Irishtown

640 registered freehold parcels lie mostly in Irishtown, from 1 m² to 6,581 m² (0.66 ha, 1.63 acres). The dashed line is the townland's boundary; 13 neighbouring parcels touch it.

Download the townland: DXF, in Irish Transverse Mercator metres, with its boundary, parcels and buildings; GeoJSON or KML.

• M2City Centre (City/Town/village Centre, central area)
  Limerick Development Plan 2022-2028, Limerick · 439 parcels The zoning objective in the plan
• R2Existing Residential (Existing residential)
  Limerick Development Plan 2022-2028, Limerick · 114 parcels The zoning objective in the plan
• G5Open Space and Recreation (Mixed/general 'green'/recreation/conservation, other)
  Limerick Development Plan 2022-2028, Limerick · 0 parcels The zoning objective in the plan

Source: Tailte Éireann and the Department of Housing (MyPlan), national zoning, CC BY 4.0.

• 10 Jul 2026N/a

  modifications to the existing internal floor layout at ground floor level to incorporate a new food offer, ancillary to main retail use, and totaling 22sqm in area, and all other associated site development works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2660789

• 25 May 2026N/a

  the demolition of existing single storey extension to the south of the existing house and its replacement with a two storey extension, also to the south/gable end, and all associated site works within the curtilage of a Protected Structure

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2660585

• 12 May 2026N/a

  the demolition of single storey rear building on Curry Lane and the construction of a replacement single storey rear building on Curry Lane, and planning permission for the completion of a single storey rear building on Curry Lane, and retention permission for the demolition of two storey building between Broad Street and Curry Lane, and planning permission for completion of two storey building between Broad Street and Curry Lane, and the change of use to student hostel accommodation with all ancillary site works

  Retention · Limerick County Council, 2660534

• 25 Nov 2025Conditional

  the demolition of existing showroom/sales building, storage sheds, single-storey derelict dwelling house and all other structures and boundary walls on the site; the construction of a new Purpose Built Student Accommodation (PBSA) multi-storey scheme with a total floor area of 3,309 square metres, ranging in height from four (12.75m) to six storeys (18.75m), to provide 115 no. student bed spaces (17 no. apartments) with 127 square metres of private open space; internal courtyard with cycle, pedestrian and emergency vehicular access only from Old Clare Street; bicycle parking (96 spaces); student reception, laundry room, staff office, plant room, internal communal space, bin store, and ESB substation; SUDS inclusive of Green Roof; alterations to footpaths and roads bounding the site at New Road/Pennywell Road and Old Clare Street; the creation of a designated set down area on New Road/Pennywell Road; connections to public services and utilities and all ancillary siteworks

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2561232

• 14 Feb 2025Conditional

  for interior alterations to the Pharmacy and first & second floor apartments including upgrading of internal services. 1 John’s Square is a Protected Structure RPS. No. 3293 and is in an Architectural Conservation Area 2.4 ACA 4 - John’s Square, parts of Lower Gerard Griffith Street and John’s Street. It is listed on the NIAH (National Inventory of Architectural Heritage Schedule Reg. No. 21518036

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2560120

• 20 Jan 2025Conditional

  a change of use of an existing ground floor and basement floor retail unit to a medical facility, replacement signage over both front and side shopfront elevations, a new wall mounted sign and all ancillary works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2560025

• 20 Dec 2024N/a

  interior alterations to the Pharmacy and first & second floor apartments including upgrading of internal services and the installation of solar panels to internal slopes of roof at D. Hickeys Chemist, 1 John’s Square, Limerick, V94 RK8V 1 John’s Square is a Protected Structure RPS. No. 3293 and is in an Architectural Conservation Area 2.4 ACA 4 - John’s Square, parts of Lower Gerard Griffith Street and John’s Street. It is listed on the NIAH (National Inventory of Architectural Heritage Schedule Reg. No. 21518036

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2461292

• 18 Dec 2024Conditional

  a change of use from commercial use to residential use of First Floor Unit no. 1 and Unit no. 2

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2461266

• 14 Oct 2024Conditional

  subdivision of retail unit into an off licence and storage area and all associated works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2461022

• 3 Oct 2024Conditional

  the erection of telecommunications antenna and associated support equipment and cabinet on the rooftop of Chapel Court, Building 2, Cathedral Place, Limerick City. The application purpose is to support eir’s mobile telecommunications services locally

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2460986

• 20 Jul 2024Conditional

  the sub-division of a retail unit into (1) an off-licence with a new entrance and (2) a storage area, utilising the existing entrance, with all associated works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2460726

• 9 Jun 2024Conditional

  the construction of 2 no. apartment buildings, containing 40 No. apartment units comprising of 24 one bed, 16 two bed and ancillary works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2460570

• 28 Mar 2024Refused

  change of use of existing domestic garage to residential use and permission to erect a first floor extension to same building, to form a two bedroom town house. The proposed development will involve the sub-division of no. 2 Cathedral Villas, St. Johns, Limerick

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 24119

• 13 Feb 2024N/a

  change of use of existing domestic garage to residential use and permission to erect a first floor extension to same building, to form a two bedroom town house

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2443

• 22 Nov 2023Conditional

  the change of use of existing bar premises to restaurant/ take away, alterations to shopfront, new signage and associated site works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2360856

• 17 Nov 2023Refused

  the development that will consist of: (i) The demolition of a warehouse/industrial unit at No. 24 Little Gerald Griffin Street (206m2) and commercial ground floor uses with residential accommodation above at Nos 15 (27m2), 18 (120m2), 19 (362m2) Lower Gerald Griffin Street. All associated outbuildings, extensions and workshops located within and surrounding Moloney's Yard, which runs parallel to Lower Gerald Griffin Street will also be demolished. In total, the demolition comprises 1960m2; (i) The construction of a mixed-use residential and commercial development across 4 no. blocks comprising 85 no. apartment units (5 no. studios, 37 no. one-bed units, 37 no. two-bed units and 6 no. three-bed units), 2 no. commercial units in 2 no. blocks (2 and 3 ), 1 no. creche unit in block 3, the proposed buildings ranging in height from 3 to 8 storeys as follows: (a) Block 1 comprises 29 no. apartments (2 no. three-bed units, 13 no. two-bed units, 9 no. one-bed units and 5 no. studio units ) measuring 4 to 8 storeys in height. (b) Block 2 comprises 30 no. apartments (14 no. two-bed units and 16 no. one-bed units) measuring 5 to 7 storeys in height. (c) Block 3 comprises 24 no. apartments (4 no. three-bed units, 8 no. two-bed units and 12 no. one-bed units) measuring 5 to 6 storeys in height. (d) Block 4 comprises 2 no. two-bed duplex units measuring 3 storeys in height. All apartments will be provided with private balconies/terraces; (ji) The construction of 2 no. commercial units at ground floor level of Blocks 2 and 3 comprising 209sqm, and Creche unit at ground floor level of Block 3 comprising 177 sqm; (iv) The construction of 2 no vehicular access points; a vehicular entrance from the west (access from Little Gerald Griffin Street) and a vehicular exit to the south (to Lower Gerald Griffin Street) resulting in a one-way vehicular system. Pedestrian accesses are proposed to the north, south and west; (v) Provision of 32 no. car parking spaces comprising 24 no. standard spaces, 2 no. mobility spaces, 6 no. EV spaces and 1 no. unloading/drop-off spaces located at ground floor level car park located within Blocks 1, 2 and 4. (vi) Provision of 180 no. bicycle parking spaces comprising 134 no. residents' bicycle spaces, in. 3 no. bicycle storerooms in ground floor parking areas within Blocks 1, 2 and 3 and 46 no. visitor's bicycle spaces. (vi) Provision of outdoor communal amenity spaces (408m2) comprising landscaped courtyards on a podium at first floor level; (viii)

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 23555

• 20 Oct 2023N/a

  the proposed works that will include removing the existing brickwork façade in its entirety and to replace it with a mechanically fixed brick slip system / rendered cement board finish. Raising the existing parapet height and the removal of the existing handrails. Alterations to existing facades, comprising of alterations to window openings, replacement of windows & alterations to existing glazing fenestrations. The Provision of signage to the South elevation. The enclosure of the existing undercroft with full height glazing to the South-West of the existing building and installation of an internal lift from the ground floor lobby to the first floor and all ancillary site works. Limerick City & County Council has carried out an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Screening Report in accordance with the requirements of Article 120(1B)(b)(i) and has determined that there is no real likelihood of significant effects on the environment. Accordingly, it has been determined that an EIA is not required in respect of this proposed development. Nonetheless, a person may, within 4 weeks beginning on the date of the publication of this notice apply to An Bord Pleanála for a screening determination. Such a submission should be addressed to the Secretary, An Bord Pleanála, 64, Marlborough Street, Dublin 1. Limerick City & County Council has carried out an Appropriate Assessment (A) Screening Report and has determined that a full Appropriate Assessment is not required in respect of this proposed development

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 238014

• 31 Aug 2023Conditional

  construction of a first floor extension, a first floor smoking area, a second floor extension, minor elevational changes, and change of use of a portion of the existing ground floor, and the entire existing first and second floors to youth hostel accommodation and all ancillary siteworks

  Permission, 2 homes · Limerick County Council, 2360631

• 15 May 2023Conditional

  the build of a single storey extension consisting of a living room, bedroom and shower room at the side of the house and all associated site works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 23251

• 30 Jan 2023Conditional

  the development will consist of the demolition of existing showroom/sales building, storage sheds, single-storey derelict dwelling house and all other structures and boundary walls on the site. The construction of a new building of a total gross floor area of 4066square metres, ranging in height from three to seven storeys, to provide 122 no. student bed spaces (19 no. apartments) with an internal courtyard providing vehicular access from Old Clare Street, 96 no. bicycle parking spaces, 127 square metres of private open space, bin store and ESB substation. Alterations to footpaths and roads bounding the site at New Road/Pennywell Road and Old Clare Street, the creation of a designated set down area on New Road/Pennywell Road, connections to public services and utilities and all ancillary siteworks

  Permission, 1 home · Limerick County Council, 2360037

• 26 Jan 2023Conditional

  the retention of a two storey extension to the rear of the house within the curtulage of a Recorded Monument

  Retention · Limerick County Council, 2353

• 20 Jan 2023N/a

  The development will consist of the demolition of existing showroom/sales building, storage sheds, single-storey derelict dwelling house and all other structures and boundary walls on the site. The construction of a new building of a total gross floor area of 4208 square metres, ranging in height from three to seven storeys, to provide 122 no. student bed spaces (22 no. apartments) with an internal courtyard providing vehicular access from Old Clare Street to 4no. staff parking spaces, 68 no. bicycle parking spaces, 127 square metres of private open space, bin store and ESB substation. Alterations to footpaths and roads bounding the site at New Road/Pennywell Road and Old Clare Street, the creation of a designated set down area on New Road/Pennywell Road, connections to public services and utilities and all ancillary siteworks.

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2360021

• 22 Dec 2022N/a

  The development will consist of the demolition of existing showroom/sales building, storage sheds, single-storey derelict dwelling house and all other structures and boundary walls on the site. The construction of a new building of a total gross floor area of 4208 square metres, ranging in height from three to seven storeys, to provide 122 no. student bed spaces (22 no. apartments) with an internal courtyard providing vehicular access from Old Clare Street to 4no. staff parking spaces, 68 no. bicycle parking spaces, 127 square metres of private open space, bin store and ESB substation. Alterations to footpaths and roads bounding the site at New Road/Pennywell Road and Old Clare Street, the creation of a designated set down area on New Road/Pennywell Road, connections to public services and utilities and all ancillary siteworks.

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 2260016

• 13 May 2022N/a

  change of use of 3 storey office building to education facility, including permission for external signage

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 22526

• 25 Mar 2022Conditional

  for the removal of existing ground floor roof and construct first floor extension over with slate pitch roof at the rear of dwelling and all associated site works

  Permission · Limerick County Council, 22331

The 25 most recent of 60 applications.

Source: National Planning Applications, Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Applicants are not shown.

