruff survey image showing cropmark labelled Bruff 58 and Google Earth orthoimages. Compiled by: Fiona Rooney Date of upload: 23 June 2021

• LI040-192 Enclosure
  Description

  Identified on aerial photograph (Bruff Survey: Map 40, Bruff 59: AP 5/2072). Described by Doody (2008, 138) as a 'subrectangular platform, 18m N-S x 26m E-W, 0.6m above the base of the ditch. Enclosed by ditch (c. 4m wide) with possible external bank on S side. Ditch less substantial on N'; the morphology of this enclosure indicates that it may be Bronze Age in date (ibid.). Compiled by: Denis Power Date of upload: 11 November 2013 See attached ASI aerial photographs ASIAP – 349175 on 05/01/2003.

• LI040-232---* Historic town
  Description

  Duplicate record with LI032-141----.

• LI040-232---* Historic town
  Description

  The Urban Survey of Limerick (Bradley et. al. 1989, 177-8) recorded the following about the historic settlement of Knockainy, also known as the Manor of Any; 'Knockainy is a small village located in east Limerick beside the Camoge river to the west of the Limerick to Mitchelstown road. The name is derived from Cnoc Áine, the hill of Áine. The mythological stories surrounding Áine and the dense concentration of prehistoric sites on Knockainy Hill provide clear evidence that this was an important cult site in prehistoric times (Westropp 1917). After the coming of the Normans the manor of Anya (Áine) was granted to Geoffrey de Marisco who was to found the important preceptory (LI032-147002-) for the Knights Hospitallers at Hospital nearby (Orpen 1911-20, ii, 169). In 1226 de Marisco was granted the right to hold an annual eight day fair at his manor of Anya (Sweetman 1875-86, i, no. 1415). Later in the thirteenth century the manor was granted to Thomas de Clare and on his death an extent of his lands was made from which some useful information on the layout of the manor can be derived. This extent, made in 1287, mentions that the burgesses of Any then held four carucates of land in the manor (Sweetman 1875-86, iii, 205). The subsequent history of the borough is unknown but it is likely that it suffered the fate of many of the other Limerick boroughs and that it was deserted in the later fourteenth century. The medieval borough was probably centred on the crossroads and along the roads to the north and west on the west side of the Camoge river'. In 1226 the King granted 'Geoffrey de Mariscis, justiciary of Ireland, that he have until the K.’s age a yearly fair at his manor of Addare for 8 days from the feast of St. James [July 25-Aug. 1]; and a yearly fair at his manor of Anya for 8 days from the feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin [8-15 Sept.]. Mandate to the justiciary to cause the fairs to be proclaimed and held' (Cal doc Ire., entry No. 1415). There is a Fair Green on high ground to the west of Knockainy Castle (LI032-141003-) but this Green probably dates from the post-1700 period as the 'Towne Green' is annotated on the Down Survey map which shows it located in the field immediately to the W of the church ruins (LI032-141004-) and 'Black Castle' (LI032-141014-) also known as 'Desmond Castle' (NLI, MS 718). In 1389 the patent rolls recorded the granting of a pardon to 'Thomas Clifford kt and Joan his wife of their trespass in this: that they lately acquired from Roger Clifford, lord of Westmorland, the manors of Any and Corkmoyle, co. Limerick, which were held in chief, to hold to themselves for life, with remainder to Robert Clifford and the heirs male of his body, and reversion to the right heirs of the said Roger; and they entered the same without licence' (Patent Roll 12 Richard II; RCH 141/171). In 1409 the custodianship of the manor of Any changed when Thomas fitz Morice was granted 'custody of the manor of Any, co. Limerick, which belonged to Thomas Clifford kt.' (Patent Roll 10 Henry IV; RCH 189/13). The Civil Survey of Limerick recorded that Thady Grady of Killkillane was in possession in 1640 of lands in Any which included 'a Castle (LI032-141003-), nyne Cabbins & a Mill seate (LI032-141015-)' (Simington 1938, 97). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 26 April 2019

