Gardens

495 registered freehold parcels lie mostly in Gardens, from 1 m² to 9,268 m² (0.93 ha, 2.29 acres). The dashed line is the townland's boundary; 16 neighbouring parcels touch it.

Download the townland: DXF, in Irish Transverse Mercator metres, with its boundary, parcels and buildings; GeoJSON or KML.

• R2Existing Residential (Existing residential)
  Kilkenny City and County Development Plan 2021-2027, Kilkenny · 343 parcels The zoning objective in the plan
• M2General Business (City/Town/village Centre, central area)
  Kilkenny City and County Development Plan 2021-2027, Kilkenny · 139 parcels The zoning objective in the plan
• S5Community Facilities (Mixed/general community services/facilities uses)
  Kilkenny City and County Development Plan 2021-2027, Kilkenny · 6 parcels The zoning objective in the plan
• G5Amenity / Green links/Biodiversity conservation/ Open Space/Recreation (Mixed/general 'green'/recreation/conservation, other)
  Kilkenny City and County Development Plan 2021-2027, Kilkenny · 4 parcels The zoning objective in the plan

Source: Tailte Éireann and the Department of Housing (MyPlan), national zoning, CC BY 4.0.

• 8 Sept 2026N/a

  for the front garden parking space, front porch, rear garden shed and roof covering area to the side and rear of the house

  Retention · Kilkenny County Council, 2675

• 19 Jun 2026N/a

  to omit Condition No. 15 of Reg. Ref. 146/02 which states 'The proposed development shall be for hotel use with associated restaurant and bar use only. Any other use should be subject of a separate planning application”. There are no works proposed as part of this application.

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2660383

• 3 Feb 2026Unconditional

  of P20/611

  Extension of duration · Kilkenny County Council, 2613

• 23 Dec 2025Refused

  of planning permission reference 19/724

  Extension of duration · Kilkenny County Council, 25135

• 9 Dec 2025N/a

  for refurbishment of the existing two-storey derelict townhouse, demolition of the existing two-storey rear return, construction of a new two-storey rear extension, construction of a rear garden shed, provision of a new vehicular access to the rear of the property, construction of a new boundary wall, and all associated site development works.

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2560794

• 9 Dec 2025Conditional

  for Refurbishment of the existing two-storey derelict townhouse, demolition of the existing two-storey rear return, construction of a new two-storey rear extension, construction of a rear garden shed, provision of a new vehicular access to the rear of the property, construction of a new boundary wall, and all associated site development works.

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2560797

• 2 Dec 2025Conditional

  for a change of use of a gymnasium/fitness facility to commercial and short term accommodation and to include the installation of a first floor with all associated site works

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2560777

• 14 Oct 2025Conditional

  for change of use from a Meat Processing Plant to a Restaurant

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2560657

• 13 Oct 2025Conditional

  to retain single storey front porch extension to existing two storey dwelling. Including all associated site works

  Retention · Kilkenny County Council, 25112

• 22 Aug 2025Conditional

  The development will consist of New Special Educational Needs Accommodation along with new / replacement Specialist Room & Lab Accommodation specifically; a) The relocation of existing attenuation tank to the eastern side of school and the construction of a part two and part three storey extension addressing the Granges Road (1736m2); b) Demolition of existing single storey building (433m2) and the construction of a new two storey extension to provide Special Education Needs Classrooms and ancillary accommodation (1113m2); c) Provision of bicycle parking and 12 No. additional car parking spaces dedicated to the Special Educational Needs Accommodation; d) Roof mounted PV panels; e) Relocation of 2 No. ballcourts within the site; and f) All associated site & ancillary works

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2560540

• 29 Apr 2025Conditional

  FOR DEVELOPMENT TO CONSIST OF CHANGE OF USE OF EXISTING BETTING OFFICE INTO A CAFÉ. THE DEVELOPMENT WILL CONSIST OF CHANGE OF USE OF BETTING OFFICE UNIT INTO COFFEE & CAKE AREA, KITCHEN, SITTING AREAS AND TOILETS AT 72.4 SQM AND THE PROVISION OF A NEW SIGNAGE TOGETHER WITH AN EXTERNAL AWNING OVER THE EXISTING SHOP FRONT

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2560225

• 28 Mar 2025N/a

  to construct 2 separate extensions to rear of cottage, bedroom 12.6 sq.m., Kitchen 13.44 sq.m., internal modifications and connection to existing public sewer system plus all associated site works

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2521

• 7 Feb 2025Conditional

  to retain two storey rear extension to rear of dwelling, including all associated site works

  Retention · Kilkenny County Council, 2511

• 24 Jan 2025Conditional

  for (1) a change of use from a Meat Processing Plant to a Catering Takeaway and sit-down Restaurant, (2) external signage and (3) all associated site works

  Retention · Kilkenny County Council, 2560031

• 10 Jan 2025Refused

  for widening of existing vehicular access onto Troy’s Lane, removal of car-port, extension of rear yard and all associated works

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2560008

• 13 Dec 2024Conditional

  for the proposed conversion of existing store and living area over shop into 1no. self-contained flat

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2460636

• 11 Dec 2024Conditional

  of unauthorised demolition of a dwelling at No. 22 Green Street, Kilkenny. Planning Permission is also sought for the reconstruction of No. 22 Green Street to provide for a 3 bedroom dwelling over rear access archway, plus all associated site works, landscaping, infrastructure and site enclosures. No. 22 Green Street, Kilkenny is located within the St. Canices Architectural Conservation Area,

  Retention, 1 home · Kilkenny County Council, 2460624

• 3 Oct 2024N/a

  for development at this site. The development will consist of a change of use for the first floor, where a previous planning permission was granted for a restaurant but used as a sleeping room and storage. The door of the apartment will open onto the street. We are changing the size of the front window to fit the door

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2460469

• 17 Sept 2024Refused

  change of use from private residential property to commercial office at 01 Priory Square, Dean Street, Kilkenny. The development will consist of the demolition of an external wall, new signage to the front facade and all associated site & ancillary works. The site is located within the St Canice’s Architectural Conservation Area

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2460444

• 3 Apr 2024N/a

  for the construction of 23 no. dwelling units consisting of; 5 no. 3 bedroom terraced houses, a two-storey duplex block consisting of; 2no. one bedrooms units and 2no. two bedroom units, a four-storey duplex and apartment building consisting of; 2no. one bedroom apartments 4 no. two bedroom apartments, 6 no. three bedroom two-storey duplex units, 2 no. four bedroom two-storey duplex units, along with undercroft parking at lower ground level accessed off of Blackmill St.; the demolition of the existing Black Cat public house and associated outbuildings, demolition of the existing forecourt structure and associated shop, removal of existing services, surface parking spaces, internal roads and footpaths, stepped pedestrian access through to Dominic Street, surface level carparking, cycle parking, refuse storage, public lighting, landscaping and public realm upgrade works, and all associated site works

  Permission, 23 homes · Kilkenny County Council, 2460158

• 20 Mar 2024Conditional

  for development at this site. The development will consist of: Improved interpretative and informational signage for St. Canice’s Round Tower and graveyard/cathedral close area, Gardens, Kilkenny, located within the area of archaeological potential of Kilkenny and within the grounds of the Protected Structure of St. Canice’s Cathedral. 2 signs consisting of laminate panels (600mm x 350mm) to be erected along the existing pathway around the graveyard. 1 stainless steel supporting leg per sign to be fixed into concrete block beneath ground level. Signs will be at a height of 700mm from ground level. 1 existing standing pillar sign opposite tower to be replaced with one-sided totem sign. 2 stainless steel supporting legs to be fixed to existing concrete block. Totem sign will be 700mm x 1530mm at a height of 400mm from ground level

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2460137

• 14 Feb 2024N/a

  for Improved Interpretation for St. Canice’s Round Tower and graveyard/cathedral close area, consisting of information panels. 2 signs consisting of laminate panels (600mm x 350mm) to be erected along the existing pathway around the graveyard. 1 stainless steel supporting leg per sign to be fixed into concrete block beneath ground level. Signs will be at a height of 700mm from ground level. 1 existing standing pillar sign opposite tower to be replaced with one-sided totem sign. 2 stainless steel supporting legs to be fixed to existing concrete block. Totem sign will be 700mm x 1530mm at a height of 400mm from ground level.

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2460061

• 25 Jan 2024Conditional

  for works to the existing out-buildings and the area outside the Waterbarracks entrance at Kilcreene Lodge, Kilcreene, Co. Kilkenny. The development site is located within the curtilage of a Protected Structure ‘Kilcreene Lodge’ Ref B117 and NIAH Ref. 12401927. The alterations will consist of the demolition of one no. out building, extension and alterations to two outbuildings, the construction of three stables and one new outbuilding. Upgrade works are also proposed to the area outside the entrance at the Waterbarracks to include, new bollards, kerbing and resurfacing the roadway and all associated site development and ancillary works

  Permission · Kilkenny County Council, 2460031

• 10 Nov 2023N/a

  for the reconstruction of No. 22 Green Street to provide for a 1 bedroom dwelling over rear access archway, plus the construction of two 2 bedroom single storey dwellings and one 1 bedroom single storey dwelling, plus all associated site works, landscaping, infrastructure and site enclosures No. 22 Green Street, Kilkenny is located within the St. Canices Architectural Conservation Area.