Designated sites

• Special Area of Conservation: Lower River Shannon SAC 002165

Recorded monuments

• LI005-017041 Church
  Description

  The Urban Survey of Limerick recorded the following details about St. John's Church; 'Situated in the south end of the Irish town this is listed among the churches of Limerick in the inquisition of 1201-2 (MacCaffrey 1907, 27, 28). Bishop Donatus O’Brien’s ordinance of 1204-6 specifically describes it as "within the city of Limerick", implying that it was within the walls by that time. It was included among the Limerick churches to which Geoffrey Galwey left a bequest of 6s. 8d. in 1445 (Westropp 1898, 122-3). Thomas Dineley’s sketch of 1680 shows the church as having two aisles with east windows of Gothic tracery (Shirley 1864-6, 435). The central gable had a plain rectangular window set in the arch of an older one. In the north wall were a double light with pointed heads, a single lancet and a pointed door; there was a double bell-chamber on the east gable' (Bradley et. al. 1985, 325). In 1827 the following details were recorded; 'St. John's Church forms one side of the square at the rere of John's-street, in the southern extremity of the city. The precise period of its erection cannot be ascertained, but the foundation was probably coeval with the fortification of the Irish Town in the early part of the fifteenth century. The length of the church from East to West is sixty feet, the breadth sixty-three, and the whole circumference of the church and church-yard is five hundred and fifty feet. In 1763, five hundred pounds were raised, by the voluntary contributions of the parishioners and the sale of pews, with which the church was considerably enlarged and beautified ; and since the occupancy of the present excellent Vicar, the Rev. Mr. Fitzgibbon, a neat organ has been put up and further improvements made which render the church extremely neat and commodious. Before the alterations in 1763, it contained a handsome monument of the Power family, which was surrounded by figures of the twelve Apostles carved in stone, with the family arms, &c. and underneath was the following inscription : THOMAS POWER, quondam civis Limericensis, et ejus uxor JOANNA RICE, hoc monumentum haeredibus suis construxerunt, in quo ambo sepeliuntur. Ora pro eis pius lector Quisquis eris qui transis, Sta, perlege, plora, Sum quod eris, fueramque quod es, Pro me precor ora. Hoc finito, A. D. 1622 Thomas Power, formerly citizen of Limerick, and Joanna his wife, erected this tomb for their posterity, in which both of them are interred. Pious reader, pray for them! Traveller, pause, improve your time, I, like you, have seen my prime, What I am, thou soon must be, Then prepare to follow me. Finished in the year of our Lord, 1622 The original entrance to the church was at the western door; to which it was again transferred, after the building of the square. Over the Eastern entrance in John's-street, was displayed a coat of arms handsomely cut in stone, with the following quaint inscription : Sursum Cor Contritus JOHANNES MURRAY, Aberdonensis Erected this Gate at his own Expences. Johannes Sinclair Sculpsit, 1693. Memento Mori. The inscription on a stone in the church-yard wall nearer to John's-gate, and bearing the same date, informs us that John Ford, Mayor, repaired the walls of this cemetery at his own expense after the havoc of the late siege. The Vicarage of St. John's is in the gift of the Pery family. It has a glebe house, but no glebe land; and the incumbent's income, which is extremely moderate, chiefly arises from the poundage levied on the houses in the Irish Town. According to the census of 1821 the population of the parish amounts to 11,797.' (Fitzgerald 1826-7, 558-60). Westropp gives the following details; 'It is named by Bishop Donat, 1200 and 1201, and many later documents. Fabric - It retains a few portions of the old fabric, though almost entirely remodelled. It measured 60 feet [18.3m] by 63 feet [19.2m], and had aisles. In 1680 Dyneley's sketch shows it as having two side aisles, with east windows, having rich Gothic tracery. The central gable had a plain rectangular window, with shafts, set in the arch of the older one. In the north wall were a double light, with pointed heads, a single lancet, and a pointed door; there was a double bell-chamber on the east gable. Monuments - Before the rebuilding of 1763 there was a fine monument of Thomas and Johanna Rice, 1622, and a tablet of John Foorde, Mayor, 1693, calling the church "Sancti Johannis de Sancta Cruce." Description- Fitzgerald, vol. ii., p. 558' (Westropp 1904-5, 358). Present church described by the National Inventory of Architectural heritage as a 'Freestanding double-height Romanesque style limestone church, built in 1851, on the site of a mediaeval church. Gabled west elevation with centrally-placed Romanesque portal door opening and blind arcade of three round arches at first floor level, and rose window to gable above. Square-plan three-stage tower to southwest corner, with a splay-foot pyramidal limestone spire, rising from nail-head enriched cornice, having foliate fleur-de-lis to corners and capped by foliate finial. Apsidal east end and sacristy to northeast corner. North and south sides comprising four-bay single-storey aisle elevations with clerestorey elevation articulated by shallow piers and an oculus window to each bay. Pitched natural slate roof with ridge comb tiles. Lean-to natural slate aisle roofs and five-sided natural slate apse roof. Site enclosed by rubble boundary wall altered or possibly rebuilt to the southwest side with the insertion of metal railings. Historic boundary wall recently demolished to east side. Located on the site of an eleventh-century church, Saint John's was oriented to address the open north side of John's Square. This important historic site is adjacent to the former John's Gate and the town walls where the existing Citadel is located and incorporated within Saint John's Hospital. The Catholic Cathedral of Saint John's dominates the area to the east. Saint John's was built by the architect Joseph Welland (1798-1860), in the Norman Romanesque style in 1851' (www.buildingsofireland.ie/ Reg. No. 21513039). See attached image of St. John's Church taken from Dineley's Tour of Ireland c. 1680 Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 3 October 2018

• LI005-017042 Graveyard
  Description

  Graveyard belonging to St. John's Church (LI005-017015-) in Limerick City described in the Urban Survey of Limerick (Bradley et. al. 1989, 325-6) as following; 'Situated in the south end of the Irish town this is listed among the churches of Limerick in the inquisition of 1201-2 (MacCaffrey 1907, 27, 28). Westropp (1904-5, 358) notes that before the rebuilding of 1763 there was a monument to Thomas and Johanna Rice dated 1622 and a tablet (probably a wall memorial) to John Foorde, Mayor 1693 (now in the graveyard, see Mems Dead viii (1910-12), 372). In addition there was a panel, probably from a table tomb with the symbols of the passion and a second slab with a marginal inscription to "Philip son of Maurice with a shoe and an axe (Mems Dead viii (1910-12), 376-7). The enclosing wall of the graveyard has a plaque with an inscription of 1650 recording money given by John Creagh, David Rochfort and James Bousfield for the "outworks" of the city'. A graveyard (approx. dims. 28m N-S x 41m E-W) enclosed by a stone wall mainly lies to the S of St. John's Church. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 25 July 2019

• LI005-017082 Battery
  Description

  Black Battery which according to Leask (1941, 103) was located just inside the mural tower (LI005-017010-) at SE angle of Irishtown, east of St. John's Gate in the hospital grounds in the city of Limerick (LI005-017----). This 17th century fortification was described by Leask (ibid.) as following; 'Close to the southern end of this long east wall (LI005-017010-), in the space now occupied by the New Road and for some distance from it towards the corner tower, was the breach made in the wall by the Williamite artillery in the siege of 1690. The Journal of John Stevens gives the width of the breach at its greatest — just before the besiegers withdrew some days subsequent to the fierce but unsuccessful assault — as forty paces. This agrees closely with the visible facts: the width of the road and the length of the repaired portion of the wall closer to the Black Battery (P on Map). This lay upon the rampart within the salient south-east tower, which still remains. It is shown on the older maps'. The White MSS. tells that, in from 1643 —"This Year, Dominick White being Mayor of Limerick, the east rampart from St. John's Gate, towards the green called Ana Mayor Chluoin, was made." The Civil Survey (Simington 1938, 489) throws light on the position of this latter point: The Greene, commonly called Cluone, and the Bogg on ye north …..mearing on the west with the Rampier and the walls of the South Suburbs……It is fairly evident that the Cluain, or na Clony, tower is either that tentatively identified with "Cogan's Tower" or is the south-east tower. But since the rampart behind the former is—almost certainly—a work of 1690-91, the 1643 reference in the White MSS. must be to the rampart of the south wall—east of St. John's Gate in the hospital grounds—on which stood the Black Battery of the sieges, and to the tower at the angle there; evidently the tower na Clony itself'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 21 November 2019

• LI005-017089 Bastioned fort
  Description

  The citadel standing on the medieval town defences (LI005-017010-) of Limerick was described in the Urban Survey (Bradley et. al. 1989, 280-8) as following; 'The gatehouse of the citadel still survives and is in use as part of St. John’s Hospital. This citadel itself is mentioned in the Civil Survey and from Leask’s (1941, 104) analysis of the structure it appears to have been constructed during the Confederate period. The gatehouse consists of three floors. The west half of the building at ground and first floor levels is occupied by a vaulted passage 3.2m wide running through it from north to south. It is entered through a pointed arch with dressed limestone jambs, c.4m high, in the north wall. The main section of the passage has a modern brick vault c.5m high and has large segmentally arched recesses in the east and west walls; that in the west wall has a rectangular cupboard in its west wall while that in its north wall and in with chamfered limestone in the east wall has a wall cupboard its east wall a round headed door jambs, now blocked, which led to the main ground floor chamber to the east. South of this section the passage narrows slightly and is spanned by two broad pointed arches, that to the north is 3.94m high, that to the south is 3.2m high separated by a portcullis groove and with bar-holes immediately inside (N of) the first arch. Outside (S) of these the opening in the south wall is a tall (6m high) round arch with dressed limestone jambs (?modern). Main chamber The rest of the building to the east is entered through a round headed door with chamfered limestone arch and unchamfered jambs at the east end of the north wall. On entering this door a straight stairs rises to first floor on the west while on the south is a rectangular door leading to the main chamber (c.6.15m by 4.75m) now greatly altered modern subdivisions and equipment. The only recognisable features are corbels in the north and south walls, and what seems to be a large chimney in the east wall, just at the junction with the town wall [LI005-017010-]. There is no trace of a fireplace and a modern door occupies a broken hole in the inner wall which seems to have been the site of the fireplace. The outer wall is also broken through to provide storage space. It has a modern flat ceiling. Also in the north wall is a round headed window which may be an enlarged loop with splayed flat lintelled embrasure. First floor Approached via straight stairs rising from east to west through the thickness of the north wall which is lit at first floor level by a splayed rectangular loop, flat lintelled. The main first floor chamber is entered through a rectangular door, unsplayed, on the south side of the stairs; the chamber is 6.1 by 4.6m though now sub-divided. It was roofed by a round barrel vault with wattle centering but most of this is now removed and replaced by a modern flat ceiling. Modern boards conceal the walls masking any features; however in the south wall there is a large embrasure with almost flat arch and wattle centering which has a large modern inserted window. In the extreme south-west corner is a tall rectangular loop with chamfered limestone jambs and splayed flat lintelled embrasure. Opening off the main chamber to the east at the south end is a small chamber with a segmental barrel vault now entered through modern doors occupying a rectangular opening in the original east wall of the main chamber. This chamber is lit from the south by a tall rectangular loop with chamfered limestone jambs set in a large embrasure. In the east wall is a rectangular doorway with chamfered limestone jambs; the south jamb is chamfered, however, only above the rounded moulding at the top of the batter indicating that this was originally a loop and later enlarged into a door. Second floor The stairs in the north wall continue to 2nd floor level, lit by another splayed rectangular loop. They are now blocked off, however, before reaching this level. The 2nd floor seems to have been greatly altered. Much of the external masonry is rougher and poorer and some walls apparently reduced in thickness internally, but the presence of a number of original features proves it is not totally rebuilt. There is a rectangular loop with chamfered limestone jambs in the south wall and two large round headed windows, now blocked, at the south end of the east and west walls; that in the east wall retains its chamfered limestone jambs. The 2nd floor chamber occupies the entire area of the building although now sub-divided. The north wall has two large modern sash windows; the west wall is featureless apart from a blocked round headed window; the south wall has a modern door approached from external stairs and three modern sash windows as well as a blocked loop. The east wall has a blocked round headed window and a modern sash window in a recess which was probably the site of the chimney flue. North of this the north-east angle of the building has been entirely removed and replaced by the modern walls of the hospital. There is a short section of wall, c.6m high, running south-west from the south-west corner of the gate. The city defences witnessed considerable work during the seventeenth century. In particular its key role in the Confederate and Williamite Wars necessitated considerable strengthening. The outline of the defences on fig. 62 is taken from Phillips" map (NLI). The citadel of St John’s, described above, is a mid seventeenth century structure refortified in 1690. Story’s map of the Siege of Limerick in 1690 shows two star-shaped forts to the east of the city (Lenihan 1866, op.237). A section of seventeenth century wall survives close to St. John’s hospital, some 20m north of the gatehouse. This is an L-shaped piece of walling, part of the inner works of the citadel. The main wall is 10.45m long, up to 3.3m high and 2.2m thick; there is a slight external batter and an opening 2.75m wide with a modern round arch running through the wall. From the west end of this wall a stretch of wall 7.5m long, up to 2.5m high and 1.7m thick extends north-west, and forms part of the Western bastion. The masonry of both walls is of mixed roughly coursed limestone undressed, although the archway has dressed limestone jambs and quoins. On the external face of both walls is another wall, up to 1m high and 70cms thick which is probably modern'. Hodkinson (2006) stated that 'the Citadel is thus of Cromwellian origin, built in the immediate aftermath of the 1651 siege to help secure the town rather than defend it from outside. This explains its form of a rectangle with two diamond shaped bastions, one at each of the corners facing into the town'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 21 November 2019