• LI040-235 Barrow - unclassified
  Description

  In reclaimed pasture 335m W of a watercourse that marks the townland boundary with Baggotstown-East. Earthwork (LI040-191----) lies 175m to SW and possible ditch-barrow (LI040-268003-) 100m to SE. Not depicted on OSi historic maps. Identified as a possible barrow by Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986 (Bruff 235; AP 5/2072). No surface remains visible on Google Earth orthoimages. See attached Bruff aerial photograph labelled 235 and Google Earth orthoimages. Compiled by: Martin Fitzpatrick Date of upload: 28 June 2021

• LI040-240 Barrow - ditch barrow
  Description

  In pasture, 55m E of townland boundary with Baggotstown East. A possible ditch-barrow (LI040-190----) lies 55m to the SE and an enclosure (LI040-240----) lies 120m to the SE. Identified as the circular cropmark of a possible ditch-barrow by the Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986 (No. 240; AP 5/0272). Faint trace of cropmark (diam. c. 6m) visible on OSi orthophoto taken 2005-2012 and Digital Globe orthoimage taken 2011-13. Clearly visible on Google Earth orthoimage taken 25/03/2017. See attached Bruff survey image showing cropmark labelled 240 and Google Earth orthoimages Compiled by: Fiona Rooney Date of upload: 23 June 2021

• LI040-267 Enclosure
  Description

  Identified on aerial photograph (Bruff Survey: Map 40, Bruff 130: AP 5/2073). Described by Doody (2008, 137) as a 'oval ditched enclosure, c. 30m N-S x 27m E-W, interior possibly a raised platform; disturbance to ditch (c. 5m wide) on the W side. There is evidence for a bank on E and S sides'; the morphology of this enclosure indicates that it may be Bronze Age in date (ibid.). Compiled by: Denis Power Date of upload: 11 November 2013 See attached ASI aerial photographs ASIAP – 349/17 on 05/01/2003.

• LI040-268001 Barrow - ditch barrow
  Description

  In reclaimed pasture, 270m E of townland boundary with Baggotstown East. Two possible barrows (LI040-268002/003-) lie 28m and 40m respectively to the NW. Not marked on OSi historic maps. Possible circular feature identified by the Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986 (Bruff 129.01, AP 5/2073). Possible ditch-barrow visible as a circular cropmark (diam. c. 6m) on Digital Globe orthoimage taken between 2011-13 and on Google Earth orthoimages. See attached Bruff photograph labelled 129.01 and Google Earth orthoimages. Compiled by: Fiona Rooney Date of upload: 6 July 2021

• LI040-268002 Barrow - ditch barrow
  Description

  In reclaimed pasture, 270m E of townland boundary with Baggotstown East, two possible ditch-barrows (LI040-268002/003-) lie 28m and 40m respectively to the NW. Not marked on OSi historic maps. Possible circular feature identified by the Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986 (Bruff 129.02, AP 5/2073). Monument visible as a circular cropmark (diam. c. 6m) on the Digital Globe orthoimage taken between 2011-13 and on Google Earth orthoimages. See attached Bruff photograph labelled 129.02 and Google Earth orthoimages. Compiled by: Fiona Rooney Date of upload: 6 July 2021

• LI040-268003 Barrow - ditch barrow
  Description

  In reclaimed pasture, 300m E of townland boundary with Baggotstown East, two possible ditch-barrows (LI040-268001/002-) lie 40m and 6m respectively to the S. Not marked on OSi historic maps. Identified by the Bruff aerial photographic survey in 1986 (Bruff 129.3, AP 5/2073) as a circular cropmark of possible barrow. Possible ditch-barrow visible as a circular cropmark (diam. c. 2.5m) on Digital Globe orthoimage taken between 2011-13. Clearly visible on Google Earth orthoimage dated 25/03/2017. See attached Bruff photograph labelled 129.03 and Google Earth orthoimages. Compiled by: Fiona Rooney Date of upload: 6 July 2021