  Permission, 4 homes · Kilkenny County Council, 2360514

• 24 Oct 2023Conditional

  for retention of extensions to existing dwelling and all associated site works

  Retention · Kilkenny County Council, 2360468

The 25 most recent of 67 applications.

Source: National Planning Applications, Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Applicants are not shown.

Designated sites

• Special Area of Conservation: River Barrow and River Nore SAC 002162
• Special Protection Area: River Nore SPA 004233

Recorded monuments

• KK019-024 Ritual site - holy well
  Description

  At the base of a steep slope on the S bank of the Breagagh River, c. 300m WSW of Black Abbey Dominican friary (KK019-026021-) and c. 450m SW of St Canice’s Cathedral (KK019-026029-) which is N of the river. Known as St Canice’s well, though commonly called ‘Kenny’s well’ (Carrigan 1905, vol. 3, 190-91). In the mid-13th century, Geoffry de Tourville, Bishop of Ossory (1244-50), granted a conduit of water from this well to the friars of Black Abbey (ibid. 190). The bishop’s successor, Hugh of Glendalough (1251-60), gave the entire charge of the well to the same friars, who were also granted the field containing the well (ibid.). Carrigan (ibid. 190-91) quotes from Archdeacon Lynch’s De Praesulibus Hiberniae, compiled c. 1670, who describes how the well, ‘is visited by many for devotional purposes or to secure relief from various maladies. The well is situated at the base of a hill with a steep incline. Over it is an arched building, furnished on the inside with stone benches. A stream of water flows uninterruptedly therefrom into the adjacent Braegach river. Those who, labouring under any infirmity, come here to implore the intercession of St. Kenny, having drunk of the health-giving water of the holy well, and invoked the Divine help, have been very frequently restored to perfect health’. Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 23 September 2020

• KK019-026001 Town defences
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded.  To access available  information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage,  The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie. See attached photographs: KK019-026001-_01 Talbot's Tower KK019-026001-_02 A 15th/16th-century stretch of the town wall of the Hightown was recorded  by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil (07E0366) on the S bank of the river Breagagh at No. 6 Watergate Street  KK019-026001-_03 A 15th/16th-century stretch of the town wall of the Hightown was recorded  by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil (07E0366) on the S bank of the river Breagagh at No. 6 Watergate Street  KK019-026001-_04 Profile of town wall on Abbey Street, E-facing section (E38330)

• KK019-026021 Religious house - Dominican friars
  Description

  The Dominican Priory of the Holy Trinity, known as 'the Black Abbey', was founded by the younger William Marshal (d. 1231) in 1225 (Carrigan 1905, Vol. 3, 176-190; Gwynn and Hadcock 1970, 226; Farrelly et.al. 1993, 16). The medieval church was a large T-plan structure with an aisled nave; its surviving remains include the nave with a S aisle, the S transept, crossing tower (1527) and the 15th-century W tower. An impressive Decorated-style five-light window, the largest of its kind in Ireland, fills almost the entire S gable of the S transept. The chancel was demolished in 1775 and it, along with the overall plan of the church and its cloisters, is depicted as ruinous on the 1758 John Rocque map of Kilkenny. The E end of the chancel and a section of its tiled floor were recorded in excavations by Frank Ryan in 2000 (Ryan 2000, unpublished; 2002) and parts of its N and S walls and a mortared floor level were unearthed in 1976 in excavations by Raghnall O Floinn (Cahill and Sikora 2011, vol. 2, 345–7). The claustral buildings, situated to the N of the church, were described in 1540 as including a church, belfry, dormitory, chapter house, ‘castle’ over gate, granary, king’s chamber, prior’s chamber, ‘small castle’, toft and Will Dowlaghe’s chamber (Gwynn and Hadcock 1970, 226). Geophysical survey in the prior’s garden (between the River Breagagh and the N side of the church) identified parts of the cloister and N range as well as other structures (Leigh 2004). An upstanding section of a reconstructed medieval window, part of the W range, is present beside the River Breagagh. The church was set within a large precinct that extended from Blackmill street in the W, where sections of its precinct wall foundations have been discovered in excavations (Reid 1996, unpublished; 1997; Ryan 2000, unpublished; 2002) as far as the City Wall in the W, the Breagagh in the north and probably as far as the Tilbury Tower in the S (Ó Drisceoil 2019, unpublished). As was typical for the Dominicans they located their house outside of the City Walls, within its own walled enclosure. A series of monumental slabs and stone coffins, the earliest dating from the 13th century, are to be found within the precincts of the church, most located in the yard outside the S transept (Bradley 1980). The S transept was integrated into the present church when the building was restored for worship in the 19th century, along with the 13th-century nave and aisle, and the 16th-century tower. A 14th-century limestone figure of St Catherine of Alexandria – protectress of the Dominican order – is to be seen in the priory museum and a 15th-century sculpted representation of the Trinity, carved in alabaster, discovered during the restoration work of the early 19th century, is now kept in a glass case attached to the S wall of the S transept. The Black Abbey is the only one of the medieval houses still in the possession of the Dominican Order. See attached photograph: KK019-026021-_01 taken by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 22 March 2022

• KK019-026022 Ritual site - holy well
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026023 Bridge
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026025 Bridge
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026026 Bullring
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026027 Chapel
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026028 Cross - Wayside cross
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026029 Cathedral
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026030 Almshouse
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026031 House - medieval
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026032 Castle - unclassified
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026033 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026034 Architectural fragment
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026035 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026036 Chapel
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026072 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  Partial remains of urban tower house situated at No. 10 Irishtown, the corner of Irishtown and St Canice's Place, to S of the former Bull Inn (KK019-026107-). The standing remains of the building were uncovered in archaeological investigations (97E0318) by Edmond O'Donovan (O'Donovan 1997, unpublished). Removal of modern renders from the interior and exterior of the then standing two-storey building revealed the relatively intact N and S ground-floor walls of a house which was dated by O'Donovan to the mid 16th/early 17th century based on a diagnostic dressed limestone chamfered single-light rectangular-headed window and a large timber-lintelled fireplace. The N wall (L 4.2m; H 2.85m; Wth 0.8m) of well-coursed limestone rubble bonded with lime mortar contains the late medieval window and a fragment of a second window dressed limestone chamfered single-light rectangular-headed window at the beginning of first-floor level. Because the building was constructed on soft ground it has subsided slightly, giving the ground-floor window a slightly lopsided appearance. The S wall (L 15.5m from the street frontage; H 2.5m) contains an internally-splayed doorway, possibly original, centrally placed within the wall, and 0.7m W of this, a large timber-lintelled fireplace (Wth 3m; H 1.1m) that is probably also an original feature. Its flue is built of hand-made bricks. Since fireplaces were invariably placed on gable walls of late medieval buildings in Kilkenny the doorway must have entered into a side lane off Irishtown Street. The W side of the fireplace has been altered in the 18th century by the insertion of another fireplace and its flue into the medieval wall. The W wall of the building had been removed when the corner of Irishtown was widened, probably in the 18th century, and the present quoins represent the corner of the new street façade. The E wall of the medieval building is no longer extant above ground level. There is no indication that the medieval building extended into No. 11 Irishtown. Demolition of the 18th-century first floor was undertaken in 1997, leaving the medieval fabric largely preserved in situ. Archaeological test excavations (97E0318) within No. 10 Irishtown brought to light a natural grey alluvial clay at between 2.22m and 2.85m below present ground level (O'Donovan 1997). A soft organic deposit with butchered bone (D 1.5m), interpreted by O'Donovan as occupation make-up, overlay the natural glacial gravel at 1.2m to 1.3m below modern ground level (ibid.). It, in turn, was overlain by a deep, sterile, gravel make-up/levelling deposit (D 0.5m), on top of which the walls of the late medieval building were built (ibid.). See attached photograph: KK019-026072-_01 N façade facing onto Dean Street Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Driceoil Date of upload: 16 November 2020

• KK019-026073 Water mill - vertical-wheeled
  Description

  On the River Breagagh, between Kenny's Well Street and Water Barrack Street, c. 160m NW of Black Abbey Dominican friary (KK019-026021-). A corn mill called the 'Black Mill' is mentioned in the Civil Survey (1654-6) as lying near the Dominican abbey on the River Breagagh (Simington ed. 1942, vol. 6, 549). On Rocque's map (1758) and on the 1st (1839-40) OS 6-inch map, mills at this location were called 'Black Mills', with a large mill pond immediately to the N. It is likely that these buildings incorporated, or were on the location of, a watermill dating back to at least the 17th century, with probably earlier origins as a medieval mill belonging the Black Abbey. Hogan (1883, 9), refers to a mid-13th-century charter granting St Canice's Well (KK019-024----) to the Dominican friars and allowing them to make a conduit to carry the well water to the abbey, though it states that the conduit had to be constructed in such a way, 'so that the water flowing to our mill be not impeded by them'. According to Hogan this mill refers to Black Mill and suggests that, at this time, the mill was under the control of the bishop and not of the Dominican friars (ibid. 9-10). The mill and pond area is currently occupied by the N end of Dominic St and the roundabout between it, Butt's Green, the R695 and Water Barrack. Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 23 September 2020

