Land parcel 2708410

Area

77 m²

Buildings

No building touches it.

Zoning

G3 Green Infrastructure (Cork County Development Plan 2022) The objective

Townland

—

Planning applications on this parcel

No planning application touches this parcel in the national file, which goes back to 2010.

Source: National Planning Applications, Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Applicants are not shown.

Designated sites

• Special Area of Conservation: Blackwater River (Cork/Waterford) SAC 002170
• Proposed Natural Heritage Area: Blackwater River And Estuary 000072

Recorded monuments around it

This parcel is in the zone of notification of 23 recorded monuments.

• CO067-029001 Historic town
  Description

  Viking settlement at mouth of Blackwater in 9th century (O'Brien 1986, 347); Anglo-Norman settlement by late 12th century but town established early 13th century by Maurice fitz Gerald who settled it with citizens of Bristol (ibid., 377); town remained under Geraldine influence in late medieval period though sacked by Earl of Desmond in 1579 (Lewis 1837, vol. 2, 725). Like most Irish towns, Youghal contracted in 14th century but revived by late 15th century (O'Brien ibid., 377-8). Earl of Cork became prominent citizen in early 17th century when town important trading port, a position it maintained throughout 18th and early 19th centuries (Condon 1945, 119-121); during this period town also expanded 'in all directions' (Lewis ibid., 726) but especially on river side and along both ends of main street. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 2: East and South Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1994). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009

• CO067-029002 Town defences
  Description

  Earliest record of town walls is murage grant of 1275 (O'Brien 1986, 372) which was renewed throughout late medieval period, but by 1631 walls were 'weak and ruinous' with 'no place to mount ordnance to defend the harbour' (Coleman 1906, 103); re-fortified in 1641-2 (Harbison 1977, 62). Pacata Hibernia map (Wain 1965, 36-7) shows walled town in two sections with 'basetown' (Irishtown) to S; thirteen towers are shown including South Gate, North Gate and Water Gate, with outworks outside North Gate; E line of wall ran along waterfront; walled harbour with two entrance towers outside WaterGate. To-day N and W ruins of town wall including three towers survive and have been described as 'possibly the best preserved medieval town walls in Ireland' (Harbison, ibid.; see plan Cockburn 1976, 14-5; see photos Buckley 1900, 158-8). Two semicircular and one circular tower (Banshee; Montmorenci and Half-Moon) stand at S end of W wall; this section (surviving for c. 450m) overlooks area of medieval town. W wall rebuilt in upper courses; square placements for wooden supports for wall walk; upper part of parapet rebuilt (Thomas 1992, 215). Line of N wall (c. 275m) descends steeply to E, with no towers surviving. Riverside wall apparently slighter (H c. 5m; Wth c. 0.6m) so could be late medieval (ibid). Stone arch (CO067-029012-), known as 'Watergate' or 'Cromwell's Arch' (Condon 1945, opp. 120) 'is seemingly a modern restoration of the antique "water gate" ' (Buckley ibid,160), leading from base town into former fortified harbour. See Excavation 1998, no. 89, no. 90 p. 23 The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 2: East and South Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1994). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009

• CO067-029003 Church
  Description

  On N side of Youghal town, St. Mary's collegiate church, erected in mid-13th century on site of earlier church, parts of which it may have incorporated (Hayman 1896, i-ii); described by Leask (1966, vol. 2, 153) as 'second largest parish church of medieval times still standing and in use in Ireland'. Cruciform in plan (Hayman 1854, facing 103) with aisled nave; tower (CO067-029015-) at angle of N aisle and transept. Chancel completely rebuilt in 2nd half of 15th century, with 'lancets in pairs and threes, which are features of the main church of c. 1250, copied in form and size' (Leask 1966, vol. 3, 113); the E window is 'six lights wide....divided into two parts by a master mullion diverging to right and left of a small rose' (ibid., 124; see plate XVb). Though damaged by Desmond's followers in 1579 (Killanin and Duignan 1962, 459), church in good repair by 1615 (Brady 1867, vol. 2, 412), though by 18th century chancel was roofless. Church renovated 1852-7, including re-roofing entire structure, so that by 1860, 'church in perfect order' (Brady ibid., 421). Church includes many interesting memorials (Hayman 1896, ii-xii), notably elaborate monument of Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork, erected in 1620 by London sculptor Alexander Hills (Harris 1998); on it 'both his wives kneel, while he and his mother-in-law above him adopt a more modern pose' (i.e. they recline) (Potterton 1975, 7, 18,50). Church contains 14th century eight-sided baptismal font (Harbison 1977, 62); a late 13th century effigy repaired or composite (head male; body female); late 13th century head-slab of a man; early 14th century effigy (Thomas Paris) in a wall tomb; early 14th century effigy (Matheu le Mercer) in a canopy tomb (Hunt, ibid., 130-1). The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 2: East and South Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1994). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Revised by: Paul Walsh Revised date of upload: 18 June 2015