• LI005-017099 Castle - tower house
  Description

  Medieval castle known as 'Thom Cor Castle' in the city of Limerick (LI005-017----) described in the Urban Survey (Bradley et. al. 1989, 259) as following; 'This stood at the junction of Mungret St. and John St. in the Irish town. It appears on the 1580 map (Hardiman Mss, TCD) but was demolished in 1696 and a market house (LI005-017100-) was built on the site at a cost of £210 (Westropp 1906-7, 79). Westropp (1906-7, 79) recorded the following details on Thom Core Castle; 'It stood in the Irish Town at the junction of Mungret-street and John-street, and appears in the 1580 map (Hardiman 57). 1402 T. Balbeyn, called " Cor," leaves in his will dated March 28th, "my castle which I built in the suburbs of Limerick," leaving it to the Corporation, if his brother Henry, of Bristol, should not care to live in Limerick (Arthur MSS., Len., p. 236). 1650-54 Capt. T. Holmes repaired Core castle at a cost of £70. Also paid J. Tomson "for repair of Tom Core C[astle]." (Acct. R. 12b 13). 1657 It was held by Dr. T. Arthur, and was then a "cytadle" (C.S.,xxviii., p. 6). 1659 The C[astle]. and the three citadels were garrisoned by 200 men (C.S.P.L, p. 687). 1668 Lord Orrery was granted the front stone house adjoining Tho: Core's C[astle]. (Act. Sett.). 1696 A market house [LI005-017100-] ordered to be built on the site of Thorn Core C[astle], which is to be demolished (White MSS., Len., p. 295). This was done at a cost of £21'. According to Hodkinson (2005, 119), Thom Cor Castle was possibly an example of a late 14th century tower house. In 1402 the castle is mentioned in the will of 'Thomas Balbein, alias Cor ' where it is described 'My castle which I built in the suburb of Limerick' (ibid.) Hodkinson recorded that the 'castle measured 50ft by 30ft (c 15.25 by 9.2 m), which puts it towards the upper end of local tower house sizes' (ibid.) In the late 1980s he wrote that he 'spent several days test trenching the site of a new development at this corner to see if any foundations of the castle remained. None were noted (ibid.)'. This castle was depicted on several maps of the City including one dating from 1587 where the castle is shown as a 'tall thin tower with what appears to be an attached lower portion. Both parts are equipped with cannon' (Hodkinson 2005, 119; MPF 1/96). In 1633 the castle is depicted on a map in Pacata Hibernia as a 'round tower with a gabled roof on the lower section' (ibid., 124). A late 16th/early 17th century map of the city depicts the castle as a 'squat, rectangular, freestanding building at the road junction, with an apparently separate crenellated building to the southwest' (ibid.; TCD, MS 1209/57). Hodkinson (2005, 125) has suggested the castle may have had two doors as depicted on the Hunt map with one door leading to the ground floor, the second door giving access to the upper floors. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 21 November 2019

• LI005-017100 Market-house
  Description

  Late 17th century market house built on site of 'Thom Cor Castle' (LI005-017099-) in the city of Limerick (LI005-017----) described in the Urban Survey (Bradley et. al. 1989, 259) as following; 'stood at the junction of Mungret St. and John St. in the Irish town. It appears on the 1580 map (Hardiman Mss, TCD) but was demolished in 1696 and a market house was built on the site at a cost of £210 (Westropp 1906-7, 79). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 21 November 2019

• LI005-017106 Tomb - chest tomb
  Description

  The 'monument' of Thomas and Johanna Rice dated 1622 which seems not to have survived the rebuilding of St John's (LI005-017041-) in 1761 (Bradley et. al. 1989, 325-6; Westropp 1904-5, 358). Fitzgerald (1826-7,558-9) described this tomb as following; 'Before the alterations in 1763, it contained a handsome monument of the Power family, which was surrounded by figures of the twelve Apostles carved in stone, with the family arms, &c. and underneath was the following inscription THOMAS POWER, quondam civis Limericensis, et ejus uxor JOANNA RICE, hoc monumentum haeredibus suis construxerunt, in quo ambo sepeliuntur. Ora pro eis pius lector Quisquis eris qui transis, Sta, perlege, plora, Sum quod eris, fueramque quod es, Pro me precor ora. Hoc finito, A. D. 1622. Thomas Power, formerly citizen of Limerick, and Joanna his wife, erected this tomb for their posterity, in which both of them are interred. Pious reader, pray for them! Traveller, pause, improve your time I, like you, have seen my prime, What I am, thou soon must be, Then prepare to follow me. Finished in the year of our Lord, 1622. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 21 November 2019

• LI005-017107 Inscribed stone
  Description

  17th century plaque / wall memorial that was originally located inside St. John's Church (LI005-017041-) but later moved to the graveyard (LI005-017042-), described in the Urban Survey (Bradley et. al. 1989, 325-6) as following; 'Westropp (1904-5, 358) notes that before the rebuilding of [St. John's Church] 1763 there was a tablet (probably a wall memorial) to John Foorde, Esqr. Mayor 1693, skull and crossbones (Fogerty 1913, 372). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 22 November 2019

• LI005-017108 Graveslab
  Description

  Located in the graveyard of St John's (LI005-017042-). An inscribed stone with Latin inscription (Phillipus filius Mauricii) and symbols of a shoemaker (hence the term The Slipper Stone) described in the Urban Survey (Bradley et. al. 1989, 326) as following; 'a panel, probably from a table tomb'. A photograph taken 1910-12 suggests a distinct narrowing as in a 16th/17th century graveslab. Described by Fogerty (1913, 376-7) as following; ' "The Slipper Stone." There is one ancient slab known as "the Slipper Stone," on account of the symbols of the brogue-maker's trade on it. The symbols are two in number, the sole of a brogue and a cutting instrument used by brogue-makers. Judging by the style of lettering in the inscription, which is crude, and a mixture of Roman capitals and old English, the slab may belong to the early seventeenth century. The inscription commences at the top of the slab and continues down the right-hand side, then up the left edge, following on with the four short lines under the Philippus (the l in which word, it will be noticed, is upside down); it reads, with the contractions expended : — Philippus filius Mauricii capuc (?) . . . Hoc condidit monumentum; cujus animae propicietur Deus, Amen. I.e. Philip, son of Maurice Capuc . . . erected this monument, to whose soul God be merciful, Amen'. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 22 November 2019

• LI005-017109 Inscribed stone
  Description

  According to Urban Survey (Bradley et. al. 1989, 326) 'the enclosing wall of St. John's graveyard (LI005-017042-) has a plaque with an inscription of 1650 recording money given by John Creagh, David Rochford and James Bousfield for the 'outworks' of the city.' Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 22 November 2019

• LI005-017110 Inscribed stone
  Description

  According to Spellissy (1989, 41) in St John's graveyard (LI005-017042-) is 'a Latin-inscribed plaque in the churchyard wall ' which records the repair of the wall in 1693. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 22 November 2019

• LI005-017133 Excavation - miscellaneous
  Description

  Excavations carried out in John Street by Brian Hodkinson in 1987 prior to redevelopment were summarised as following; 'The area excavated lies at the corner of John St. and Davitt St. and measures c. 8m along John St. by c. 21m. The northern and southern boundaries are provided by the stone foundations of recently demolished buildings and a third wall foundation bisects the site longitudinally to form two plots. At the front of both plots were deep cellars which have removed all stratified deposits. All these walls are post 17th-century. Medieval features (LI005-017133-) were few, being mostly pits and depressions of uncertain function. There was one hearth, directly above the natural clay, which had been badly cut by the southern wall foundation. The absence of building remains, together with the presence of a grey-brown silty clay which covered the whole area, led to the conclusion that the area was back-yard or garden throughout the medieval period. The finds were few, being mostly pottery (imported and local) and animal bone. Seventeenth-century features were more substantial and included the remains of at least one wattle and daub structure (LI005-017135-) which had been destroyed by fire. The flue of a kiln (LI005-017134-) was also uncovered but its chamber had been destroyed by the cellars. A shallow pit at the mouth of the kiln was found to be contemporary with it and the two features seem to have formed one unit. Neither the pit nor the kiln produced definite evidence for the use of the kiln. A coin of James II was found in the demolition debris of the kiln' (www.excavations.ie). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 19 December 2019

• LI005-017134 Kiln
  Description

  Excavations carried out in John Street by Brian Hodkinson in 1987 prior to redevelopment were summarised as following; 'The area excavated lies at the corner of John St. and Davitt St. and measures c. 8m along John St. by c. 21m. The northern and southern boundaries are provided by the stone foundations of recently demolished buildings and a third wall foundation bisects the site longitudinally to form two plots. At the front of both plots were deep cellars which have removed all stratified deposits. All these walls are post 17th-century. Medieval features (LI005-017133-) were few, being mostly pits and depressions of uncertain function. There was one hearth, directly above the natural clay, which had been badly cut by the southern wall foundation. The absence of building remains, together with the presence of a grey-brown silty clay which covered the whole area, led to the conclusion that the area was back-yard or garden throughout the medieval period. The finds were few, being mostly pottery (imported and local) and animal bone. Seventeenth-century features were more substantial and included the remains of at least one wattle and daub structure (LI005-017135-) which had been destroyed by fire. The flue of a kiln (LI005-017134-) was also uncovered but its chamber had been destroyed by the cellars. A shallow pit at the mouth of the kiln was found to be contemporary with it and the two features seem to have formed one unit. Neither the pit nor the kiln produced definite evidence for the use of the kiln. A coin of James II was found in the demolition debris of the kiln' (www.excavations.ie). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 19 December 2019

• LI005-017135 Structure
  Description

  Excavations carried out in John Street by Brian Hodkinson in 1987 prior to redevelopment were summarised as following; 'The area excavated lies at the corner of John St. and Davitt St. and measures c. 8m along John St. by c. 21m. The northern and southern boundaries are provided by the stone foundations of recently demolished buildings and a third wall foundation bisects the site longitudinally to form two plots. At the front of both plots were deep cellars which have removed all stratified deposits. All these walls are post 17th-century. Medieval features (LI005-017133-) were few, being mostly pits and depressions of uncertain function. There was one hearth, directly above the natural clay, which had been badly cut by the southern wall foundation. The absence of building remains, together with the presence of a grey-brown silty clay which covered the whole area, led to the conclusion that the area was back-yard or garden throughout the medieval period. The finds were few, being mostly pottery (imported and local) and animal bone. Seventeenth-century features were more substantial and included the remains of at least one wattle and daub structure (LI005-017135-) which had been destroyed by fire. The flue of a kiln (LI005-017134-) was also uncovered but its chamber had been destroyed by the cellars. A shallow pit at the mouth of the kiln was found to be contemporary with it and the two features seem to have formed one unit. Neither the pit nor the kiln produced definite evidence for the use of the kiln. A coin of James II was found in the demolition debris of the kiln' (www.excavations.ie). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 19 December 2019

• LI005-017136 Excavation - miscellaneous
  Description

  Excavations carried out at Broad Street/Curry Lane by Kenneth Wiggins in 1989 were summarised as following; 'The site was located within Irishtown, the southern of Limerick’s two medieval walled precincts. A new housing development was planned for an area adjacent to Grattan Street, which had been cleared of earlier dwellings. Archaeological excavation was undertaken because of the site’s position on Broad Street, the main thoroughfare of Irishtown. However, trial holes revealed the street frontage to have been cellared in the 19th century; excavation therefore was confined to the rear of the area, further east towards Curry Lane, where medieval levels were relatively undisturbed. The work was funded by Limerick Corporation and lasted seven weeks. A mechanical excavator took off the surface concrete and unstratified rubble up to 1m in depth; a trench measuring 20m (north-south) by 8m (east-west) was established. The earliest evidence for occupation consisted mainly of unlined pits cut into the subsoil, a few of which were quite large. One of these features contained cess material, another some compact peaty deposits, but in general the pits were backfilled with loose garden soil. These early contents were associated with pottery sherds of 13th-14th-century date. A thick covering of homogeneous garden soil was then introduced, except at the higher south-west corner where some random spreads of ashy material and silty clays containing animal bones and wood fragments had been deposited. The garden soil accumulation was cut by a few more pits, and also by two walls of medieval origin. One of the walls was aligned east-west and divided the trench in two; it survived to a maximum height of 0.5m. Associated with this wall was a second which extended south along the east limit of the excavation for a distance of 5m, and survived to a maximum height of nearly 2m. Both walls were made of faced, unmortared limestone, and underwent rebuilding during the medieval period. Evidence for later medieval activity included a dense group of timber stakes driven into the garden soil directly over one of the largest early pits. The purpose seems to have been to consolidate ground that would not otherwise have supported the weight of a substantial structure. An unrelated wall-footing which consisted of a single east-west line of stones was situated a little to the east. Post-medieval occupation was represented by a large stone-lined drain, which had an excavated length of 3m, an internal width of up to 1m and was 1.2m deep. There was evidence for widely-spaced timber supports within the structure, and also for timber-beam roofing. The cess infill contained sherds of 17th-century pottery. The bottom of a barrel pit was also excavated. Machine clearance of demolition debris to the west of the trench exposed the base of a clay-pipe kiln. It survived as a circular brick-built surface with a diameter of 1.67m. Three flues made of brick radiated out from the kiln centre. These remains were covered by a destruction layer of stones, mortar lumps, and brick fragments, replete with many clay-pipe pieces. The markings on the pipe bowls suggest that the kiln was destroyed at the end of the 19th century. The excavation demonstrated that there were no dwellings fronting onto Curry Lane in the medieval period. The area was characterised initially by desultory pit-digging, and was probably under cultivation much of the time. Subdivision at a later stage, represented by the central east-west wall, created two properties which would have fronted onto Broad Street to the west. In the northern of these properties some structural development is implied by the presence of timber piling and by a wall footing. In the southern, there was little remaining apart from some scatters of dumped material. The advent of major housing development in the 19th century caused quite extensive destruction of the later medieval/early post-medieval levels' (www.excavations.ie). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 19 December 2019