• KK019-026103 Gateway
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie. See attached photograph: KK019-026103----_01

• KK019-026104 Architectural fragment
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026105 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026106 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026107 Inn
  Description

  On the S side of St. Canice's Place (formerly Bull Alley) This was a three- storey gable-fronted building (dims. c. 17m N-S; c. 6.5m E-W), the apex of which was surmounted by a stone chimney. An illustration by Graves, drawn in 1841, shows a blocked up central opening with a flat-headed three-light window to the E surmounted by a hood-moulding (Prim 1862-3, 152-80). There is a similar hood-moulding to the W of the blocked up opening which suggests there was another three-light window W of the doorway. This window appears to have been broken out and a later doorway inserted with a single light immediately to the W, probably the westernmost light of the original window. Prim also states that there was an original central doorway, later blocked up (ibid., 177). At first-floor level there were two two-light flat-headed windows to the E and W with two plaques between them. One plaque bore the date 1602 with the inscription ‘Insingnia Roberti Jose’, while the other bore the inscription ‘Bulles Inne: Nomen huius faedi dicitur’ which Prim suggests translates as ‘Bull Inn - the name of the house is called' (ibid., 177-8). There are two single-light windows at attic level. All the windows have hood-mouldings. By the end of the 17th century the inn had fallen into a ruinous state (ibid., 180). When Bull Alley was being widened in 1862 the inn was taken down to second-storey level, as it was considered to be in a dangerous condition (ibid.). At present the E wall (H c. 4.5m; L c. 15m) survives up to first-floor level and some of the W wall (H c. 2.5m; L c. 15m) with a small portion of the rear return (T 0.8-0.9m) on both the E and W walls (pers. comm. Gill McLoughlin 4 November 2015). The E wall has a cut-stone, square, chamfered window at ground-floor level. There is an internal rebate (H c. 1.7m) on both the E and W wall (pers. comm. Gill McLoughlin 4 November 2015). Both the NE and SE angle have cut limestone quoins. (Farrelly, O’Reilly and Loughran 1993, vol. 1, 90). See attached illustrations: KK019-026107-_01 Prim 1841 drawing of the NW gable KK019-026107-_02 Prim 1841 drawing of wall plaques on NW gable Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 14 November 2015

• KK019-026118 Stone sculpture (present location)
  Description

  Stored within the CBS school, James’s Street. It had been dug up in the Christian Brother’s monastery garden before 1978, probably in the 1970s (Bradley 1983, 542).  A rectangular limestone block (H 0.72m; Wth 0.21m; T 0.205) with the figure carved in relief on one side. The top of the block has been cut off, including the head of the figure and portion of the upper left side and arm of the figure have been damaged and broken off. The figure is described by Bradley (ibid. 542-4) as being that of a man, ‘wearing a pleated skirt and has a cloak coming under his right arm, across the chest, and falling in folds from the left. It is not clear whether the cloak was clutched in the left hand or merely thrown over the arm because this part of the figure is missing. The right hand holds a banded staff and just below the fingers is an object resembling a buckle but which may be a purse. The feet, his right shoulder and chest are base. Underneath the figure is a small recessed panel ornamented with three rosettes’. The figure was originally set into a wall and Bradley (ibid. 545) suggests that as it is too large to be part of a chest tomb it may have been incorporated into a cloister arcade, perhaps at the nearby Dominican friary, the ‘Black Abbey’ (KK019-026021-). He also suggests, among other options, that the figure may be that of St James of Compostella and could have on display in the wall of St James’ Gate at the W end of James’ Street (ibid.). On stylistic grounds Bradley dates the figure to the mid-15th century, though he does mention that the rosettes at the foot of the figure are not commonly found until the 16th century (ibid. 544-5). See attached photograph: KK019-026118-_01 Urban Survey photograph, December 1992 Compiled by: Jean Farrelly

• KK019-026119 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026120 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  Partial standing remains of the 16th-century Vicar’s Choral at 15-16 Vicar Street, Kilkenny City, the site currently occupied by the Kilkenny Inn Hotel (Farrelly et al. 1993, 100-1). The Vicar’s Choral is situated in the N of the Irishtown of Kilkenny, immediately N of the Chancellor’s Manse House at No. 17 Vicar Street (KK019-026121-). The Vicar’s Choral functioned as a residence, common hall and college and Bishop David Rothe described it in the early 17th century as ‘formerly a high class school of excellent character’ (Carrigan 1905, vol. 3, 176). The Vicar’s Choral was established as a secondary residence for the College of Vicars sometime in the 16th century and subsequent to that as the primary residence when the Common Hall ceased in this function. Its outline can be seen on Rocque’s map of 1758 as a street-facing building with a large garden to the rear. Three 19th-century views of the building depict a large, four-bay, Renaissance-style mansion house with Tudor-style windows and doors. By the time the 1st (1839-40) ed. OS 6-inch map was published several buildings and extensions had been added to the rear/E of the building and these are also marked on the 1872 OS map. Hogan (1884, 356), describes the Vicar’s Choral as a, ‘large house in Vicar Street that has been lately modernised, it having lost its high gables and massive chimney piles'. He also noted that the building contained stone architraves on the doorway, drip mouldings, window mullions, and chimney stacks (ibid.). Egan (1884, 230) writes that the remains of the mansion were 'splendid'. In 1953 the Kilkenny Archaeological Society described the building as still retaining some remains of antiquity (Phelan and Gibb 1955, 4). The walls were described as 'four feet thick [1.2m]' and there were old beams in the dining room and kitchen of numbers 15 and 16 (ibid.). They describe the windows to the rear of the building as being of Tudor type (ibid.). The Vicars Choral was largely demolished in the early 1970s and replaced with a public house and supermarket known as the Red Lion (Lanigan and Tyler 1987, 91). Much of what may have been its N and S gable walls remain intact to the N and S of the Kilkenny Inn Hotel. The Red Lion public house was demolished c. 2003 to make way for the Kilkenny Inn Hotel. Excavations prior to the building of the new hotel in 2004 by Catherine McLoughlin and Emmett Stafford following an initial assessment by John Tierney (Eachtra Archaeological Projects) (03E0707, 03E1901) (Tierney 2003, unpublished; 2006, 275; McLoughlin 2004, unpublished; 2007, 221; Stafford 2007, 221-2). The excavations uncovered the foundations of the middle bays of the house (int. dims. 13m N-S x 6.2m E-W), including an entrance threshold and a window embrasure in its front wall. The Vicar’s Choral was built of mortared stone (av. wall T c. 1.1m), with foundations along the street frontage, a corresponding wall to the W of this, and a wall in the middle bisecting the structure in two, creating two main rooms. The N room (int. dims. 7m N-S x 6.2m E-W) led via a doorway to the S room (int. dims. c. 6m N-S). Internally several stone surfaces were noted, as well as a rectangular stone structure. To the rear/W, several flagstone and cobbled surfaces were noted, as well as a redbrick surface and several walls, all of which were much narrower than the walls of the Vicar’s Choral itself, suggesting later extensions and alterations to the original structure. Although the floor plan of the structure was largely uncovered, the building was not entirely excavated but was preserved in-situ beneath the newly built hotel. To the rear of the Vicar’s Choral, modern buildings, foundations and a cellar had removed any archaeological stratigraphy which may have been at the same level as the structure. However archaeological excavation in the area of the new hotel’s lower ground floor to the E of the frontage revealed a series of medieval pits and stakeholes (KK019-026243-) overlain by layers of possible flood deposits (McLoughlin 2004). A substantial stone built wall with an L-shaped return was also uncovered in this area. Although the function of this structure was unclear it did appear to be of at least early post-medieval date. To the rear of the hotel’s lower ground floor, in the area of a new carpark, layers of medieval and post-medieval silty deposits were preserved beneath the new development. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 13 November 2020