• LI040-301 Barrow - ditch barrow
  Description

  In pasture, 55m E of townland boundary with Baggotstown East. A possible ditch-barrow (LI040-240----) lies 15m to the NW and a second ditch-barrow (LI040-190----) lies 10m to the SE. Faint trace of cropmark (diam. c. 11m) visible on Google Earth orthoimage taken 25/03/2017. See attached Google Earth orthoimages Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 23 June 2021

• LI040-302 Barrow - ditch barrow
  Description

  In reclaimed pasture, 110m E of townland boundary with Baggotstown East. A possible ditch-barrow (LI040-190----) lies 35m to the W. Outline of ditch-barrow (diam. c. 4m) visible on Google Earth orthoimage taken 25/03/2017. See attached Google Earth orthoimages Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 23 June 2021

• LI040-309 Barrow - ditch barrow
  Description

  In reclaimed pasture. Outline of ditch-barrow (diam. c. 5m) visible on Google Earth orthoimage taken 20/03/2018. See attached Google Earth orthoimages Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 6 December 2021

Architectural heritage

• Old Parochial House, presbytery/parochial/curate's house, 1850–1870 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached three-bay two-storey former presbytery, built c. 1860, having porch to front (north) elevation, two-bay single-storey lean-to and three-bay two-storey lean-to to rear (south) elevation. Hipped artificial slate roof with rendered chimneystacks, render parapet having cornice and balustrades to front. Roughcast rendered walls to first floor and rendered walls to ground floor. Square-headed opening with two-over-two pane timber sliding sash windows and limestone sills. Those to first floor having render surrounds, render entablature to ground floor windows. Square-headed openings to porch with inset round-headed fixed timber windows. Square-headed opening to porch having double-leaf half-glazed timber panelled doors. Pair of chamfered square-profile limestone piers to north with carved caps, plinths and double-leaf cast-iron gates, wrought-iron pedestrian gate to west. Roughly dressed limestone walls to site.

• House, 1810–1830 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached three-bay two-storey house, built c. 1820, having bay windows with balustrades to front (east) elevation. Hipped slate roof with terracotta ridge crestings, ridge tiles and red brick chimneystacks. Lined-and-ruled rendered walls having render quoins. Square-headed openings with replacement uPVC windows and concrete sills. Those to first floor having decorative render surrounds. Square-headed openings to bay windows with one-over-one pane timber sliding sash windows and shared concrete sills. Square-headed opening having render surround and half-glazed timber panelled door. Cast-iron tapered columns with octagonal render plinths supporting balustrade.

• Knockainy Creamery, creamery, 1910–1930 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached gable-fronted double-pile two-bay two-storey former creamery, built c. 1920, with attic storey. Pitched corrugated-iron roofs with timber bargeboards to dormer attic. Corrugated-iron walls. Square-headed window opening to gable apex, front (north) elevation. Square-headed opening having fixed window and concrete sill. Square-headed openings to attic with louvered vents. Square-headed opening having timber battened door. Concrete loading-bay to west elevation. Square-headed door openings to west elevation.

• Saint John's Church (Knockainy), church/chapel, 1850–1870 · Regional interest
  Description