• LI005-017137 Excavation - miscellaneous
  Description

  Excavations carried out at Charlotte's Quay by Christine Tarbett and Kenneth Wiggins in 1989 were summarised as following; 'The site was located on Charlotte’s Quay along the south side of the Abbey River, a short distance west of Broad Street. It lay on the eastern end of a large car park. The last remaining houses on the north-west side of Broad Street were demolished to make way for a new development. An excavation to the west undertaken by the OPW in 1981 by Dr Ann Lynch exposed the foundations of the medieval town wall (LI005-017010-) and the remains of a twin-towered gate known as the West Watergate. A second excavation was now carried out because trial trenches revealed the existence of stratified medieval deposits to the east of the former excavation limit, and also in order to locate the site of the ‘Castle’ (LI005-017138-) indicated on the O.S. maps of 1840 and 1871. The project was funded by Limerick Corporation and lasted seven months. A single trench was established, for the purposes of excavation subdivided into three: Area 1 (north), Area 2 (centre), Area 3 (south). Area 1 This area measured 8.5m (north-south) by 10m (east-west). Stratified deposits up to 3.1m in depth survived at the northern limit. Excavation was conducted in circumstances made difficult by tidal flooding from the Abbey River to the north. The earliest features were associated with pottery of late 12th- early 14th-century date. Among the first structures were two limestone walls aligned east-west and founded on subsoil. They were covered by organic accumulations containing wooden bowls, leather shoes and a leather scabbard and also textile fragments. A wall aligned north-south was partly constructed over the first two walls. It had an excavated length of 7.1m, and survived up to 2m in height. Later features included the sandstone-built remains of a keyhole-plan kiln (LI005-17139-). This had a cobbled chamber with an internal diameter of 0.9m and was surfaced with sandstone slabs. The western limit of Area 1 was defined by a very substantial wall aligned north-south. It had an excavated length of 10.4m and masonry survived to a height of c. 1.5m. This wall was contemporary with a second wall which extended east from its southern end for a distance of 5m. The north-south wall was penetrated by a stone-lined drain. Some post-medieval deposits were excavated, including part of a cobbled surface. Area 2 The dimensions of this area were 7.5m (north-south) by 12m (east-west). It contained stratified deposits up to 1.83m in depth. The earliest feature was a subsoil-cutting ditch aligned east-west. It was partially covered to the north by a compact layer of mortar, deposited directly on the subsoil. This material was probably in phase with the construction of the walls forming the west and south sides of Area 1 to the north. To the east of the mortar was a very large pit, at the base of which was some organic clay which produced an intact leather shoe. In general, though, the material deposited over the mortar surface and into the upper levels of the pit consisted of rather sterile clays and gravels. Two later pits, located on the eastern limit of the area, were filled with dark organic clay containing pottery sherds of 13th- 14th-century date. The pit fills were sealed by dumps of ash material containing small metal artefacts and slag. Quite a large part of the area to the south was covered with hard redeposited boulder clay. Two parallel medieval walls aligned east-west formed the north and south limits of Area 2. They pre-dated the remains of a structure located on the western side of the area. This survived as the east, north and west foundations of a square-planned building, measuring 6.73m (north-south), by 6.3m (east-west). The west wall was the best preserved. It had an external base batter, and faced stonework founded on subsoil survived to a height of 1.09m. The wall had a minimum width of 1.3m. A garderobe chute was incorporated into the north-west corner of the structure with two external outlets. These foundations have been interpreted as the remains of a tower which, based on its dimensions and locality, can be identified as the ‘Castle’ (LI005-017138-) of the O.S. maps. Area 3 This area measured 8m (north-south) by 12m (east-west). It was sited over part of West Watergate Lane, an alley that extended due west from Broad Street. About 0.7m below the modern ground level, the surface of the medieval precursor of West Watergate Lane was found intact. It survived as a cobbled road up to 3.5m in width. The limestone cobbles were randomly set and deposited in a layer up to 0.5m thick. Deep longitudinal ruts were visible in many of the stones, attesting to the passage of a great volume of wheeled traffic in medieval times. In addition, a square-planned structure, probably a tower, was sited directly over the laneway. In plan it measured 6m square. It was located about 20m east of the remains of West Watergate excavated in 1981, and 18m west of Broad Street. The remains of the north and south walls were rather fragmentary, but survived in part to 1m in height. The ends of the walls projected in towards the lane and these terminals would probably have carried an archway, one big enough to permit carriages on the lane to pass through the building. There was some evidence for the position of a gate on the west side in the form of an iron pivot attached to the base of the north wall. The lane was bounded by two walls which connected the inner structure to the main West Watergate in the circuit of the town walls. Conclusion Given that the excavation was on a large scale, and taking the findings made by the OPW in 1981, it is no surprise that a great wealth of detail has emerged relating to the layout and development of a significant portion of the north-west corner of Irishtown in the medieval period. It is perhaps to be regretted that no domestic dwellings of the period were uncovered; however, the chief objective of the work was to locate the ‘Castle’ (LI005-017138-) of the first O.S. series, indicated well to the west of Broad Street where the majority of the houses would have been assembled. Since the site of the ‘Castle’ (LI005-017138-) was indeed discovered, the excavation can be considered a success. Furthermore, the archaeological record was enhanced by the discovery of a considerable stretch of the original West Watergate Lane, together with evidence for a related tower structure as depicted on William Eyer’s map of 1752. The most important factor conditioning the settlement of this region of Irishtown was the proximity of the Abbey River on the north side. There was a dramatic drop in the level of natural clay towards the river, which would have been considerably wider than it is today. However, attempts were made in the medieval period to build as close to the river as possible, directly on the low-lying ground. These efforts were represented by the two early east-west walls in Area 1, and the more substantial north-south wall built over them. The former were probably short-lived owing to the rapid silting process inevitable at that level, while the latter seems to have been quickly superseded by the larger wall paralleled with it on the west side. This wall appears to mark the western limit of medieval land reclamation along the south side of the Abbey River. Materials deposited to the east of it were probably introduced specifically to raise the ground level for occupation purposes, though over a fairly lengthy period of time. The construction surface associated with the large western wall, the mortar-covered ground in Area 2, was itself soon buried beneath gravel and stony clays brought in to establish a new, and considerably raised, ground level. Early pits excavated in Area 2 did not seem to respect property divisions, but these were later formalised with the construction of the two east-west walls. These would have represented the north and south limits

• LI005-017138 Castle - unclassified
  Description

  Excavations carried out at Charlotte's Quay by Christine Tarbett and Kenneth Wiggins in 1989 were summarised as following; 'The site was located on Charlotte’s Quay along the south side of the Abbey River, a short distance west of Broad Street. It lay on the eastern end of a large car park. The last remaining houses on the north-west side of Broad Street were demolished to make way for a new development. An excavation to the west undertaken by the OPW in 1981 by Dr Ann Lynch exposed the foundations of the medieval town wall (LI005-017010-) and the remains of a twin-towered gate known as the West Watergate. A second excavation was now carried out because trial trenches revealed the existence of stratified medieval deposits to the east of the former excavation limit, and also in order to locate the site of the ‘Castle’ (LI005-017138-) indicated on the O.S. maps of 1840 and 1871. The project was funded by Limerick Corporation and lasted seven months. A single trench was established, for the purposes of excavation subdivided into three: Area 1 (north), Area 2 (centre), Area 3 (south). Area 2 The dimensions of this area were 7.5m (north-south) by 12m (east-west). It contained stratified deposits up to 1.83m in depth. The earliest feature was a subsoil-cutting ditch aligned east-west. It was partially covered to the north by a compact layer of mortar, deposited directly on the subsoil. This material was probably in phase with the construction of the walls forming the west and south sides of Area 1 to the north. To the east of the mortar was a very large pit, at the base of which was some organic clay which produced an intact leather shoe. In general, though, the material deposited over the mortar surface and into the upper levels of the pit consisted of rather sterile clays and gravels. Two later pits, located on the eastern limit of the area, were filled with dark organic clay containing pottery sherds of 13th- 14th-century date. The pit fills were sealed by dumps of ash material containing small metal artefacts and slag. Quite a large part of the area to the south was covered with hard redeposited boulder clay. Two parallel medieval walls aligned east-west formed the north and south limits of Area 2. They pre-dated the remains of a structure located on the western side of the area. This survived as the east, north and west foundations of a square-planned building, measuring 6.73m (north-south), by 6.3m (east-west). The west wall was the best preserved. It had an external base batter, and faced stonework founded on subsoil survived to a height of 1.09m. The wall had a minimum width of 1.3m. A garderobe chute was incorporated into the north-west corner of the structure with two external outlets. These foundations have been interpreted as the remains of a tower which, based on its dimensions and locality, can be identified as the ‘Castle’ (LI005-017138-) of the O.S. maps. Conclusion Given that the excavation was on a large scale, and taking the findings made by the OPW in 1981, it is no surprise that a great wealth of detail has emerged relating to the layout and development of a significant portion of the north-west corner of Irishtown in the medieval period. It is perhaps to be regretted that no domestic dwellings of the period were uncovered; however, the chief objective of the work was to locate the ‘Castle’ (LI005-017138-) of the first O.S. series, indicated well to the west of Broad Street where the majority of the houses would have been assembled. Since the site of the ‘Castle’ (LI005-017138-) was indeed discovered, the excavation can be considered a success. Furthermore, the archaeological record was enhanced by the discovery of a considerable stretch of the original West Watergate Lane, together with evidence for a related tower structure as depicted on William Eyer’s map of 1752. The most important factor conditioning the settlement of this region of Irishtown was the proximity of the Abbey River on the north side. There was a dramatic drop in the level of natural clay towards the river, which would have been considerably wider than it is today. However, attempts were made in the medieval period to build as close to the river as possible, directly on the low-lying ground. These efforts were represented by the two early east-west walls in Area 1, and the more substantial north-south wall built over them. The former were probably short-lived owing to the rapid silting process inevitable at that level, while the latter seems to have been quickly superseded by the larger wall paralleled with it on the west side. This wall appears to mark the western limit of medieval land reclamation along the south side of the Abbey River. Materials deposited to the east of it were probably introduced specifically to raise the ground level for occupation purposes, though over a fairly lengthy period of time. The construction surface associated with the large western wall, the mortar-covered ground in Area 2, was itself soon buried beneath gravel and stony clays brought in to establish a new, and considerably raised, ground level. Early pits excavated in Area 2 did not seem to respect property divisions, but these were later formalised with the construction of the two east-west walls. These would have represented the north and south limits of a property fronted by a dwelling located on the corner of Broad Street and West Watergate Lane. Although the excavation did not extend to Broad Street frontages, our knowledge of Irishtown as a centre for Limerick’s artisan community is augmented by the discovery of the kiln (LI005-17139-) in Area 1, possibly used for corn-drying, and with the excavation of several layers containing slag at the east end of Area 2, which point to the presence of a metal-working business along Broad Street. Otherwise there is a great variety of backyard activity represented by the remains of clay floors, stone scatters, and numerous groupings of stake-holes etc. The excavation revealed that there was much more to the defences of this quarter of the Irishtown than simply the town wall itself, and the twin-towered West Watergate excavated in 1981. The presence of an inner gate tower and walls flanking the lane which connected that structure to the main gate conveys a definite concern with security. This is confirmed by the subsequent appearance of the tower or ‘Castle’ (LI005-017138-) adjoining the inner gate tower from the north. This desire for strong fortifications is probably a reflection of the strategic location of the West Watergate close to Baal’s Bridge, the only link between Irishtown and Englishtown, or King’s Island, to the north. In the wake of the 18th-century reconstruction of the city, West Watergate Lane was resurfaced and continued as a route leading to Broad Street. However, the other monuments outlined above were levelled and their foundations covered over' (www.excavations.ie). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 19 December 2019