• KK019-026121 House - 16th century
  Description

  The 16th-century Chancellor’s Manse House and garden at 17-20 Vicar Street is situated in the N of the Irishtown of Kilkenny. The Chancellor was a member of the Chapter of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) whose title supposedly derived from the location of his stall or seat in the cathedral from where he made his decisions i.e. the chancel (Hogan 1884, 354). He is also referred to in the papal taxations as holding variously the prebends of Outrath, Inchiholohan and Killamery. Edward Ledwiche refers to the Chancellors House and Orchard as having been, ‘ruined in the wars’, i.e. the 1640s (Ledwich 1781, 486). The rectangular floor plan of the building can be seen on John Rocques map of Kilkenny of 1758. The Chancellors Manse House was located on the E side of Vicar Street between the lands of the Vicar’s Choral (KK019-026120-) and the Prebendary of Tascoffin (KK019-026122-) to its S (Carrigan 1905, vol. 3, 174-75). This would place it in the area of Nos. 17-20 Vicar Street. In the late 19th century the house is described by Hogan (1884, 354) as being, 'a massive pile of rubble', which according to Carrigan (ibid., 175) had been demolished c. 1800 . However, with its surviving Tudor window hood-moulding and partially intact fireplace in its N gable, No. 17 Vicar Street may have formed some of the N side of the manse house, its S side only having been subject to the 19th-century demolitions. A survey undertaken by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil in June 2005 following the partial demolition of the E (rear) wall of 17 Vicar Street, describes/revealed its original Tudor windows. The demolition work also included removal of what appeared to be original timber joists and roof timbers. Albeit modified, the S gable and front (W) walls of No. 17 are of late medieval date. The S elevation contains the partial remains of a mid-16th/early 17th-century in situ limestone fireplace at first-floor level and an original limestone doorway that communicated with the S side of the building (now lost) at first-floor level over a coach entrance. The front wall has a round hood-moulding for a window, or perhaps a modified slip entry (Farrelly et al. 1993, 101). Attached to the Chancellors Manse was an orchard, referred to up to modern times as Chancellors Orchard or Sweeney's Orchard. The 1654 Civil Survey also refers to a plot of land called the Chancellors Orchard and describes it as being one acre in size (Simington 1942, vol. 6, 542). Nicholas Shortall built houses at nos. 19, 20, 21, 22 in c. 1860 (Phelan and Gibbs 1956-7, 3). In 1884 the Catholic Presbytery occupied the former Chancellor's Mill House, which was sited to the rear of nos. 19-20 Vicar Street and accessed via Mill Lane (Hogan 1884, 354; Carrigan 1905, vol. 3, 175). Number 19 was an eating house in the 1950s and was occupied by the Dalton family who worked in the nearby Chancellors Mills at the time (Phelan and Gibbs 1956-7, 3). The N, S and W walls of the former Chancellor's three storey mill house, the rear range of the Chancellor’s Manse house, are still extant, forming a c. 6m x 12m building; its E wall is depicted on the historic maps and was probably demolished for the brewery yard in the late 1980s/early 1990s (Con O'Shea pers comm. 2020). According to O'Shea, who was the occupant of the house prior to its partial demolition, the front on the building was on its E side and it was accessed via Mill Lane to the S. The internal elevations of the surviving walls are obscured by a concrete dash. The external/W elevation of the W wall of the building is also covered in dash but where this has been removed roughly dressed quoins, typical of late medieval/early modern houses in Kilkenny are visible but no diagnostic architectural features can be seen which would provide a definitive date for the building. Phelan and Gibbs (1956-7, 3-4) state that the building is of Georgian date but do not elaborate further on this claim. The foundations of the building were identified in test excavations (20E0279), underlying the foundation the S wall of a 18th/19th-century Tan House which extends to the E of the Chancellor’s mill house (Ó Drisceoil 2020, 49-59). The Tan House wall had partially truncated the quoins that originally formed the NE corner of the former Chancellor's mill house. The level of the top of the foundation was at the same level as the present ground surface (44.45m OD), indicating the original ground level outside the building had been reduced, probably in the 1980s in preparation for its use as part of the Smithwick's Brewery yard. The foundations were abutted by the clay lining for a tanning pit, part of a pre-1700 tanning yard (KK019-026244-) (ibid.). See attached from Ó Drisceoil 2020 report: KK019-026121-_01 Interior elevation front wall No.17 Vicar Street (former Chancellor's manse) KK019-026121-_02 S wall of N range of 17 Vicar Street (former Chancellor's manse) Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 13 November 2020

• KK019-026122 House - medieval
  Description

  The medieval manse house of the Prebendary of Tascoffin of the chapter of St Canice's cathedral (KK019-026029-) at Nos 21-22 Vicar Street, in the SE of Irishtown. Located between the medieval house of the cathedral vicar, the N gable (KK019-026269-) of which remains extant to its SE, and the former manse house of the chancellor of the cathedral at 17-19 Vicar Street (KK019-026121-) to its NW, No 22 Vicar Street was demolished in 2014 to make way for the Kilkenny Central Access Scheme road scheme. No medieval fabric was identified in the standing buildings, apart from the N gable of the adjoining vicar's house (KK019-026269-) (Goodbody 2013, unpublished). John Rocque's 1758 map of Kilkenny depicts a long E-W building extending between the gable of the vicar's house (KK019-026269-) and Mill Lane to the S of the Chancellor's manse (KK019-026121-). Ledwich in 1781 noted that ‘The manse house of the prebendary of Tascoffin meared on the E. with the chancellor’s orchard, on the W. with King-Street, on the N. with the chancellor’s orchard, and on the S. with the vicar’s house’ (Ledwich 1781, 487). John Hogan described the manse house of the prebendary of Tascoffin as ‘formerly very extensive’ and interprets Rocque’s 1758 map as giving ‘the ground plan of the buildings as extending eastwards halfway to the River Nore’ (Hogan 1884, 353). Medieval fabric may be extant within No. 22 Vicar Street and a battered wall recorded (97E0481) by Patrick Neary in archaeological monitoring on the N side of No. 22 Vicar Street, on the S side of Mill Lane, probable represents a part of the manse house (Neary 1998). Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 16 November 2020

• KK019-026123 Ecclesiastical residence
  Description

  The former palace of the Bishop of Ossory, since 2008 the headquarters of the Heritage Council, is situated within its own grounds 45m NE of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) on an elevated site on the N side of the Irishtown of Kilkenny. Prior to construction of this residence in the mid 1300s the Bishop’s Palace was on the site of the later Common Hall, 40m to the E of the Cathedral: Ware records that Bishop St. Ledger (1246-60) gave up his ‘manse and lodging’ to the vicars (Ware 1739-46, 406). It is unclear where the bishop had his residence immediately subsequent to this but it is known that the See held land throughout Ossory and several houses were built such as at Freshford and Durrow (Murphy 2006, 9). There may also have been a house in the vicinity of Irishtown as an inquisition from 1398 lists an ‘Oldcourt’ belonging to the bishop of Ossory here (Carrigan 1905, vol. 3, 173). Unfortunately we do not know the exact location of Oldcourt, though it is referred to as being covered with water which may indicate an area near the Breagagh or the Nore (Murphy 2006, 9). The bishop’s move to the site of the current Bishop’s Palace occurred during the episcopacy of Richard Ledred (1317-c. 1361) who replaced the Oldcourt with the Nova Curai or New Court and famously knocked three suburban churches to provide building materials for his new residence (Carrigan 1905, vol. 1, 281; Murphy 2006, 13). The architecture of Ledred’s palace is poorly understood but it most likely comprised a rectangular (Wth. 5m x L 13m) vaulted hall. This forms most of the S side of the ground floor of the present Georgianised residence. In the early 16th century a square tower house or solar was added to the E of Ledred's hall, probably by Bishop Milo Baron (Murphy 2006, 15). The palace became the headquarters of the Protestant bishops of Ossory following the Reformation, apart from during a short period in the 1640s when the Catholic bishop, David Rothe, was in residence (Carrigan 1905, vol. 3, 173-4). In May 1642 Rothe hosted the Confederate ecclesiastical conference at the palace, a contemporary account of which implies that fine gardens were attached to the residence, ‘as soon as each meal was over, the assembled ecclesiastics walked for an hour in the bishop's garden, after which the discussion on the present crisis was resumed’ (Carrigan 1905, vol. 1, 100). The 1654 Civil Survey describes the heavily dilapidated palace at this time (Simington 1942, vol. 6, 543), 'A house called ye bishops Court Cont At ye north East Corner of wh joynes a small Castle Cont ye lower rooms are onely fit for Cattle. A yard Cont 40 pches and one Garden on ye back sid of ye house 133 pches small measure. A parcel of Ground belonging to ye sd house being severall Gardens and wast Ground Cont 1 acre 34 pches and one orchard 55 pches small measure. On which wast ground stands a house fit for a small family which ye walls are Stone pt and pt wattles and clay and the ruffe Thatch Cont. There is likewise upon ye Ground 4 other small thatch Cabbins wherein lives poor people'. With just seven rooms it was still quite a modest building, particularly in relation to contemporary town houses like that of John Rothe fitzPiers with 26, and it accords well with Bishop John Parry’s 1672-7 description of it as ‘being very small’ (Integrated Conservation Group 2003, 37). The description in the Civil Survey of the extensive grounds around the palace indicates it included a large garden to the rear/N of the house which is recorded as having measured 0.8 acres. This tallies well with the extent of the grounds - 0.9 acres – between the palace and the former Drysdal’s lane that ran to its N and suggests that it is the location of the garden. According to Blighe (1963, 46-7) the palace underwent extensive repairs following its sacking by the Cromwellian forces and in 1661 the Protestant bishop, Griffith Williams, recorded how he had found the, ‘house all ruined, and nothing standing but the bare walls, without roofs, without windows, but with holes, and without doors’ (Integrated Conservation Group 2003, 37). During the five years of his episcopacy between 1672-7 Bishop John Parry invested heavily in the residence, to the tune of 4,000 shillings - forty times its valuation at the time of the Civil Survey (Integrated Conservation Group 2003, 37). A building contract between Parry and a group of carpenters dated 1672 records a range of works to be executed at palace and importantly for this study, demonstrates that the rear (N) garden was an orchard at this time (NLI De Vescy papers MS 38,881/1; reproduced in Murphy 2006, Appendix 3). Further ‘improvements’ to the palace were made by bishops Hartsonge (c.1693) and Vessey (c.1714) and the NE service range excavated by Ian Doyle could be attributed to either of their tenures (Doyle 2006, 12; Integrated Conservation Group 2003, 38). Pratt’s 1708 view of Kilkenny presents the palace with a more Georgian façade and, interestingly, appears to show Ledred’s medieval tower as freestanding. Before he was translated to the See of Waterford in 1740 Bishop Charles Este (1735-40) undertook substantial works to the building. These included the addition of four apartments and a main staircase at a cost of £1956 (Ledwich 1781, 460) and it has been suggested that a set of undated plans of the building (but not of the grounds) may have been executed following the completion of this campaign (RCB library, D11/1/9, quoted in Murphy 2006, 21). Harris’ Ware shows the Palace following Este’s work and also states that the bishop carried out modifications ‘both within side and without’ (Harris 1739, 433). Nothing is known of what he did externally but this presumably included a new garden. A quote from Chetwood’s 1748 tour of Ireland referred to the palace thus, ‘The Bishop’s Palace is new built, inclosed with a high Wall, with two Gates, one of which leads out of the Church-yard, and the other into a back Street. It is a very handsome building, but whitened on the Southside, which, to me, glares a Meanness I do not like; but every one to their own Fancy. The present Person that fills this bishoprick is Docotr C---x [Cox], newly translated there’ (Chetwood and Luckomber 1748, 178). Bishop Michael Cox, writing in 1750, noted that ‘the mansion house of the see of Ossory, situated near the Cathedral church of the said see, has within these last few years past been enlarged and greatly improved by myself and my predecessors’ (RCB library, D11/1/1). John Rocque’s ‘Survey of the city of Kilkenny’, published in 1758, provides the first accurate map of the Bishop’s Palace and although much of the landscaping shown is probably rather schematic, there is no reason to doubt but that there was an ornamental Georgian garden on the site. Rocque surveyed the site shortly after Richard Pococke (1756-65) was elevated to the position of bishop of Ossory in 1756. Shortly following his appointment he described his new abode thus: ‘every one as well as myself thinks I have got the sweetest situation in Ireland, a most exceeding good house, a pleasant garden, wt, we call a noble Cathedral, and good neighbourhood, in a fine country, with a good river running through it’ (Warwickshire County Record Office 125B/798, quoted in Finnegan 2008, 23). Shortly after he arrived as the new bishop of Ossory in 1775 William Newcome (1775-9) wrote a letter to his brother in London, in which he describes the bishop’s residence and its surrounding grounds in some considerable detail, ‘In the front of the house is a court planted with trees large enough for carriages to turn in and adjoining to the rear is a pleasant garden, well walled in and well planted with shrubs and well laid down with gravel walks and lawn, as any one would wish to be master of. In the garden is a summer-house of a very good size with a fireplace, fit for drinking tea or a glass of wine and from this room a covered way leads to the best Cathedral in Irel