  Freestanding Gothic Revival style Church of Ireland church, built in 1860, with tower and steeple of earlier church, built before 1762, adjacent. Comprising four-bay nave, gable-fronted chancel to rear (east) elevation with lean-to vestry to north elevation and gable-fronted porch to south. Pitched slate roof with limestone copings, wrought-iron ridge crestings and cast-iron rainwater goods. Snecked limestone walls having cut plinth course. Lancet windows to nave with tooled limestone surround, stained glass windows to south elevation, quarry glazed windows to north elevation. Triple lancet stained glass windows to chancel. Trefoil quarry glazed opening over lancet quarry glazed windows to front (west) elevation. Paired lancet quarry glazed windows to vestry, east elevation. Pointed arch opening to porch having tooled limestone surround and timber battened door with wrought-iron fittings. Shouldered square-headed opening to vestry with tooled limestone surround and timber battened door. Cut limestone steps to entrances. Scissors brace timber roof to interior. Wrought-iron altar railings. Carved memorial plaques to walls. Freestanding three-stage square-plan crenellated tower to south-east having limestone octagonal spire, dating to eighteenth century. Dressed limestone walls with cut stringcourses and inscribed plaque having carved label moulding dating to 1528 to west elevation. Pointed arch window opening to third stage. Paired pointed arch window openings to second stage, some with timber fittings. Pointed arch opening having cut limestone surround and timber battened door. Pair of rusticated limestone square-profile piers to west with spear-headed cast-iron double-leaf gates. Roughly dressed limestone boundary walls to site.

• Knockainy Bridge, bridge, 1810–1830 · Regional interest
  Description

  Triple-arch limestone road bridge over the River Camoge, built c. 1820. Rubble stone walls with rubble cappings. Round-headed arches having roughly dressed voussoirs. Dressed V-cutwaters to south elevation.

• Saint John's Church (Knockainy), mausoleum, 1835–1840 · Regional interest
  Description

  Freestanding mausoleum, dated 1838, on a rectangular plan. Limestone flagged "slated" roof. Repointed broken coursed rough cut limestone walls with clasping buttresses to corners. Four centre-headed door opening. Set in grounds of Saint John’s Church (Knockainy).

• House, 1790–1810 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached three-bay single-storey lobby entry thatched house, built c. 1800, with single-bay extension to west elevation and windbreak to front (south) elevation. Hipped and pitched thatched roof having red brick chimneystack. Painted rubble stone walls. Concrete buttresses to east elevation. Square-headed openings with render surrounds, concrete sills and replacement timber casement windows. Square-headed opening to rear (north) elevation having two-over-two pane timber sliding sash window and concrete sill. Square-headed opening to windbreak with timber battened door.

• Saint John's Church (Knockainy), mausoleum, 1830–1850 · Regional interest
  Description

  Freestanding gable-fronted mausoleum, c. 1840, with barrel-vaulted grassed over roof. Coursed roughly dressed limestone walls with inscribed plaque having urn finial. Square-headed opening with metal door.

• Saint John's Church (Knockainy), mausoleum, 1830–1850 · Regional interest
  Description

  Freestanding gable-fronted mausoleum to north, c. 1840. Barrel-vaulted grassed over roof. Roughcast render over rubble limestone walls. Pointed arch opening having dressed limestone surround, keystone and limestone door.

• Saint John's Church (Knockainy), mausoleum, 1850–1870 · Regional interest
  Description

  Freestanding mausoleum to south, dated 1860, with pitched limestone roof, cut eaves course and copings. Snecked limestone walls with carved limestone heraldic plaque. Square-headed opening with rusticated limestone surround and metal door.

• Post box, 1910–1930 · Regional interest
  Description

  Wall-mounted cast-iron post box, erected c. 1920. Mounted on coursed limestone rubble wall. Raised ER lettering and crown motif. Manufacture's name: 'W.T. Allen & Co. London' inscribed on base.