• LI005-017139 Kiln - corn-drying
  Description

  Excavations carried out at Charlotte's Quay by Christine Tarbett and Kenneth Wiggins in 1989 were summarised as following; 'The site was located on Charlotte’s Quay along the south side of the Abbey River, a short distance west of Broad Street. It lay on the eastern end of a large car park. The last remaining houses on the north-west side of Broad Street were demolished to make way for a new development. An excavation to the west undertaken by the OPW in 1981 by Dr Ann Lynch exposed the foundations of the medieval town wall (LI005-017010-) and the remains of a twin-towered gate known as the West Watergate. A second excavation was now carried out because trial trenches revealed the existence of stratified medieval deposits to the east of the former excavation limit, and also in order to locate the site of the ‘Castle’ (LI005-017138-) indicated on the O.S. maps of 1840 and 1871. The project was funded by Limerick Corporation and lasted seven months. A single trench was established, for the purposes of excavation subdivided into three: Area 1 (north), Area 2 (centre), Area 3 (south). Area 1 This area measured 8.5m (north-south) by 10m (east-west). Stratified deposits up to 3.1m in depth survived at the northern limit. Excavation was conducted in circumstances made difficult by tidal flooding from the Abbey River to the north. The earliest features were associated with pottery of late 12th- early 14th-century date. Among the first structures were two limestone walls aligned east-west and founded on subsoil. They were covered by organic accumulations containing wooden bowls, leather shoes and a leather scabbard and also textile fragments. A wall aligned north-south was partly constructed over the first two walls. It had an excavated length of 7.1m, and survived up to 2m in height. Later features included the sandstone-built remains of a keyhole-plan kiln (LI005-17139-). This had a cobbled chamber with an internal diameter of 0.9m and was surfaced with sandstone slabs. The western limit of Area 1 was defined by a very substantial wall aligned north-south. It had an excavated length of 10.4m and masonry survived to a height of c. 1.5m. This wall was contemporary with a second wall which extended east from its southern end for a distance of 5m. The north-south wall was penetrated by a stone-lined drain. Some post-medieval deposits were excavated, including part of a cobbled surface. Although the excavation did not extend to Broad Street frontages, our knowledge of Irishtown as a centre for Limerick’s artisan community is augmented by the discovery of the kiln in Area 1, possibly used for corn-drying, and with the excavation of several layers containing slag at the east end of Area 2, which point to the presence of a metal-working business along Broad Street. Otherwise there is a great variety of backyard activity represented by the remains of clay floors, stone scatters, and numerous groupings of stake-holes etc. The excavation revealed that there was much more to the defences of this quarter of the Irishtown than simply the town wall itself, and the twin-towered West Watergate excavated in 1981. The presence of an inner gate tower and walls flanking the lane which connected that structure to the main gate conveys a definite concern with security. This is confirmed by the subsequent appearance of the tower or ‘Castle’ (LI005-017138-) adjoining the inner gate tower from the north. This desire for strong fortifications is probably a reflection of the strategic location of the West Watergate close to Baal’s Bridge, the only link between Irishtown and Englishtown, or King’s Island, to the north. In the wake of the 18th-century reconstruction of the city, West Watergate Lane was resurfaced and continued as a route leading to Broad Street. However, the other monuments outlined above were levelled and their foundations covered over. Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 19 December 2019

• LI005-017146 Excavation - miscellaneous
  Description

  Excavations carried out at 5-7 John's Gate by Celie O Rahilly in 1999 under licence No. 99E0362 were summarised as following; 'This site was at the eastern end of the south side of St John's Square, abutting the last house. It was within the town wall [LI005-017010-], to the west of the site of John's Gate. It was to have been tested with two cuttings. However, on arrival at the site following the demolition on 5 August 1999, it was found that a machine cutting had already been opened without archaeological supervision. The trench was approximately central to the site. The western section was cleaned off and drawn at 1:10. A panel along the base of the section was also cleaned. In this, one sherd of local medieval pottery was found at the southern end. Tight against the base of the section was a small cavity through stones. This was not opened. A post-hole was 0.18m from the baulk, and there was a pit that was partially excavated. Three bands of layers were identified in the section. The upper one was post-medieval, and the next, identified by the pottery, was of medieval date. There were no finds from the lowest one. Given the presence of such archaeological material, the decision was taken to omit the proposed cellar from the new development' (www.excavations.ie). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 19 December 2019

• LI005-017150 Excavation - miscellaneous
  Description

  Archaeological testing carried out at Broad Street/Charlotte’s Quay (Rear of), by Ken Hanley under licence no. 01E0268, the results of which were summarised as following; 'Testing was carried out in advance of a proposed apartment development at the rear of Broad Street/Charlotte’s Quay. The site incorporated a 2240m2 area (roughly), flanked to the west by an extant portion of the town wall and to the east by White Wine Lane. The majority of the site was occupied by a 1960s tarmacadamed carpark. A small amount of archaeological investigation work carried out at the site in 1981 (Lynch 1984) had revealed a very limited amount of surviving medieval archaeology owing to the large-scale destruction caused by the insertion of the existing carpark. The site was tested (Trenches 1–5) on 31 March and 1 April 2001. As expected, substantial damage had been caused by the insertion of the carpark, but a suspected 18th-century well and part of a late 13th/early 14th-century foundation wall were identified. A limited amount of subsequent excavation and monitoring was carried out on 21 and 22 April 2001. The 12m (east–west) by 4.5m excavation area centred mainly on the limestone foundation wall (C.5), which was located at the northern end of the site at c. 5.31m OD. The wall (interpreted as a medieval garden wall) was c. 6.5m long (east–west) by 0.5–0.85m wide. At either end it consisted of only one course, but deepened to four courses towards the centre. The foundation fill consisted of a dark silty clay (C.10), traces of which were identified within the rubble core of the wall. The foundation cut directly into the natural subsoil. To the immediate north-west of the wall was a small patch or spread of stony dark grey silty clay (C.17) with frequent charcoal flecks. This produced three sherds of green-glazed medieval pottery. The western end of the wall truncated a subcircular pit (C.12), which measured c. 1m by 0.79m (min.) by c. 0.23m deep. The base of the pit was filled with grey silty clay which produced fragments of oyster shell, horns (cattle and goat) and a single sherd of local green and brown glazed pottery. The upper fill consisted of c. 0.12m of dark brown silty clay with small fragments of cattle bone. The only other archaeological feature encountered consisted of a subrectangular pit (C.15), 1.6m by 1.05m by c. 0.54m deep, c. 1m to the north-west of C.12. It was backfilled with a largely homogeneous deposit of mid/dark brown silty clay with frequent charcoal flecks and occasional shell fragments and some goat(?) and cattle horn. The pit did not produce any pottery. An 18th-century well (C.4), located at c. 6.05m OD in Trench 1, was photographed and planned but was not excavated. It was subcircular in plan and was constructed of roughly faced (internally) limestone blocks and smaller stones. Some hand-made red bricks were retrieved from the main body of the well during the initial site investigation. Both the excavated evidence and the cartographic evidence suggest that this area of Irish Town remained relatively undeveloped until well after 1600, and possibly after 1744' (www.excavations.ie). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 20 December 2019

• LI005-017172 Excavation - miscellaneous
  Description

  Excavations undertaken at the Milk Market by Celie O Rahilly under licence No. 93E0088 was summarised as following; 'Several foundation- and pipe-trenches were monitored during the course of the development. These were located within the Milk Market and produced nothing of archaeological interest. For the most part there seems to have been substantial amounts of fill put in place in the 17th and 18th centuries. However, in Cutting 5, to the west of the market, the angled base of a tower was located. This consisted of the external face of the inside edge of what was presumably a corner D-shaped tower which marked the change in direction of the city wall. The wall itself was defined cutting through the west side of the Milk Market and not along its external perimeter as was previously supposed. It ran north-north-eastwards for approximately 35m and then angled northwards to line up with the stretch of wall along Carr St. It measured c. 1.7m wide and was 0.3m below the cobbled surface of the Milk Market. While the inside face was almost entirely exposed, the external face was only defined in places. Further cuttings along Corn Market Row were opened in January 1994 in advance of paving a new footpath. For the most of its length, the core of the wall was defined: the inner face seems to have been removed by later intrusions, (cables, culverts and the base of the present Milk Market wall), while the external face lay beyond the line of the proposed path. However, the external face was defined at two points. One at the west end, close to where it would have joined the corner tower, and one at the east end where it would have met the gate on Mungret St. This stretch does not align with the extant wall on the east side of Mungret St.' (wwww.excavations.ie). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 23 December 2019

• LI005-017182 House - 16th century
  Description

  Medieval one and a half storey high rectangular house aligned E-W with W gable facing onto Curry Lane or Curry's Lane as it is annotated on OSi 25-inch which was known in the 1654 Civil Survey as East Langable and on 18th century maps as East Langable or Curra Lane (O'Flaherty 2010, 15). The term langable comes from land gable and was used to describe the rear boundary properties in the taxation of medieval burgage plots (ibid., 11). The cut-stone round-headed doorway with chamfered jams is visible in the centre of the N wall with niche for stone plaque directly overhead with window sill of dormer window above this feature. The house was modified with the insertion of redbrick architectural features possibly in the early 18th century. A datestone (LI005-017188-) from 1733 was taken from this house and has now been inserted into the N facade at the entrance to United Drug office at the junction of Curry Lane and Old Clare Street. The S wall of the house was remodeled with the insertion of redbrick windows and the blocking up of the cut stone openings which probably dates from 1733. The house now stands in the car parking area of United Drug company. This stone house was one of 23 stone houses listed in Irishtown in the 1654-56 Civil Survey of Limerick City (Simington 1938). Medieval town house [NIAH Reg. No. 21513035] within the walled city of Limerick (LI005-017---) described in 2012 as following; 'Located along Curry Lane surrounded to the rear by United Drug premises. The extant stone structure, which western façade fronts onto Curry Lane, is an important architectural remnant of the later medieval period particularly as there are few secular architectural remains within Irishtown dating from this period. The remaining original fabric suggests that the structure would have originally been used as domestic accommodation within the walled town of Limerick. It is dated to between 1550‐1600 based on the architectural details extant and visible (i.e. windows and doors). The building was described by the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage [NIAH] as a detached square‐plan (though the NIAH describes the structure as being square in plan it is in fact rectangular, please refer to plans). It is a roofless rubble limestone structure, built c. 1500s, facing west with a three‐bay street‐fronted elevation cropped to first floor level with a section of first floor elevation surviving to south and much of north and south‐facing side elevations remaining. Large roughly squared quoins to south corner of façade and south‐facing side elevation. Multiple‐bay two‐storey coursed rubble limestone south‐facing side elevation with squared rubble stone ground floor level changing at first floor level where stones are laid on the flat. Concrete block courses terminate first floor level. Random rubble stone walls with in and out squared and tooled limestone quoins. Several camber‐ and segmental headed window and door openings to west and south elevations, now mostly blocked‐up, with the north elevation having the most intact late medieval façade. To west (street‐facing) elevation there is a blocked‐up red brick camber‐arched opening and both of later origins. Lower sections of window surround uprights, possibly original, also survive. To south elevation is a roughly carved limestone window frame with limestone slab voussoirs above. Also to south elevation are a number of red brick arched and framed openings of more modern origins. Two red brick openings may originally have formed chimneystack. The north elevation is the most intact with limestone surrounds to openings with limestone flag voussoirs. One bay possibly formally composed, is composed of a blocked‐up round‐arch door opening with arch formed of a single carved limestone having a squared limestone frame above and limestone relieving arch surmounted by bricked‐up window opening with limestone surround and central mullion. The east elevation appears to be a party wall or masonry internal dividing wall, which has one red brick formed segmental‐arch opening. Limited internal access has revealed limestone corbels, which once supported floor beams. Reports suggest that this site is a terrace of three‐storey buildings of late medieval origins, which had a secular use, and may have been an almshouse. No reference is made on the Civil Survey, however, to an almshouse in this location. The stone structure is in poor repair but retains a number of quite significant elements including: limestone mullioned window frames, round‐arch door openings and limestone corbels. This site is of great importance, as one of the few known above ground late medieval remains of secular architecture in this historic part of the city. Broad Street was once the main thoroughfare linking Mary Street (called High Street when recorded on a Map prepared by Westropp in 1919 of Limerick c. 1690) on King's Island with Irish Town and John's Gate, where the citadel was located. Curry Lane (referred to as Curry's on 1872 Ordnance Survey was roughly parallel with Broad Street to the east, and further east the medieval town walls ran roughly parallel to both streets. Another Curry Lane, now demolished, ran perpendicular to the other Curry Lane. Still surviving today on Broad Street are a number of distinctly medieval narrow lanes such as Joynt's Lane, which link with Curry Lane. This structure in fact, would appear to have been once located at the junction of Curry Lane (or Curry's Lane) and the Curry Lane, which ran perpendicular to the west' (www.buildingsofireland.ie) (Coyne 2012). Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien based on details provided by Frank Coyne of Aegis Archaeology Date of upload: 6 January 2020

• LI005-017187 House - indeterminate date
  Description

  Three storey high building ( L. 8.25m) of indeterminate date within the walled city of Limerick (LI005-017----) located at the N end of Curry (Curry's) Lane on the corner with the junction of Flag Lane which runs along the N side of the building, Sullivan’s Lane runs along the S façade of this multi-period stone built building with evidence of brick infill. 16th-century house (LI005-017182-) located 20m to SE. Compiled by: Caimin O’Brien based on details provided by Nicola Matthews Date of upload: 26 July 2022