• CO067-029004 Graveyard
  Description

  Inside W angle of town walls, contains medieval parish church of St Mary (CO067-02903-). Described by Hayman (1896, xii) as 'very extensive, occupying a considerable portion of the hill immediately over the town'. Hayman (ibid.) notes 'freestanding-stone' of Susan Russel dated 1672; otherwise headstones date from 1710 (O'Shea 1988, 69). The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 2: East and South Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1994). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009

• CO067-029005 House - 16th century
  Description

  Adjacent to St Mary's Church (CO067-02903-) 'a much-altered Elizabethan house' (Killanin and Duignan 1962, 460-1) built originally a College for choristers and serving a dual role as residence for the Warden of the Collegiate church of Youghal, established in 1464 by Richard Benet under a charter granted by Thomas Fitzgerald, 8th Earl of Desmond. After the Desmond Rebellion in 1586 some of the then Earl's extensive lands in Youghal and Lismore were granted to Sir Walter Raleigh who used both Lismore and Myrtle Grove as a base serving as mayor of Youghal from 1588 to 1599. 'Myrtle Grove' represents one of the earliest, unfortified, continuously occupied houses in Ireland. A rectangular two-storey masonry house with an inhabited attic storey and some ad-hoc extensions at the N. There are three transverse gables on front and back elevations which together with the prominent chimneys provide an Elizabethan silhouette. However 'the windows have been modernized' (Hayman 1896, xiv-xv); the building has a relatively recent external appearance having been 'put into thorough repair' in 1897 (The Irish Builder, 1st Aug 1897). It represents one of the earliest, unfortified, continuously occupied houses in Ireland. Some internal rooms are lined with floor to ceiling regular oak panels, topped with a frieze panel with dentils. In 'Raleigh's drawing room, the richly carved oak mantlepiece cornice 'rests upon three figures, representing Faith, Hope and Charity, between which are enriched circular-headed panels, and a variety of emblematical devices fill up the rest of the structure' (Hayman 1896, xv; de Breffney and ffolliott 1975, 34). The fireplace itself is lined with blue and white tiles with the chimney piece supported by a pair of caryatid carved oak figures. In 1616 'Sir Lawrence Parsons took this house from the Earl of Cork for a residence' (Hayman ibid.); residence of Hedges family in 17th century, Hayman family in 18th century; still a private residence. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 2: East and South Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1994). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009

• CO067-029006 College
  Description

  Adjacent to St. Mary's church (CO067-02903-). Founded in 1464 by Earl of Desmond as 'Our Lady's College of Youghal' (Hayman 1896, xiii-xiv), consisting of 'a warden, eight ordained Fellows and eight lay brothers....in addition to teaching, the Fellows served St. Mary's Churchand seven other churches in the Barony of Imokilly' (Wain 1965, 51). During Desmond rebellion, 'spoiled and well nigh demolished' (Hayman 1856, 16). Subsequently came into possesion of Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork, who rebuilt college c. 1605 as his private residence (ibid., 19). In 1641-2 Boyle 'added two large flanking towers to the house, built five circular turrets aroung the park, and cast up a platform of earth, on which he placed ordnance to command the town and harbour' (Hayman 1896, ibid.); he died there in 1643. By middle of 18th century house fallen into ruins; about 1782 was 'in a great measure rebuilt' (ibid.) so that 'of the old College building hardly a vestage remains' (ibid.). In 1860 'north Gothic wing' added (Wain 1966, 52). To-day 'the only relic of Boyle's house is an elaborate chimney-piece' (Killanin and Duignan 1962, 460) though two of towers survive, one incorporated into more recent buildings; house still a private residence. See Excavations 1995, 9. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 2: East and South Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1994). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009