• Knockainy Stud, country house, 1780–1800 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached seven-bay two-storey county house, built c. 1790, and substantially altered c. 1970. Comprising five-bay original frontage (south elevation), with single-bay additions to either end, and four-bay current frontage (west elevation) attached to four-bay outbuilding to north. Two-bay single-storey addition to rear elevation. Canted bay windows to south elevation and west elevation. Hipped slate roof with flat-roofed addition to west over new frontage, and pitched slate roof to rear east elevation. Lean-to slate roof to single-storey addition. Rendered chimneystacks. Pebble dashed walls with smooth rendered plinth course. Square-headed window openings with rendered sills, having some replacement multiple-pane timber framed windows and some replacement multiple-pane uPVC framed windows. One Venetian style window to west elevation, first floor, with round-headed window opening flanked by narrower square-headed openings, with replacement timber framed windows. Square-headed door opening to west elevation with tooled sandstone doorcase. Doorcase comprising portico with Ionic style columns and entablature flanking square-headed openings with timber panelled door with brass door furniture, and square-headed window openings with replacement uPVC framed sidelights windows with sandstone risers. Recent cast-iron electric lamp lights flanking doorcase. Square-headed door opening to south elevation with double-leaf timber panelled half-glazed door having timber framed four pane rectangular overlight. Approached by three tooled limestone steps forming curved platform. Elliptical-headed carriage arch to west of house, attaching to three-bay two-storey outbuilding. Pitched slate roof. Pebble dashed walls. Square-headed window openings with render sills having replacement uPVC windows. Square-headed door opening with timber battened half-glazed door. West range of outbuildings comprising three-bay two storey building. Pitched slate roof. Coursed rubble limestone walls. Square-headed window openings with render sills having replacement timber framed windows elsewhere. Square-headed door opening with timber battened doors. Detached eleven-bay two-storey outbuilding to west of house, with three-storey tower breakfront having openwork bellcote. Cast-iron weather vane to breakfront. Pitched slate roof. Roughcast rendered walls. Square-headed recess to first floor breakfront, with painted circular recess over. Painted date and name to tower section. Square-headed window openings with render sills and timber framed windows. Square-headed door openings with sheet metal and timber stable half-doors. Square-headed carriage arch to base of breakfront tower section. Rusticated limestone walls to entrance terminating in square-plan piers with stepped caps.

Designated sites: National Parks and Wildlife Service. Recorded monuments: Sites and Monuments Record, National Monuments Service. Buildings: National Inventory of Architectural Heritage. Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Works at or in relation to a recorded monument need two months' written notice to the National Monuments Service (National Monuments (Amendment) Act 1994, section 12).

Radon

About 1 in 5 homes in this area is likely to have high radon levels. Testing a home

Landslides

Susceptibility high, moderately high, moderately low, low, low (inferred), on the 1:50,000 map.

Terrain model

No LiDAR survey of the Office of Public Works covers the centre of the townland of Knockainy West.

Flooding

The flood maps of the Office of Public Works: floodinfo.ie.

Radon Risk Map of Ireland, Environmental Protection Agency; Landslide Susceptibility Classification, Geological Survey Ireland; both CC BY 4.0. LiDAR: contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey Ireland & the Office of Public Works) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence.

No address of the register names Knockainy West with five sales or more. The sales of the area are on the page of Co. Limerick.

Name

Knockainy West · Cnoc Áine Thiar

Area

4,642,397 m² (464.24 ha, 1,147.16 acres)

Civil parish

Knockainy, and its townlands

Barony

Smallcounty

Electoral division

Knockainy, the unit of the census

Census 2022

Knockainy electoral division: 784 people in 279 households; 86% of households own their home; 27% of homes were built since 2001; 7% of dwellings stood vacant on census night, and 1% were holiday homes.

Neighbouring townlands

Baggotstown East, Ballyhaukish, Ballynalahagh, Bottomstown, Coolscart, Correenfeeradda, Gortacloona, Gorteennacreeagh, Gortnaskagh, Kilballyowen, Kilcullane, Knockainy East, Millfarm, Ragamus, Rathanny

Placenames

Knockainy West on logainm.ie, the Placenames Database of Ireland

Townlands, civil parishes, baronies and electoral divisions, National Statutory Boundaries, Tailte Éireann, CC BY 4.0. Census 2022, Small Area Population Statistics by electoral division, Central Statistics Office, CC BY 4.0. A townland is the smallest land division of Ireland, and the unit of a rural address; old registers such as the 1901 and 1911 censuses file it under its civil parish and barony.