• KK019-026124 Water mill - unclassified
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026128 Font
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026129 Font
  Description

  The Archaeological Survey of Ireland (ASI) is in the process of providing information on all monuments on The Historic Environment Viewer (HEV). Currently the information for this record has not been uploaded. To access available information for research purposes please make an appointment in advance with the Archive Unit (open Fridays 10.00 am – 5.00 pm), Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, The Custom House, Dublin 1 D01W6XO or email NMarchive@housing.gov.ie.

• KK019-026152 Armorial plaque (present location)
  Description

  Located at the top of St. Canice's steps, on the W side. One of five plaques inserted into the E gable of what was the Sexton's house in the 17th century (Lanigan and Tyler 1987, 90; Farrelly et al. 1993, 89). The original location of the plaque is unknown. The limestone plaque, within a moulded surround, consists of two slabs, the lower bears a coat of arms and the upper, and highly fossiliferous slab, displays a raised inscription in four rows, in capitals in Lombardic style which has been transcribed and translated by Crotty (2004, 107) as, ‘EDWAR E GRA REX AN LIE FRANCIE ET HIBERNIE VI’, (expanded form: Edward[d] [D] e [i] Gra[cia] Rex An[g]lie, Francie et Hibernie VI), Edward VI, by the Grace of God King of England, France and Ireland. The coat of arms is displayed with a dragon supporter on the dexter side and a greyhound supporter on the sinister side, both regardant (looking backward) (ibid. 110). Crotty (ibid. 107) describes how these were used by Henry VIII but not his son Edward, and thus the inscription, which is on a separate slab, must be a replacement, presumably made soon after Edward’s accession in 1547. The shield, which is surmounted by a crown, shows the fleur-de-lys of France in the first and fourth quarters, with the lions of England in the second and third (ibid.). There is a Tudor rose at each corner of the armorial slab. Beneath the shield there is a portcullis badge, repeated twice, which was originally the badge of the Beauforts (ibid. 111). Crotty (ibid. 111) suggests that the coat of arms was made at the time of the Reformation, after 1534, when Henry VIII decreed that his arms should be displayed in all churches as a sign of the royal supremacy over the Protestant church. The inscription is slightly later, dating to Edward’s reign, 1547-53. See attached photograph: KK019-026152----_01 Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 18 January 2023

• KK019-026168 Burial
  Description

  At the W end of Abbey Street c. 20m S of the Black Abbey (KK019-026021-) and c. 50m W of the town wall. An extended inhumation in an unprotected pit aligned E-W, discovered during bulldozing operations. The articulated skeleton was an adult male with the head to the W. Apart from the extended inhumation, a portion of a skull and long bone were also recovered and a few fragments of an adult female skeleton. (Cahill and Sikora 2011, vol. 2, 345–7) Compiled by: Mary Tunney Date of upload: 6 February 2013

• KK019-026169 Memorial stone (present location)
  Description

  A memorial stone, inscribed with the name of 'Jose de Kettler' and dated '1280' was found in 1894 during rebuilding at No. 33 High Street. It is now in St. Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-). See KK019-026052- for original location. (Farrelly et al. 1993, vol. 1, 43) Compiled by: Mary Tunney Date of upload: 9 January 2012

• KK019-026171 Graveyard
  Description

  James Graves reported the discovery of five articulated human burials after the removal of the pavement at the internal base of the round tower (KK019-026175-) at St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-). All five burials were orientated E-W and two were contained in an oak coffin. The two burials within the coffin were identified as children by Graves and the skull of one of these individuals was retained and examined by a medical doctor, Dr. Crane. This skull seems to have been subsequently lost as it is no longer in the National Museum’s collection. The other three burials were adults; two of which burials were examined by Graves and Dr. Crane; the third burial was located at too great a depth to be examined safely. The crania of the retained burials were analysed by Dr. Crane (Graves and Prim 1857, 114-118). These two skulls were exhibited in the Kilkenny Museum (Kilkenny Moderator 8.6.1892) and are currently in the National Museum of Ireland’s Collections and Resource Centre. Analysis of the two skulls indicated they represent two adult males, one aged between 40-71 years and the other between 22 and 48 years, largely corroborating with the results of Dr. Crane’s analysis in the early 19th century (Ó Drisceoil 2013, 62). The two skulls were radiocarbon dated to AD 880-990 and AD 990-1150 (Ó Drisceoil 2018, 118). Human skeletal burials recorded in excavations (13E0015) by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil 10m SE of the SE corner of the chancel of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) (Ó Drisceoil 2013, 47). The burials were recorded in the sections of a Victorian pipe-trench and it was possible to discern nine interments, represented mainly by gravecuts rather than in-situ burials, in two separate phases. Following recording, all the interments were left in situ. Emergency excavation of a new grave in the SW of the graveyard of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) revealed seven in-situ adult burials aligned E-W with their heads to the W (Ó Drisceoil and Cahill 2013). Five phases of burial were identified, ranging from the 13th-19th centuries (ibid.). One probable medieval skull was heavily affected by tertiary syphilis; another female tibia showed evidence for a sharp-force trauma (ibid.). Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 13 November 2020