• LI005-017188 Inscribed stone (present location)
  Description

  A datestone (LI005-017188-) from 1733 was taken from a medieval house (LI005-017182-) and has now been inserted into the N facade at the entrance to United Drug office at the junction of Curry Lane and Old Clare Street. To see a 3D model of this stone visit, https://skfb.ly/owFXK Compiled by: Caimin O'Brien Date of upload: 3 August 2022

Architectural heritage

• The Milk Market, market building, 1780–1820 · Regional interest
  Description

  Irregular quadrangular-plan multiple-bay single-storey limestone market building, built c. 1800, forming four ranges around an enclosed courtyard market space. Used as a corn market, c. 1840. Extensively renovated and restored c. 1995. The southwest range comprises a three-bay two-storey classically composed centrepiece articulated at ground floor level by three round-arched openings, flanking by single-storey ranges. The street facing elevation and courtyard elevation are faced in red brick laid in Flemish bond at first floor level, with parapet above having limestone ashlar dressing comprising limestone sill course and rusticated quoining. Limestone ashlar ground floor elevation with plinth base and platband at the level of the springing of the arches. Square-headed window openings, with red brick soldier course, patent rendered reveals, limestone sills, replacement six-over-six timber sash windows. Centrepiece flanked by squared random rubble limestone ranges with double-arched ashlar limestone gate openings. Squared random rubble limestone walls to ranges with angled corner to south and northwest. Rusticated limestone ashlar quoins to corners and angled corner elevations. Limestone ashlar eaves course throughout. Carriage arch opening to southwest elevation comprising limestone ashlar breakfront, with elliptical arch having stringcourse at springing of arch; parapet above with limestone coping; modern metal gates. Original square-headed door openings with limestone block-and-start surrounds, and modern plank timber doors. Large square-headed openings, c. 1995, with cement surrounds. Courtyard elevations comprising limestone Doric arcade supporting timber eaves entablature with cornice have mutules to soffit. Cornice incorporating profiled cast-iron gutters. Arcade closed throughout by tongued and grooved timber partition walls, with numerous glazed double shop door openings. Central three-bay two-storey building has a hipped natural slate roof and two red brick chimneystacks rising from a brick parapet wall to side elevations. Pitched slate roof to ranges. Cast-iron rainwater goods. Cobble lock pavement to courtyard.

• House, 1880–1900 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached two-bay three-storey red brick building, built c. 1890, with a traditional pub shopfront. Hipped natural slate roof with. Cast-iron rainwater goods. Red brick walls laid in English garden wall bond, having dog-tooth cornice beneath limestone coping on parapet wall. Rendered chimneystacks, irregularly placed and of varying size, flush with party wall. Ruled and lined rendered side and rear elevations. Gauged red brick flat-arched window openings with exposed brick reveals, painted stone sills and aluminium casement windows. Shopfront comprises three panelled pilasters joined by replacement timber fascia and flanking two fixed pane timber display windows on timber sills with three overlights and rendered stallriser beneath. Wrought-iron sill guard manufactured by J. Bethell of Limerick. Double-leaf timber-panelled door leaf.

• Post box, 1910–1930 · Regional interest
  Description

  Freestanding cast-iron pillar box, erected c. 1920, on the south end of Broad Street. On a plinth base with no insignia or maker's name. Fluted dome capping.

• House, 1880–1900 · Regional interest
  Description

  Corner-sited end-of-terrace two-bay three-storey brick building, built c. 1890, with a four-bay side elevation and modern timber shopfront. Hipped artificial slate roof with brick chimneystack having clay pots and cast-iron rainwater goods on moulded brick eaves course. Raised rendered parapet wall with moulded brick cornice and coping. Red brick walls laid in English garden wall bond. Gauged brick flat arch window openings with fluted limestone keystones, limestone sills, and replacement uPVC casement windows. Round-arched window openings to ground floor of side elevation including two round-arch door openings all with limestone keystones, uPVC windows and double-leaf panelled timber doors with plain fanlight. Further door opening to east with tongued and grooved timber door leaf. Modern traditional style shopfront to façade.

• Store/warehouse, 1790–1810 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached two-bay two-storey building, built c. 1800, with a curvilinear gabled façade c. 1920, and rubble limestone exposed side elevation. Pitched natural slate roof with plastic rainwater goods. Painted rendered front elevation with copper flashed coping to parapet wall. Parapet surmounted by ball finials to either side and obelisk finial surmounting central curvilinear section. Rubble limestone faced side elevation with localised red brick filling. Square-headed window openings, rendered reveals, painted limestone sills, replacement uPVC casement windows. Square-headed window openings to side elevation squared by red brick sides and flat arch, and limestone sill, and glazed with replacement uPVC casement windows. Blocked-up openings also evident on side elevation. Traditional style modern timber shopfront.

• House, 1850–1890 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached two-bay three-storey house, built c. 1880, forming a possible re-facing or substantial rebuilding of an earlier building. Distinguished by segmental-arched window openings and a traditional style timber shopfront. Hipped natural slate roof with ridge perpendicular to the parapet. Rendered chimneystack to north party wall, significantly pre-dating the extant structure. Cast-iron rainwater goods. Red brick walls laid in English garden wall bond with cement pointing. Ground floor elevation to south earlier than elevation to upper floors with red brick and limestone quoins. Ruled and lined rendered side and rear elevations. Red brick segmental-arched window openings, red brick reveals, limestone sills and eight-over-two timber sash windows with arced upper sash and ogee horns; coloured glass panes to upper sashes. Timber shopfront comprising plain pilasters flanking display window and plank timber shop door, and separate door opening to upper floors and joined by plain timber fascia with simple timber cornice.

• House, 1550–1600 · National interest
  Description

  Detached square-plan roofless rubble limestone structure, built c. 1500s, facing west with a three-bay street-fronted elevation cropped to first floor level with a section of first floor elevation surviving to south and much of north and south-facing side elevations remaining. Large roughly squared quoins to south corner of façade and south-facing side elevation. Multiple-bay two-storey coursed rubble limestone south-facing side elevation with squared rubble stone ground floor level changing at first floor level where stones are laid on the flat. Concrete block courses terminate first floor level. Random rubble stone walls with in and out squared and tooled limestone quoins. Several camber- and segmental-headed window and door openings to west and south elevations, now mostly blocked-up, with the north elevation having the most intact late medieval façade. To west (street-facing) elevation there is a blocked-up red brick camber-arched opening and a three-centred arched openings both of later origins. Lower sections of window surround uprights, possibly original, also survive. To south elevation is a roughly carved limestone window frame with limestone slab voussoirs above. Also to south elevation are a number of red brick arched and framed openings of more modern origins. Two red brick openings may originally have formed chimneystack. The north elevation is the most intact with limestone surrounds to openings with limestone flag voussoirs. One bay possibly formally composed, is composed of a blocked-up round-arch door opening with arch formed of a single carved limestone having a squared limestone frame above and limestone relieving arch surmounted by bricked-up window opening with limestone surround and central mullion. The east elevation appears to be a party wall or masonry internal dividing wall, which has one red brick formed segmental-arch opening. Limited internal access has revealed limestone corbels, which once supported floor beams.

• Johnsgate House, house, 1870–1890 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached three-bay three-storey red brick building, built c. 1880, with a pedimented central parapet and gable front entrance porch. Extension to rear. Hipped natural slate roof with terracotta ridge tiles and a chimney to either end. Both projecting from the wall above ground floor level. A further red brick chimney surmounts the pediment. Stone coping and kneeler stones to pediment with moulded red brick eaves course supporting replacement metal rainwater goods. Red brick walls laid in English garden wall bond. Red brick parapet entablature with moulded red brick frieze architrave at the level of the soffit of the second floor window openings, rising to form steep arc over central window opening. Segmental-arched window openings, red brick arches, reveals, limestone sills and replacement uPVC casement windows. Gabled front door porch with round arch door opening having stepped red brick arch with drip mould above and raised and fielded panelled timber door with fanlight above. Opening onto limestone steps with wrought-iron bootscraper. Small front site railed off from public realm with wrought-iron railings on modern brick plinth wall with intermediary red brick piers.

• School, 1880–1900 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached five-bay two-storey with attic storey red brick former school, built in 1888. Emphasis is given to the central entrance bay achieved by a curvilinear gabled entrance porch with niche to first floor level. Niche flanked by red brick piers with moulded red brick sill course, and moulded brick archivolt with central keystone. Curvilinear Dutch style limestone ashlar pediment above with plaque reading: 'Rev Brother J. P. Welsh Memorial Schools 1888'. Centrally-placed two-storey return to rear. Pitched artificial slate roof with terracotta ridge comb tiles and cast-iron rainwater goods. Drop in ridge level to centre bays suggests a ridge light was once placed there to illuminate the circulation spaces within. Single red brick chimneystack with stringcourse and cornice. Square-plan cast-iron rainwater goods. Walls of façade and side elevations faced in red brick laid in English garden wall bond with cement re-pointing. Limestone plinth course at ground floor level, profiled red brick sill course to ground and first floor level window openings, returning along side elevations. Profiled red brick eaves cornice to façade only. Gable parapet to side elevations with limestone coping with ends supported on limestone corbels. Limestone date plaque, obscurely located on façade reads: 1888. Coping joined by limestone stringcourse and surmounted at apex by limestone finial. Rendered rear and return elevation, c. 2000. Square-headed window openings to façade at first floor level with red brick arches with terracotta keystones, profiled limestone sills, and red brick window aprons beneath. Segemental-arched window openings to façade at ground floor level forming tripartite arrangement to ground floor of southeast side elevation, with red brick segmental arches beneath moulded red brick dripstones with terracotta keystones, limestone sills and red brick window apron beneath. To southeast side elevation at first floor level there is a Venetian opening with red brick piers joined by round arch having terracotta keystone, moulded red brick dripstone above, extending over sidelights, profiled limestone sill with red brick window apron beneath. Replacement uPVC windows throughout. Red brick porch comprising piered sides rising to form a cornice from which springs the round arch of the door opening, which is joined by a terracotta to the parapet cornice above which a curvilinear parapet rises to support a limestone ashlar triangular pediment with red brick infill. Limestone plaque to pediment with emblem reading: Signum Fideli. The former school is located on a corner site with squared and coursed rubble limestone boundary wall enclosing site from Hatters Lane and Francis Street. Rebuilt front site boundary wall and railings.

• Store/warehouse, 1770–1800 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached three-bay five-storey limestone former corn store, built c. 1780, with an attic-storey with a limestone carriage arch to southeast side. Renovated c. 1995 and converted to apartment and retail use. Pitched artificial slate roof behind high parapet wall with a half hipped gable to rear. Cast-iron rainwater goods. Squared and snecked limestone ashlar front elevation and roughly squared and snecked rubble walls to sides and rear; all now re-pointed in cement. Square-headed window openings with cut limestone lintels and replacement cut limestone sills and uPVC windows. Segmental-headed centrally-placed loophole rising from first floor level to forth floor level, with cut limestone voussoirs and limestone lintel at each floor level; all now glazed with uPVC windows. Square-headed window openings to façade, limestone lintel, reveals and sills, and replacement uPVC windows. Possibly rebuilt segmental-arched window openings to side and rear elevations, squared off with red brick and limestone sills, all now glazed with uPVC windows. To north elevation is a recessed glazed stairwell, c. 1995, with a brick segmental-arched door opening with timber door. Below loophole is a square-headed door opening with glazed double-leaf timber door and overlight. To south is a segmental headed brick arch opening with ashlar limestone pier from which hang steel gates giving vehicular access to sides and rear.

• Saint John's Church, church/chapel, 1850–1860 · Regional interest
  Description

  Freestanding double-height Romanesque style limestone church, built in 1851, on the site of a mediaeval church. Gabled west elevation with centrally-placed Romanesque portal door opening and blind arcade of three round arches at first floor level, and rose window to gable above. Square-plan three-stage tower to southwest corner, with a splay-foot pyramidal limestone spire, rising from nail-head enriched cornice, having foliate fleur-de-lis to corners and capped by foliate finial. Apsidal east end and sacristy to northeast corner. North and south sides comprising four-bay single-storey aisle elevations with clerestorey elevation articulated by shallow piers and an oculus window to each bay. Pitched natural slate roof with ridge comb tiles. Lean-to natural slate aisle roofs and five-sided natural slate apse roof. Cast-iron rainwater goods. Limestone ashlar chimneystack with square-plan base tapering to form cylindrical shaft with decorate capping. Squared and snecked tooled limestone ashlar walls throughout with smooth limestone ashlar dressing including plinth course, sill courses, dentil enriched eaves course and copings with supporting corbel blocks to gable parapet walls. Five-sided apse with limestone ashlar piers with squared and snecked walls and dentil enriched eaves band. Single and paired round-arched aisle windows to aisle and apse elevations with limestone ashlar reveals, flush canted sills and plain glazing, c. 1980. Windows obscured by metal security grilles. Clerestorey oculi with flush limestone ashlar surrounds and leaded geometric tracery with wired glass, c. 1980. Round-arched recess to upper stage of tower with pair of round-arched lancet windows. Rose window to west elevation with chevron enriched limestone ashlar surround, limestone tracery and early leaded coloured glass obscured by weather glazing. Round-arched door opening with three-quarters engaged columns with cushion capitals supporting plain ashlar limestone archivolt with detailed architrave. Modern plank timber door. Opening flanked by sidelights with similar treatment with plain glazing. Nave terminated by apsidal chancel framed by single-pointed arch on clustered colonnetes and raised on limestone platform. Rubblestone walls exposed above sill level to apse. Arcaded nave elevations with oculi to clerestorey above; arcade comprising octagonal limestone columns with entasis, cushion capitals and limestone voussoirs to arches. Original A-frame roof structure with principal rafters rising from limestone mask corbels; localised replacement of timber secondary rafters which repeat stop-chamfered detailing of originals. New timber floor covering and accretions, c. 2004. Located on ancient church grounds forming an island site around which thoroughfares run, with multiple historically and architecturally significant tombs, table tombs and grave markers. Site enclosed by rubble boundary wall altered or possibly rebuilt to the southwest side with the insertion of metal railings. Historic boundary wall recently demolished to east side.