• CO067-029007 Almshouse
  Description

  Fronting onto the north-west side of North Main Street at the junction of Church Street in the north sector of the medieval town of Youghal. Oldest surviving almshouses in Ireland (Craig 1982, 203), described as 'most convincingly Jacobean' (ibid.). They were endowed by Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork, in either 1613 or 1634 (ibid.; Condon 1945,opp. 120) to house 'six poor widows (Protestants)' (Condon ibid.). They consist of a four-bay, three-storey gabled-ended building, built of sandstone rubble. The rectangular windows formerly had stone mullion and transom divisions with occasional relieving arches visible in views where the render was removed. Four doorways with pointed arches are set in pairs on the ground floor, with window arrangements at first and second floor following the same alignment with that at ground floor varying to reflect the paired arrangement of doorways. The upper floor windows sit just under the eaves. A plaque, bearing the coat of arms of the founder is centrally placed on the front elevation (CO067-029017-). The NW gable 'turns the corner of two streets' into Church Street (Craig 1982, 203), and is broken by two small windows in the attic storey. The section on Church Street has a lower roof line, and is comprised of two, two-storey gable-fronted sections. Original stone hood-mouldings survive above ground floor level windows. Lewis (1837, vol. 2, 729) describes the building as 'recently rebuilt in their original style, with the arms of the founder in front'. The building was completely renovated in 1987 by Cork County Council for housing. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 2: East and South Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1994), and the Urban Archaeological Survey of County Cork (unpublished, 1995). Date of revision: 05 January 2023 Compiled by: Archaeological Survey Unit, UCC, Urban Archaeological Survey and Anne-Julie Lafaye

• CO067-029008 Castle - tower house
  Description

  On NE side of Main Street; known as Tynte's Castle. Described as 'much altered 15th cent. tower-house' (Killanin and Duignan 1962, 459); Harbison (1977, 62) considers it 16th century. Apparently built by Walshe family; later came into possesion of Sir Robert Tynte (CO077-065---). Tower measures '39 feet by 23 feet and is 50 feet high' (Wain 1965, 57), with 'a machicolation over the main door', and 'a stairs in the thickness of the walls leads to the battlements which are lighted by lancet windows' (ibid). Used as grain store in recent times with large vertical openings inserted in front elevation to form a loop (see drawing Healy 1988, 155).There are two internal vaults, over ground and 2nd floors. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 2: East and South Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1994). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009

• CO067-029009 House - 18th/19th century
  Description

  Rare example of a surviving brick-built early 18th century townhouse (Craig 1982, 157). It was 'built (1706-15) for the Uniackes by a Dutch builder named Lewventhen' (Killanin and Duignan 1962, 459), though the origin of this attribution 'is now obscure' (de Breffny and ffolliott 1985, 84); house is 'a fine example of Dutch domestic architecture with handsome eaves cornice and contemporary Memel pinewood panelling in interior' (ibid.; see photo p. 87). In recent times became the parochial house and known as the 'Dean's House'. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 2: East and South Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1994). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009

• CO067-029010 Religious house - Benedictine monks
  Description

  On SW side of Main Street. A 'much-altered gable' (Killanin and Duignan 1962, 459), identified by Hayman (1856, 14-5) as remains of Benedictine priory of St. John, in existence by 1306 (Gwynn and Hadcock 1988, 108). O'Sullivan (1945, 104-5) describes features in gable as 'pointed and delicately moulded sandstone doorway framed by a square-headed moulding', while directly above door is 'a single-light ogee window' (ibid.); also 'half-way along a narrow passage....are a piscina and a square aumbry' (ibid.); there may be further features to rear of building (see Hayman ibid). The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Cork. Volume 2: East and South Cork' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1994). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload/revision: 14 January 2009

And 13 more.

Architectural heritage

No building of the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage stands on this parcel.

Designated sites: National Parks and Wildlife Service. Recorded monuments: Sites and Monuments Record, National Monuments Service. Buildings: National Inventory of Architectural Heritage. Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Works at or in relation to a recorded monument need two months' written notice to the National Monuments Service (National Monuments (Amendment) Act 1994, section 12).

Ground and risks

Radon

The EPA radon map gives no estimate at the centre of this parcel.

Landslides

The 1:50,000 map does not classify this parcel.

Terrain model

LiDAR of the Office of Public Works, flown in 2011, at 2 m: tile OPW_1708 (ZIP).

Flooding

The Office of Public Works publishes its flood maps on floodinfo.ie.

Radon Risk Map of Ireland, Environmental Protection Agency, and Landslide Susceptibility Classification, Geological Survey Ireland, both under CC BY 4.0. LiDAR: contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey Ireland & the Office of Public Works) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence.

Download this parcel as DXF, in Irish Transverse Mercator metres, with its neighbours and buildings, for a drawing program. GeoJSON, in WGS 84, suits a map, and KML opens in Google Earth.

Registered freehold land, Tailte Éireann, CC BY 4.0. A parcel is the land of a title, not an address. The owner's name is in the Land Registry of Tailte Éireann: a copy of the folio can be ordered on landdirect.ie, for a fee.