• KK019-026175 Round tower
  Description

  Round tower situated 1.5m S of the S wall of the S transept of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-). The tower (H 30.5m; ext. diam. at base 5.08m; int. diam. at base 1.2m, walls; Wth. 1.1m) is divided into eight storeys and entered through a simple round-headed doorway at first-floor level; a hanging iron and hinge for the original timber door were in place until the 1840s (Graves and Prim 1857, 112). The windows, all lintelled, are in ascending order and the top storey, which has lost its cone, has six evenly-spaced windows just below the parapet. The present internal floors and ladders were put in place in 1847, using the original internal off-sets as supports (ibid. 109, fn.b). Following the Anglo-Norman conquest the round tower was apparently used as a look-out tower and crenellations visible in an 1836 illustration may have been constructed for this purpose (Anon 1836; Graves and Prim 1857, 54). In 1705 the chapter set aside moneys for the ‘coping, repairing and beautifying’ of the tower, work which involved the complete repointing of the structure (Graves and Prim 1857, 54). There is a notable difference between the stonework that forms the lower third of the tower and the remainder, with dolomite being the predominant geology used in the former and limestone in the latter. However, comparison of lime mortars from the foundation level and half-way up the tower by Jason Bolton (2013, unpublished) shows such similarities in composition as to dispel suggestions that the tower was rebuilt in the past and instead it would seem to be of one building phase only (apart from the parapet level). Instead, the use of different stone in the lower courses may be related to structural concerns, perhaps as an aid to settlement. The date at which the tower was constructed is not recorded historically but its round-headed doorway, evidence for diagonal tooling and lintelled windows are suggestive of a date no earlier than the 12th century (Manning 2003, 89). Recent radiocarbon dates from skeletons excavated under the foundations dates its construction to after AD 990 (Ó Drisceoil 2018, 118). It could be suggested that it was the formalisation of Kilkenny’s status as cathedral at the 1111 synod of Rathbressail that was the catalyst for the tower’s construction, perhaps by the then king of Ossory Domnall mac Donnchada Mac Gilla Patráic (Gwynn and Hadcock 1970, 84-5). In 1846 and 1847 James Graves investigated both the internal and external base of the tower and reported that it stood on a stone plinth (D. 0.6m) (Graves and Prim 1857, 109-110, 114-120). The plinth rested on ‘a black and yielding mould, from which protruded human bones in an east and west direction’ (ibid. 110). Inside the tower Graves noted a 2.3m deep dump over a mortared floor pavement that was on the same level as the external base course of the tower. These overlying layers contained disarticulated human bones, bird guano, animal bones and dolomite debris, considered as having derived from the tower’s construction. An intermediate layer showed evidence for burning and it was suggested it may have been associated with historically attested attacks on the church in 1085 and 1114 (ibid.). Graves also reported that five articulated human burials (KK019-026171-) were encountered after the removal of the pavement. Excavations (13E0015) around the base of the tower in 2013 uncovered its offset plinth foundation (D 0.32m, off-set by 0.2m-0.25m from the external face of the tower) which had been constructed directly onto the graveyard soil. When compared with a plan of the tower by Graves and Prim its foundations can be seen to have comprised a 1.2m wide circular ring (ibid. 115). The stones were partially damaged in places and there was some subsidence visible at the N, giving it a somewhat ‘buckled’ appearance. See attached photograph by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil of the base of the round tower with plinth foundation, taken from the W. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 13 November 2020

• KK019-026176 Graveyard
  Description

  Graveyard associated with the 13th-century Dominican 'Black' Abbey (KK019-026021-), which excavations indicate was centred in the area to the E and S of the church. The precise extent of the graveyard is unknown and it is not marked on the earliest accurate map of the area, Rocque’s map of 1758. Its SW limit was almost certainly defined by the abbey's substantial precinct wall, a section of which was excavated on the E side of Blackmill Street, to the SW of the church (Reid 1996, 11-12, unpublished). The boundary wall comprised of a truncated sloping N-S running base-batter (H 1.21.; Wth 1m) that probably defined the inner E edge of a substantial fosse (Wth. unknown). The outer W edge of the fosse was outside the excavation area and remains undefined. A further section of the precinct wall (Wth >1.5m) was uncovered 5m to the N of the Reid excavation by Frank Ryan in 2000 (Ryan 2000, unpublished; 2002). The S limit of the cemetery appears to have been defined by a stone boundary wall 50m S of the church, which was partially uncovered alongside human skeletal remains in test-excavations (17E0141), in the sloping garden of Blessed Felix House (Ó Drisceoil 2019, unpublished). Archaeological test-trenching, excavations and monitoring works (96E0047) conducted by Martin Reid for the Kilkenny Main Drainage Scheme between 1996-8 included the excavation of 261 individuals belonging to the graveyard (Reid 1996, unpublished; 1997). In the excavated cutting (L 70m; Wth 2-3m) through the carpark, c. 7m to the S of the abbey church, the nearest articulated remains were 5.5m from the SW precinct wall and the graveyard extended 61m to the E along the line of the pipe-trench. No direct dating of the burials has been undertaken but they are presumably of 13th to mid-16th-century date, although there is evidence for occasional burial up to the end of the 17th century. The majority of burials were orientated in a W-E position, with the head to the W, and there were occasional burials orientated SW-NE, NW-SE, and one juvenile was in a WNW-ESE position. Of the 261 burials identified, 181 (69%) were adults and 80 (31%) were juveniles and adolescents (Buckley 2014, 6). The adults consisted of 99 males (54.7%), 60 females (33.1%) and 22 (12.2%) of indeterminate sex. Over half the population (51.1%) had died before the age of 36 years and if all the middle adult categories are combined, the proportion of adults dying between the ages of 26-45 was 71.3%, nearly three-quarters of the population. The percentage of individuals reaching old age (46+) was very low at only 10.9%. Buckley concludes in relation to the population that, 'They appeared to enjoy a good diet, low in sugar and roughly ground carbohydrates, so possibly high in protein. Nutrition deficiencies were low and barring the occasional accident they seem to have enjoyed a relatively peaceful existence. They also seem to have avoided medical intervention with no obvious treatment given to broken bones. There was evidence that they worked hard and strenuous activity had contributed to vertebral degeneration. There may have been a strong genetic link among the population as anomalies in the vertebral column were common' (Buckley 2014, 55). An additional burial belonging to the S side of the graveyard were excavated in 1976 (KK019-026168-) by Raghnaill O Floinn, in this case a single male inhumation 35m S of the church (Cahill and Sikora 2011, vol. 2, 345–7). In 2000 at the rear of No. 13 Black Mill Street (00E0750), 45m SW of the church, 19 inhumations (11 adults, 2 sub-adults and 6 children) were excavated by Niall Gregory (Gregory 2000, unpublished). Within the area of the W side of the former medieval chancel (demolished in late 18th century), outside the present east window, excavations in 1977 revealed two stone-lined graves of late 16th/early 17th-century date as well as a quantity of disarticulated human bone (Cahill and Sikora 2011, vol. 2, 260-78). The coffins were stratified under a mortar floor which was set at the same level as the footings of the crossing tower, built 1527. Excavations on the W side of Abbey Street in 2000 by Frank Ryan uncovered three partial burials, one of which was interred in a stone-lined grave, inside the foundations of the E wall of the medieval chancel (Ryan 2000, unpublished; 2002). Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 22 March 2022

• KK019-026186 Memorial stone (present location)
  Description

  Incorporated in a relatively recently constructed low wall along the E side of Velvet Lane. In the late 19th century, Robertson (1893, 214) describes how the slab had been, ‘recently taken out of a wall in the stable-yard connected with the house at the foot of the steps leading to the Cathedral of St. Canice, which the tenant has had built into the wall of an out-office recently enlarged’. The Latin inscription in Roman Capitals in false relief reads: R.D. JACOBUS SHEE VICARIORUM COMMUNIS AULAE PROVISOR ANNO DNI 1647. The inscription refers to the ‘Common Hall’, a building which had been part of the cathedral complex (ibid.). See attached photographs: KK019-026186-_01 Front view of plaque KK019-026186-_02 Location of plaque on Velvet Lane KK019-026186-_03 Side view of plaque Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 20 December 2019

• KK019-026187 Memorial stone
  Description

  Incorporated in the S face of the wall surrounding St Canice’s Cathedral (KK019-026029-) and graveyard (KK019-026171-), immediately E of the SE entrance. A rectangular limestone plaque with an inscription in Latin in Roman Capitals. The inscription is in false relief within a sunken cruciform-shaped recess. The inscription reads: R. D. JACOBUS SHEE PROCURATOR TEMPLI 1647. See attached photographs: KK019-027187-_01 Plaque incorporated in wall adjoining entrance to St Canice's Cathedral KK019-027187-_01 Detail of plaque Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 20 December 2019

• KK019-026188 Memorial stone
  Description

  Incorporated in the walling above the arch at the top of St Canice’s Steps. The archway (KK019-026103----) and steps, leading from Velvet Lane to St Canice’s Cathedral, were built in 1614 by Robert Jose (Joyse), a clergyman attached to St Canice’s, with the position of procurator to the Chapter (Prim 1862, 178). A rectangular limestone plaque, with the same inscription on both the N and S faces. On the S side the plaque is recessed within a well-cut border and the inscription, in Latin and in Roman Capitals is in false relief. On the N side the surface is flat with the same inscription in Roman Capitals in raised relief. The inscription has been transcribed by Prim (ibid.) as, ‘Robertus Jose. procurator. hanc. Januam & gradus. sumptubus. Ecclesie. aedificauit. An’o. 1614.’. See attached photographs: KK019-026188-_01 S side of plaque KK019-026188-_02 N side of plaque Compiled by: Jean Farrelly Date of upload: 20 December 2019