• Saint John's Church, mausoleum, 1870–1880 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached limestone mausoleum, dated 1873, with tetrastyle temple front in the Doric order. Limestone ashlar walls with Doric pilaster supporting plain entablature and pediment. Entablature returning along side and tapering to a finish on the rear elevation. Square-headed door opening with limestone architrave. Panelled cast-iron door leaf with vent holes to upper panels and cast-iron relief goat figure above ribbon band with raised lettering: 'Che Sara Sara 1873'. Limestone plaque to side elevation reads:' Here Lieth the Mortal Remains of Francis Russell Who Died the 25th day of August 1800. He was an Affectionate Husband a Kind and Indulgent Parent a true friend & an honest Man.' Another plaque reads: 'John Norris Russell Dedicted this Monument to his Father Francis Russell A tender Husband An affectionate Parent A kind Friend & an honest Man'. Located to the north of the church grounds flush with the boundary enclosing the site, abutting a two-storey structure.

• Saint John's Church, mausoleum, 1840–1860 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached limestone mausoleum on a raised limestone podium, built c. 1850, for the Unthank family, with an aedicular façade in the Doric order. Limestone ashlar walls with Doric pilasters supporting plain entablature and blocking course. Entablature returning along side elevations. The ashlar stonework facing has been recently removed from the street-facing east elevation. Square-headed door opening with Greek Revival limestone lugged architrave. Panelled cast-iron door leaf with vent holes to upper panels and cast-iron raised lettering: Unthank. Limestone plaque to south side elevation reads: 'I.H.S.The remains of Robert Unthank, Esq. are deposed in this monument. Who died May 1814, aged 26 years. Also the remains of his mother Mrs. Mary Unthank. Who died Sep. 22, 1847 aged 75 years. And his sister, Mrs. Percy Scanlan who died February 4th 1829, aged 37 years.' Limestone plaque to north side reads: 'IHS. To the memory of John Unthank, Esq. of Thomas-Street on this city who departed this life on the 19th February, 1849, aged 57 years. This monument is erected as a small testimony of the respect and affection of his sorrowing wife and childred.' Vault possibly located beneath podium. Located to the north of the church grounds flush with the boundary enclosing the site, abutting a two-storey structure.

• Saint John's Hospital, hospital/infirmary, 1780–1996 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached multiple-bay three-storey over basement hospital building, built after 1787, facing north abutting the remains of the town walls to the rear and incorporating the medieval citadel which is attached to the west. Two multiple-bay three-storey twentieth-century blocks attached to either end of the front elevation. Pitched artificial slate roof with cast-iron rainwater goods and two rendered chimneystacks with stringcourses and stepped cappings. A lean-to single-storey corridor section to the front has an artificial slate roof behind a crenellated parapet, having stone coping and cast-iron rainwater goods. Squared and snecked random limestone walls. Square-headed window openings to main section with moulded surrounds splayed sills and aluminium windows. Ashlar limestone surrounds to corridor section with canted limestone sills and aluminium windows with a limestone dripstone course over the three centre bays. The elevated site is enclosed by high rubble stone walls and high steel railings to south, c. 1950 with two pairs of gates. Further west is an arched opening with rusticated render walls, a keystone and frieze above with raised lettering reading: 'Saint John's Hospital'. Surmounted by a broken topped rendered scrolled pediment with a central pedestal having raised date: 1780. Decorative steep gates, c. 1950, and limestone gate stop, with limestone setts beneath. Possible former gate lodge with pedimented limestone doorcase, now in use as a goods store. Medieval wall with arched opening of former citadel encloses a forecourt.

• Saint John's Hospital, convent/nunnery, 1890–1910 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached five-bay two-storey over basement rendered former nuns' residence, built in 1900, with a centrally-placed single-bay two-storey pedimented entrance breakfront. Hipped natural slate roof with intersecting gabled breakfront roof. Cast-iron rainwater goods. Rendered chimneystack with cornice and moulded clay pots. Channel rusticated basement level, with smooth rendered walls to ground and first floor level with rusticated quoins to façade corners and breakfront. Limestone ashlar plinth course delineates ground floor level. Corbelled eaves cornice returning along breakfront beneath pediment with cruciform masonry finial. Square-headed window openings with moulded architraves at first floor level, aedicular surrounds to ground floor level comprising panelled uprights on limestone sills with console brackets supporting pediments. Rusticated rendered reveals to basement openings. uPVC windows throughout. Limestone ashlar aedicular doorcase comprising panelled uprights with console brackets supporting triangular pediment. Double-leaf plank timber door leaf, c. 2000. Steps to front door flanked by rendered walls with square-plan panelled limestone piers and coping. Linked to Saint John's hospital by multiple-bay link to rear. Hard surface front site enclosed from road by squared and snecked limestone wall with limestone ashlar gate piers and modern steel gates.

• House, 1750–1770 · National interest
  Description

  End-of-terrace five-bay three-storey over basement townhouse, built c. 1760, with compositional emphasises given to centrally-placed entrance bay with round-arched opening to first floor and oculus above at second floor level. Built facing south with a shopfront opened to two easternmost bays and to east-facing side elevation, opened c. 1970. Two-bay three-storey rendered house attached to northeast, originally a return to No. 5. Hipped artificial slate roof with ovolo profile eaves cornice supporting cast-iron gutter. Cast-iron downpipes and plumbing provisions. Limestone ashlar faced front elevation. Squared and coursed rubble limestone basement elevation and east-facing side elevation. Roughcast rendered rear elevation. Pebbledash rendered return. Square-headed window openings, limestone voussoirs and keystones, painted reveals, profiled limestone sills, two-over-two timber sash windows, c. 1850, with uPVC windows to second floor level. Hinged four-paned window to oculus. Square-headed door opening with limestone ashlar lugged and kneed architrave, raised and fielded panelled timber door and glazed overlight; arrived at by a bridged limestone flagged front door platform flanked by rendered red brick plinth walls with limestone copings, which returns around the western bays enclosing a basement area. Basement area east of door opening covered over. Shop to easternmost bays opened by the removal of the masonry window pier and limestone sills, and the insertion of a steel joist; voussoirs of windows survive. Timber shopfront to side of no historical value. Interior retaining original dogleg closed string staircase with ramped timber handrail and paired Doric newel posts at half landing level. Interior also retains original skirting to principal room at first floor level, with raised and fielded panelled timber door leaf, lugged and kneed shutter box architrave and raised and fielded panelled window back. Heavy mid eighteenth-century running mould cornice.

• House, 1740–1760 · National interest
  Description

  Terraced three-bay three-storey over basement limestone former townhouse, built in 1751, compositionally united with No. 3 by a red brick niche beneath blind red brick oculus at second floor level. In use as clubhouse. Full-height two-bay return to rear. Front site basement area enclosed from pavement. both with limestone ashlar surround. Pitched artificial slate roof with profiled eaves course supporting cast-iron rainwater goods. Squared and coursed limestone rubble walls with rubble limestone basement elevation and rendered rear elevation. Limestone architrave to niche and oculus. Square-headed window openings with limestone voussoirs, patent rendered reveals, limestone sills and uPVC windows throughout. Square-headed door opening with painted limestone ashlar lugged and kneed architrave, raised and fielded panelled timber door and glazed overlight, c. 1980; arrived at by a bridged concrete surfaced front door platform flanked by modern rendered plinth walls supporting steel railings, which returns around the western bays enclosing a basement area.

• House, 1740–1760 · National interest
  Description

  Corner-sited terraced three-bay three-storey over basement limestone former townhouse, built in 1751, compositionally united with No. 4 by a red brick niche beneath blind red brick oculus at second floor level. Full-height two-bay return to rear. Front site basement area enclosed from pavement, both with limestone ashlar surround. Pitched artificial slate roof hipped to west, with profiled eaves course supporting cast-iron rainwater goods. Squared and coursed limestone rubble walls with rubble limestone basement elevation and rendered rear elevation. Limestone architrave to niche and oculus. Square-headed window openings with limestone voussoirs, patent rendered reveals, limestone sills and uPVC windows. Six-over-six timber sash windows to basement level. Three-centred arched door opening, c. 1820, with limestone arch, rendered reveal; painted doorcase comprising engaged Composite order columns, with responding pilasters joined by fluted frieze breaking forward over sidelights; sidelights with geometric glazing bars, over panelled bases; radiating webbed fanlight with lead detailing; raised and fielded panelled timber door and glazed overlight, c. 1980. Front door arrived at by a bridged limestone flagged front door platform flanked by modern plinth wall to east and original rubble limestone wall to west, returning on the curve, and supporting wrought-metal railings with pineapple finial, c. 2000. Concrete steps to basement area.

• House, 1740–1760 · National interest
  Description

  Corner-sited terraced three-bay three-storey over basement limestone former townhouse, built in 1751, compositionally united with No. 1 by a red brick niche beneath blind red brick oculus at second floor level. Full-height two-bay return to rear. Front site basement area enclosed from pavement. Pitched artificial slate roof hipped to west, with profiled eaves course supporting cast-iron rainwater goods. Squared and coursed limestone rubble walls with rubble limestone basement elevation and squared and coursed rubble limestone two-bay three-storey over basement return elevation. Limestone architrave to niche and oculus. Square-headed window openings with limestone voussoirs, cement rendered reveals, limestone sills; six-over-six timber sash windows to ground and first floor level and six-over-three timber sash windows to second floor level, all c. 1870. Square-headed door opening with limestone ashlar lugged and kneed architrave, raised and fielded panelled timber door, c. 1980, and glazed overlight; arrived at by a bridged limestone flagged front door platform flanked by rubble limestone plinth walls with limestone copings, which returns to enclose the basement area to east and west bays; raised and fielded panelled timber door and glazed overlight, c. 1980. Front door arrived at by a bridged limestone flagged front door platform flanked by modern plinth wall to east and original rubble limestone wall to west, returning on the curve, and supporting wrought-metal railings with pineapple finial, c. 2000.

• Town/city walls, 1590–1650 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached square-plan two-bay two-storey over basement heavily fortified medieval limestone guard house, built c. 1625, with a battered base, and a large pointed arch opening giving access to a passage running through the building. Hipped artificial slate roof with uPVC rainwater goods. Random rubble limestone walls to the upper half and squared and coursed rubble limestone lower section. Large tooled in and out limestone quoins to the visible corners with rounded corners. Two gauged brick camber-arched window openings to first floor level dating to the nineteenth century, with red brick reveals, limestone sills, and uPVC windows. Two loop hole openings to north elevation and two more elaborately carved loop hole windows to south elevation with a bull nose moulded stringcourse beneath. To the north elevation is a pointed-arched carriage arch giving access to a partial brick barrel vault. A cement covered passage descends through the building to meet a further similar arch with a lower pointed arch attached, set within a double-height round-arched recess to south elevation. Within the passage to either side is a segmental-headeded arch with limestone voussoirs. An additional carved limestone arch is half sunken. To north elevation near ground floor level is a further round-arched window opening with carved lintel. Carved limestone door opening to the corner with a limestone relieving arch and modern timber door access by concrete steps.

• Surgery/clinic, 1880–1900 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached corner-sited seven-bay two-storey red brick former dispensary, built c. 1890, facing east with a front railed area and a central raised gabled breakfront. Hipped artificial slate roof with replacement metal rainwater goods supported on a dentilled cornice to eaves. The central single-bay breakfront has a large pediment with natural slate covering and terracotta dentil cornice supported by a pair of red brick pilasters flanking a recessed frame with egg-and-dart frame and a modern inscribed panel. Red brick walls lay in stretcher bond with a red brick pilaster flanking each bay. Camber-headed window openings with a fluted terracotta keystone and terracotta cyma reversal stringcourse. Nosed limestone sills with uPVC windows. The breakfront has a single round-headed window opening with red brick voussoirs and terracotta fluted keystone and uPVC window on a nosed limestone sill course to the entire breakfront. Similar round-headed door opening with a terracotta rosette to either side and a modern hardwood double-leaf timber-panelled door opening onto three limestone steps and flanked by a low rendered wall with red brick plinth course and a moulded limestone coping supporting wrought-iron railings and a pair of wrought-iron gates. To north side elevation is a further round-headed door opening with keystone and timber-panelled door flanked by a pair of round-headed window openings with one-over-one timber sash windows on limestone nosed sill.