• KK019-026208 House - 17th/18th century
  Description

  The foundations of a series of 17th/18th century houses recorded by Patrick Neary during archaeological monitoring (07E1146) at the E end of Green Street, Kilkenny (Neary 2010, 253-4). These foundations correspond to a large L-shaped block shown fronting a plot between the river and a N-S running lane, that is depicted on John Rocque’s 1758 map of Kilkenny. Green Street formerly led directly onto the medieval Green’s Bridge (KK019-026040-), which was replaced by the present bridge (NIAH 12004077) 40m downstream to the SE in 1766, following the 'Great Flood' two years previously (Farrelly et al. 1993, 35). Green’s Gate (KK019-026001-) formerly stood at the eastern end of Green’s Street, fortifying the crossing-point (Farrelly et al. 1993, 6). Green’s Street was connected to the new bridge by a road which turned sharply S at the E end of Green’s Street and the buildings at the S side of the E end of Green Street were probably demolished to make way for the construction of this new road. Further foundations relating to the structures probably remain in situ beyond the limit of the monitored excavation. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 16 November 2020

• KK019-026214 Structure
  Description

  E of the 19th-century coach house (NIAH 12003013) of the former Bishop’s Palace (KK019-026123-) and 18m E of the E gable of the chancel of the medieval cathedral of St. Canice (KK019-026029-). A possible medieval structure represented by a posthole and a pit recorded by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil during archaeological test excavations (09E0457) (Ó Drisceoil 2010, unpublished; 2013, 134). Both features were sealed by a deposit of garden soil that contained a sherd of 13th/14th century Kilkenny-type pottery. This probable medieval garden soil underlay a series of dumps of rubble and soil that represent various attempts between the 13th and 19th centuries to reduce a steep slope to Vicar Street in the E and allow for landscaping of the area. The possible structure remains in situ below the newly constructed extension to the coach house. See attached photograph. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 11 November 2020

• KK019-026227 Souterrain
  Description

  Souterrain chamber discovered in archaeological test-excavations (06E0306) by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil in a former walled garden known as the 'Deanery Orchard', now a park and carpark, 37m SW of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) (Gittins 2004; Ó Drisceoil 2006; 2009). In the early medieval period the 'Deanery Orchard' formed part of the S side of the precinct of the ecclesiastical settlement of Cill Chainnigh; the round tower (KK019-026175-) is the only remaining upstanding building from this period of the site's history but a souterrain, part of the bank and fosse of the ecclesiastical enclosure (KK019-026231-), a 9th-century stone-lined cess-pit (KK019-026230-) and pits (KK019-026232-) containing evidence for bone and antler working in the 10th-12th century, have also been found on the site (Ó Drisceoil 2018, 118). Burials (KK019-026171-) that underlay the round tower have been radiocarbon dated to the 10th, and 11th/mid-12th centuries. The terminal chamber of a clay-mortar bonded stone souterrain cutting into the natural boulder clay and levelled bank of the enclosure associated with the early medieval ecclesiastical settlement of St Canice's, underlay and extended to the S of, the late 17th-century N boundary wall of the Deanery Orchard. The chamber of the souterrain is of rectangular plan (int. dims. 1.65m E-W x > 1.5m N-S) and incorporates a niche in the W wall. The capstones of the souterrain had been removed and the chamber was infilled with waste containing burnt material and fragments of 15th-century line-impressed tiles. The remainder of the souterrain extends under Church Lane and probably into the graveyard (KK019-026171-) of the cathedral. The souterrain and most of its infills remain preserved in situ. See attached photograph. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 5 November 2020

• KK019-026228 Burial
  Description

  Three post-medieval human burials uncovered in two separate archaeological test-excavations by Andrew Gittens (02E0485) and Cóilín Ó Drisceoil (06E0306) in a former walled garden known as the 'Deanery Orchard', now a park and carpark, 40m SE of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) (Gittins 2004, 272-3; Ó Drisceoil 2006, unpublished; 2009, 273-5).The Deanery Orchard site is depicted, almost exactly as it appears today, on John Rocque’s 1758 map of Kilkenny, the only difference being the division of the area into three enclosures by stone fences that were added in the 19th century. Before it was the orchard for the Deanery (KK019-026033-) on the opposite (W) side of Coach Road (built 1690), it formed part of the plot of the manse house (KK019-026106-) for the precentor of the cathedral in the Cathedral Close. A single isolated human burial was discovered in the NE of the Deanery Orchard, 15m outside (to S of) the present boundary wall of St Canice’s graveyard (KK019-026171-) during the test-excavations. This was an extended inhumation of an adult (sex unknown) orientated E-W, with the head to the W. Its grave-cut (1.6m E-W x 0.75m N-S) contained glazed red earthenware pottery of 18th/19th-century date and was dug into a post-medieval cultivation soil. Two further burials, an E-W orientated infant with its head to the W, and an adjacent burial identified by its partially exposed grave-cut, were located in the centre of the main, W, compartment of the Deanery Orchard (Gittins 2004, 272-3). Rather than indicating the graveyard extended into the Deanery Orchard these burials can probably be regarded as an outlying, extra-mural, interments. The burials were all preserved in situ. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 5 November 2020

• KK019-026229 Graveslab
  Description

  Medieval graveslab uncovered in archaeological monitoring (19E0666) by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil in the former walled garden known as the 'Deanery Orchard', now a park and carpark, 40m SE of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) (Ó Drisceoil 2019, unpublished). The Deanery Orchard site is depicted as an open garden area on John Rocque’s 1758 map of Kilkenny, and since then it has been divided into three enclosures by stone fences that were added in the 19th century. Before it was the orchard for the Deanery (KK019-026033-) on the opposite (W) side of Coach Road (built 1690), it formed part of the plot of the manse house (KK019-026106-) for the precentor of the cathedral in the Cathedral Close. In the early medieval period it formed part of the S side of the precinct of the ecclesiastical settlement of Cill Chainnigh. The graveslab had been reused, upside-down, as a step between the NE and SE compartments of the Deanery Orchard. It is a 13th/14th-century coffin-shaped slab (L 1.2m; Wth 0.52m; T 0.4m ) of carboniferous limestone decorated with an incised fleur-de-lis cross and orb and is inscribed in Norman-French and Lombardic lettering on its sinister: +DAVI:FI:WM [probably David FitzWilliam]. The base and one side of the base of the graveslab was removed for the step. The graveslab was moved into the N transept of St Canice's Cathedral. See attached photograph. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 5 November 2020

• KK019-026230 Excavation - miscellaneous
  Description

  Stone-lined cess-pit uncovered in archaeological test-excavations (06E0306) by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil in a former walled garden known as the 'Deanery Orchard', now a park and carpark, 40m SE of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) (Gittins 2004, 272-3; Ó Drisceoil 2006, unpublished; 2009, 273-5). The Deanery Orchard is depicted, as a large open area on John Rocque’s 1758 map of Kilkenny, which in the 19th century was divided into three enclosures by stone fences. Before it was the orchard for the Deanery (KK019-026033-) on the opposite (W) side of Coach Road (built 1690), it formed part of the plot of the manse house (KK019-026106-) for the Precentor of the cathedral chapter in the Cathedral Close. In the early medieval period it occupied the S side of the precinct of the ecclesiastical settlement of Cill Chainnigh. The round tower (KK019-026175-) is the only remaining upstanding building from this period of the site's history but a souterrain (KK019-026227-), part of the bank and fosse of the ecclesiastical enclosure (KK019-026231-) and pits (KK019-026232-) containing 10th-12th century bone and antler working waste have also been found on the Deanery Orchard site (Ó Drisceoil 2018, 118). Human burials that underlay the round tower (KK019-026175-) have been radiocarbon dated to the 10th, and 11th/mid-12th centuries and burials (KK019-026234-) excavated (09E0457) to the E of the 13th-century chancel of the cathedral on Church Lane have been dated by radiocarbon to the mid-7th – mid-10th century AD (ibid.). The cess pit comprised a drystone bowl (Diam. 1.52m; H 0.8m), at the base of which was a layer (T 0.1m) of mineralised cess, underlying dumped clays and gravels, including waste from bone and antler working and a Class 2 watch-winder stick pin (AD c. 975-1100). Analysis of the cess deposit yielded a broad range of archaeobotanical material: avellana (hazelnuts), Prunus spinosa (sloe), Rubus fruticosus (blackberries), species of the Brassicaceae/Chenopodiaceae families (cabbage/goosefoot) and stalks and stems of the Poaceae family (grass) (cultivated/wild oat). Fly puparia were also noted and were identified by Eileen Reilly as Thoracochaeta zosterae (seaweed fly) with one belonging to the Musca species (common house fly). These are typically associated with urine-soaked rotting plant matter and human faeces. The “indicator species” of diagnostic fruits-seeds, fly puparia and the morphology of the pit suggests that it was a cess-pit. A cereal grain from the cess deposit was radiocarbon dated to AD 690-890. The cess pit had been cut into backfill of the fosse of the innermost ecclesiastical enclosure (KK019-026231-) for the church settlement and was sealed beneath a 16th/17th-century-yard surface associated with the Precentor's manse. The feature was preserved in situ. See attached photograph of stone-lined cess-pit. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 5 November 2020