• Unknown, 1890–1910 · Regional interest
  Description

  Corner-sited four-bay two-storey red brick building, built c. 1900, facing west, with three bays to north side elevation. Hipped artificial slate roof with replacement metal rainwater goods supported on red brick eaves with an angled brick course. Red brick walls laid in Flemish bond with a full-height pair of red brick pilasters to the centre and another to each end. Camber-headed window openings with a rendered fluted keystone, limestone sills and replacement uPVC windows. Rendered walls to rear and side elevations with windows to side elevations as per front elevation and a single camber-headed door opening with similar keystone and a modern hardwood panelled door with overlight and limestone step.

• House, 1750–1755 · National interest
  Description

  End-of-terrace three-bay three-storey over basement limestone townhouse, built in 1751, facing north and compositionally linked to neighbouring building by a pair of lancet windows at ground floor level and a red brick faced niche and oculus above, and which together forms one side of the square. Rendered single- and two-storey structure attached to rear returning at the corner with Barrack Lane. Artificial slate hipped roof on an L-plan. Rendered chimneystack with plain clay pots. uPVC rainwater goods. Partially coursed random rubble limestone walls to the front and side elevation with ashlar limestone quoins turning the corner of the façade, retaining historic lime mortar finish, with cement re-pointed to basement level and lower part of ground floor level. Limestone ashlar architrave to niche and oculus. Rear elevation in cement render. Square-headed window openings to front elevation with limestone flat arch voussoirs, limestone ashlar sills, patent rendered reveals and replacement uPVC and timber casement windows. At second floor level the historic three-over-six timber sash windows have been modified to form swing-out casements. Two window openings to side elevation, c. 1970, one blocked-up. Large camber-arched openings to rear elevation with bipartite uPVC windows, possibly nineteenth-century. Square-headed front door opening, with limestone voussoirs above original lugged painted limestone architrave and flat-panelled timber door, c. 1990. Front site basement area enclosed by rubble limestone plinth wall surmounted by concrete coping, c. 1990, and replacement wrought-metal railings. Railings return on a curve to meet the concrete front door platform. Metal stairs to basement area, c. 2000. Flat-roofed structure to basement area.

• House, 1750–1755 · National interest
  Description

  Corner terraced three-bay three-storey over basement limestone townhouse, built in 1751, with a full-height two-bay return and compositionally linked to neighbouring building by a pair of lancet windows at ground floor level and a red brick faced niche and oculus above, and which together forms half of one side of the square. Artificial slate hipped roof on an L-plan. Rendered chimneystack with plain clay pots. uPVC rainwater goods. Partially coursed random rubble limestone walls to the front elevation with cement re-pointed throughout. Limestone ashlar architrave to niche and oculus. Square-headed window openings to front elevation with limestone flat arch voussoirs, limestone ashlar sills, limestone reveals and replacement uPVC windows at second floor level, reproduction six-over-six timber sash windows at first and ground floor level. Two-over-two timber sash window to lancet opening. Window opening to north of door in basement opening is infilled with limestone and brick, small narrow vent remaining. Square-headed front door opening, with limestone voussoirs above original lugged limestone architrave and flat-panelled Teak timber door, c. 1995. Basement door opening with located under front door platform and retains a limestone ashlar lintel. Front site basement area enclosed by rubble limestone plinth wall surmounted by concrete coping, c. 1990, and replacement wrought-metal railings. The plinth wall and railings return on a chamfered corner to meet the concrete front door platform. Metal stairs to basement area, c. 2000. Flat-roofed structure to basement area. To Barrack Lane there is a former gate opening forming an abrupt rubble limestone quadrant convex screen wall with square-plan piers and modern metal roller shutter gate. The wall continues northwards to form a squared and coursed limestone wall with later opening inserted, c. 2000. Single-bay rubble limestone single-storey outbuilding with loft level may also be associated with this building.

• House, 1750–1755 · National interest
  Description

  Corner terraced three-bay three-storey over basement limestone townhouse, built in 1751, with a full-height two-bay return and compositionally linked to neighbouring building by a pair of lancet windows at ground floor level and a red brick faced niche and oculus above. Gabled slate roof on an L-plan. Limestone ashlar eaves cornice supporting cast-iron rainwater goods, and limestone coping to gabled wall. Partially coursed random rubble limestone walls to the front elevation with original pointing to front elevation. Limestone ashlar architrave to niche and oculus. Square-headed window openings to front elevation with limestone flat arch voussoirs, limestone ashlar sills, patent rendered reveals and multiple paned casement windows at second floor level, replacement six-over-six timber sash windows at first and ground floor level. Two-over-two timber sash window to lancet opening. Square-headed front door opening, with limestone voussoirs above original lugged limestone architrave and flat-panelled timber door, c. 1990. Opening directly onto the pavement.

• House, 1750–1755 · National interest
  Description

  Terraced three-bay three-storey over basement limestone townhouse, built in 1751, with a full-height two-bay return and compositionally linked to neighbouring building by a pair of lancet windows at ground floor level and a red brick faced niche and oculus above. Pitched slate roof on an L-plan. Limestone ashlar eaves cornice supporting cast-iron rainwater goods. Partially coursed random rubble limestone walls to the front elevation with original pointing to front elevation. Limestone ashlar architrave to niche and oculus. Square-headed window openings to front elevation with limestone flat arch voussoirs, limestone ashlar sills, patent rendered reveals and multiple paned casement windows at second floor level, replacement six-over-six timber sash windows at first and ground floor level. Two-over-two timber sash window to lancet opening. Square-headed front door opening, with limestone voussoirs above original lugged limestone architrave and flat-panelled timber door, c. 1990. Opening directly onto the pavement.

• House, 1750–1755 · National interest
  Description

  End-of-terrace five-bay three-storey over basement limestone townhouse, built in 1751, distinguished on this side of the square by a limestone ashlar symmetrical façade. Attached building to the east. Hipped slate roof. Limestone ashlar eaves cornice supporting cast-iron rainwater goods. Square-headed window openings to front elevation with limestone flat arch voussoirs, limestone ashlar sills, patent rendered reveals and six-over-six and three-over-six timber sash windows. Two-over-two timber sash window to lancet opening. Square-headed front door opening, with limestone voussoirs above original lugged limestone architrave and replacement flat-panelled timber door. Front site basement area currently opening directly onto the pavement.

• Fountain, 1860–1870 · Regional interest
  Description

  Freestanding limestone ashlar and polychrome marble Gothic Revival style drinking fountain, erected c. 1865. Square-plan form built on a stepped limestone plinth base, with cruciform high-pitched gabled elevations surmounted by an octagonal limestone spire. Gable supported by limestone piers with quarter engaged coloured marble columns supporting cinquefoil pointed arch over. All elevations similar. North and south elevations have trefoil panel with green marble infill, broken to south and both quite eroded. Semi-circular basins, half missing to north, chipped to south. Water tray extant on both elevations. Pointed arch drip mould over each trefoil connected by stringcourse over east and west elevations. Three smaller trefoils occupy east and west elevations infilled with orange marble and contrasting green marble balls, which are in poor condition. A camber-arch is located at podium level. Limestone inscription plaques are located in the upper section, all apart from the east one, are intact. A plaque reads: 'The inhabitants of St. John's Square are earnestly requested to protect this fountain from injury'. Another plaque reads: ' This fountain was erected by the suggestion of the late Isaac Unthank Esq. former Hon. Sec. of the Society for the benefit of the inhabitants of St. John's Parish and for which the corporation have granted a free supply of water.'

• Cathedral House, presbytery/parochial/curate's house, 1890–1895 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached three-bay three-storey stone parochial house, built in 1891, with a single-bay gabled breakfront and a triple-gabled rear elevation and two-storey L-plan return. Pitched gable-ended roof with three perpendicular pitched roofs to rear and a further T-plan pitched roof to the two-storey return. All natural slate with limestone coping to gable ends. Four limestone ashlar chimneystacks with tapering capping stones and clay pots. Cast-iron rainwater goods throughout. Coursed random roughly tooled limestone ashlar walls with lime mortar pointing. Fine tooled limestone quoins. Square-headed window openings with stone flat arch voussiors, chamfered reveals and lintels. A pointed-arch hood mould to the second floor of each side elevation with recessed panel. This is repeated to the gable breakfront over a bipartite window. Each is flanked by a blank corner niche with Gothic detailing. A further bipartite window opening to the first floor with trefoil heads. uPVC windows throughout. A tripartite arrangement to the ground floor consists of a central pointed-arch door opening with hood mould and similar sidelights. Double-lead tongued and grooved timber door with foliate wrought-iron hinges. Sidelight windows have leaded coloured glass and wrought-iron grilles. Oculus window to north side elevation with quatrefoil stained glass window. Front and rear site enclosed by limestone plinth wall supporting wrought-iron railings.

• Sarsfield Memorial, monument, 1880–1885 · Regional interest
  Description

  Freestanding bronze statue of Patrick Sarsfield on an ashlar limestone pedestal, erected in 1881, standing close to the street in the front lawn of the presbytery of Saint John's Cathedral. The bronze figure stands pointing in seventeenth-century costume with a sword upon a heavy cornice atop an inscribed pedestal within an enclosure of wrought-iron railings on an ashlar limestone wall. Engraved to front: 'To commemorate the indomitable energy and stainless honour of General Patrick Sarsfield Earl of Lucan the heroic defender of Limerick during the seiges of 1690 and 1691 died from the effects of wounds received at the Battle of Landen 1693. This site was granted by the Right Revd. George Butler Lord Bishop of Limerick to the trustees. Ambrose Hall J.P. Robert W.O'Brien William Spillane J.P.' Inscribed to the side: 'This memorial was inaugurated by the reformed corporation in 1841. Lay dormant with some spasmodic attempts at resusitation until 1875 when the Mayor of that year Ambrose Hall J.P. took the matter up and continued such brought to completion.'

• J.J. Moloney, house, 1830–1870 · Regional interest
  Description

  End-of-terrace two-bay two-storey house, c. 1850, incorporating carriage arch leading to outbuildings. Two-bay two-storey house attached to rear with lean-to entrance section. Pitched fibre cement tiles with red brick chimneystack to the north. Cast-iron and uPVC rainwater goods. Rendered walls with quoins to the edges and around the carriage arch. Square-headed window openings with recessed two-over-two timber sash windows with exposed sash box and stone sills. Two-over two timber sash windows to rear elevation. Shopfront with Art Deco styled lettering on fascia board. Raised and field panelled timber door with over lights, flanked by display windows covered with metal grilles. Collection of whitewashed single- and two-storey outbuildings to rear in use as ironworks workshop.

Designated sites: National Parks and Wildlife Service. Recorded monuments: Sites and Monuments Record, National Monuments Service. Buildings: National Inventory of Architectural Heritage. Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Works at or in relation to a recorded monument need two months' written notice to the National Monuments Service (National Monuments (Amendment) Act 1994, section 12).

Radon

About 1 in 10 homes in this area is likely to have high radon levels. Testing a home

Landslides

Susceptibility low (inferred), on the 1:50,000 map; parts are made ground and water.

Terrain model

LiDAR of the Office of Public Works, flown in 2011, at 2 m: tile OPW_973 (ZIP).

Flooding

The flood maps of the Office of Public Works: floodinfo.ie.

Radon Risk Map of Ireland, Environmental Protection Agency; Landslide Susceptibility Classification, Geological Survey Ireland; both CC BY 4.0. LiDAR: contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey Ireland & the Office of Public Works) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence.

No address of the register names Irishtown with five sales or more. The sales of the area are on the page of Co. Limerick.

Name

Irishtown · An Baile Gaelach

Area

251,586 m² (25.16 ha, 62.17 acres)

Civil parish

St. John's, and its townlands

Barony

North Liberties

Electoral division

Market, the unit of the census

Census 2022

Market electoral division: 2,253 people in 899 households; 18% of households own their home; 44% of homes were built since 2001; 9% of dwellings stood vacant on census night, and 0% were holiday homes.

Neighbouring townlands

Killalee, Monamuck, Prior's-Land, Spital-Land

Placenames

Irishtown on logainm.ie, the Placenames Database of Ireland

Townlands, civil parishes, baronies and electoral divisions, National Statutory Boundaries, Tailte Éireann, CC BY 4.0. Census 2022, Small Area Population Statistics by electoral division, Central Statistics Office, CC BY 4.0. A townland is the smallest land division of Ireland, and the unit of a rural address; old registers such as the 1901 and 1911 censuses file it under its civil parish and barony.