• KK019-026231 Ecclesiastical enclosure
  Description

  Section of the inner ecclesiastical enclosure fosse and bank of the early medieval church settlement of Cill Chainnigh uncovered in test-excavations (06E0306) by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil in a former walled garden known as the 'Deanery Orchard', now a park and carpark, 40m SE of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) (Gittins 2004, 272-3; Ó Drisceoil 2006, unpublished; 2009, 273-5). The Deanery Orchard is depicted as a large open area on John Rocque’s 1758 map of Kilkenny, which in the 19th century was divided into three enclosures by stone walls. Before it was the orchard for the Deanery (KK019-026033-) on the opposite (W) side of Coach Road (built 1690), it formed part of the plot of the manse house (KK019-026106-) for the Precentor of the cathedral chapter in the Cathedral Close. In the early medieval period it occupied the S side of the precinct of the ecclesiastical settlement of Cill Chainnigh; the round tower (KK019-026175-) is the only remaining upstanding building from this period of the site's history but a souterrain (KK019-026227-), a cess-pit (KK019-026230-) and pits (KK019-026232-) containing 10th-12th century bone and antler working waste have also been found on the Deanery Orchard site (Ó Drisceoil 2018, 118). Human burials that underlay the round tower (KK019-026175-) have been radiocarbon dated to the 10th, and 11th/mid-12th centuries and burials (KK019-026234-) to the E of the 13th century chancel of the cathedral on Church Lane have been dated by radiocarbon to the mid-7th – mid-10th century AD (ibid.; Ó Drisceoil and Cahill 2013, unpublished). A section through the flat-bottomed fosse (Wth 6m; D 0.9m) and levelled clay bank of the ecclesiastical enclosure was partially excavated, revealing it to have been dug into the natural gravel. It was backfilled with the levelled bank material, a distinctive orange clay and gravel, from which bone and antler working waste was recovered. Radiocarbon dating (690-890 AD) of a cess pit (KK019-026230-) constructed into the fosse backfills indicates the enclosure was backfilled before the 9th century. The fosse was sealed beneath a 16th/17th-century yard surface associated with the Precentor's manse. The fosse could be traced intermittently for c. 37m within the Deanery Orchard and the curving pattern of Church Lane probably reflects its continuation to the N (Ó Drisceoil 2018, 118). These excavated sections would appear to relate solely to the innermost enclosure (diam. c. 110m; area of 0.95 hectares) of the ecclesiastical settlement. It has been suggested that the modern curving street pattern of Thomas street, upper Dean street, Vicar Street and the former Drysdal's Lane reflect the outer ecclesiastical enclosure (diam. c. 270m x 185m; area of 5.3 hectares) but there is, as yet, no archaeological evidence to support this hypothesis (Bradley 2000, 1). What may be part of a fosse, dated to 990-1150 AD, that subdivided the outer ecclesiastical enclosure was excavated (11E0157) near the Bishop's Palace (KK019-026123-) (Ó Drisceoil 2013). The feature was preserved in situ. Within the grounds of the 14th-century bishop’s palace (KK019-026123-) and 22m N of the N transept of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-). Section of an early medieval U-shaped fosse (L 5m; Wth c. 4m; D 1.28m), orientated NW-SE, was uncovered in excavations (11E0157) by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil (Ó Drisceoil 2011, www.excavations.ie; 2012, www.excavations.ie; 2013, 2018). It is possibly part of the outer enclosing element of the church settlement of Cill Chainnigh. A fragment of animal bone from the backfill of the fosse was dated by radiocarbon to AD 980-1155 and the feature had been dug into by a pit (KK019-026236-) containing waste, dated to AD 990-1155, from a bone and antler working workshop. The fosse is interpreted as a sub-division of the outer ring, the sanctior, of the ecclesiastical settlement of Cill Chainnigh. The feature was preserved in situ. See attached photographs. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 11 November 2020

• KK019-026232 Excavation - miscellaneous
  Description

  Pit containing early medieval bone and antler working waste uncovered in archaeological test-excavations (06E0306) by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil in a former walled garden known as the 'Deanery Orchard', now a park and carpark, 40m SE of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) (Gittins 2004, 272-3; Ó Drisceoil 2006, unpublished; 2009, 273-5). The Deanery Orchard is depicted as a large open area on John Rocque’s 1758 map of Kilkenny, which in the 19th century was divided into three enclosures by stone walls. Before it was the orchard for the Deanery (KK019-026033-) on the opposite (W) side of Coach Road (built 1690), it formed part of the plot of the manse house (KK019-026106-) for the Precentor of the cathedral chapter in the Cathedral Close. In the early medieval period it occupied the S side of the precinct of the ecclesiastical settlement of Cill Chainnigh. The round tower (KK019-026175-) is the only remaining upstanding building from this period of the site's history but a souterrain (KK019-026227-) and a section of the bank and fosse of the ecclesiastical enclosure (KK019-026231-) have been found on the Deanery Orchard site (Ó Drisceoil 2018, 118). Human burials that underlay the round tower (KK019-026175-) have been radiocarbon dated to the 10th, and 11th/mid-12th centuries and burials (KK019-026234-) excavated (09E0457) to the E of the 13th-century chancel of the cathedral on Church Lane were dated by radiocarbon to the mid-7th – mid-10th century AD (Ó Drisceoil 2018, 118). The excavated pit was oval in plan (dims. 1.6m E-W x 0.9m N-S; D 0.7m) and cut into the natural gravel subsoil and the levelled inner bank of the ecclesiastical enclosure (KK019-026231-) within the Deanery Orchard site (Gittins 2004, 272-3; Ó Drisceoil 2006, unpublished; 2009, 273-5). The pit contained bone off-cuts and cut antler tines and a complete set of antlers that was radiocarbon dated to AD 890-1020. It is one of many finds of bone and antler waste from around the Cathedral Close, representing an extensive bone and antler working industry within the early medieval ecclesiastical settlement between the 10th-12th century (Ó Drisceoil 2013, 86). The feature was preserved in situ. See attached photograph. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 5 November 2020

• KK019-026234 Burial
  Description

  Early medieval human burials uncovered in archaeological monitoring (09E0457) of mechanical trench excavations for a gas pipeline on Church Lane, 12m E of the E wall of the chancel of St Canice's Cathedral, within the former extent of the medieval graveyard (KK019-026171-) associated with St Canices’s Cathedral (KK019-026029-). Three in-situ adult (sex unknown) articulated human burials, orientated E-W with their heads to the W, were recorded, and radiocarbon dated to the mid-7th – mid-10th century: Burial 1 AD 730-940; Burial 2 AD 690-890; Burial 3 AD 660-780. An antler tine offcut recovered near to the burials was radiocarbon dated to AD 900-1020. Disarticulated human bone was also recorded. The burials were fully excavated from the service trench but what remained in the trench sections was left in situ. It is clear from the amount of disarticulated human bone found in the excavation and in a separately monitored service trench (04E1535) 25m to the S that further interments are likely to be present along Church Lane (Ó Drisceoil 2004, unpublished). Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 5 November 2020

• KK019-026236 Excavation - miscellaneous
  Description

  Within the grounds of the 14th-century palace for the Bishop of Ossory (KK019-026123-) and 22m N of the N transept of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-). An early medieval pit filled with waste from a bone and antler working workshop, uncovered in excavations (11E0157) (Ó Drisceoil 2011, www.excavations.ie; 2012, www.excavations.ie; 2013, www.excavations.ie, 2018). The subcircular pit (1.3m N-S x 1.6m E-W; D 0.67m) cut the backfilled outer fosse associated with the ecclesiastical enclosure (KK019-026231-) and the natural gravel subsoil. It was filled with off-cuts from bone and antler working, notably fragments of composite bone/antler combs (Dunleavy Class G) and 'pot-boiler' cobbles. A piece of antler from the pit was radiocarbon dated to AD 990-1155. Included in a diverse assemblage of charred archaeobotanical material were two grape-pips. One was radiocarbon dated to AD 1000-1155, in keeping with the other related dates. The other pit was, however, dated to the Iron Age, 365-60 BC. What might be the workshop building that produced the waste material was identified in geophysical surveys of the lawn to the NW of the Bishop's Palace 10m to the N of the pit (Earthsound 2005, 7). Around 75% of the contents of the pit were excavated but the remainder was preserved in situ. See attached photograph. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 11 November 2020

• KK019-026237 Kiln - lime
  Description

  Within the grounds of the 14th-century palace for the Bishop of Ossory (KK019-026123-) and 22m N of the N transept of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-). A limekiln pit uncovered in excavations (11E0157) (Ó Drisceoil 2011, www.excavations.ie; 2012, www.excavations.ie; 2013, 2018). The sub-circular pit (dims. > 1.8 E-W x 1.1m N-S; D 1m) cut the backfilled outer fosse associated with the ecclesiastical enclosure (KK019-026231-) and the natural gravel subsoil. The base of the feature was burnt and covered in a layer of calcined limestone, ash and charcoal, indicating the pit functioned as a rudimentary lime kiln. Rake-out deposits of calcined limestone and ash filled the feature. Highhays Ware pottery in these deposits dates the kiln to the 14th century and it may have been in use for the construction of the nearby Bishop's Palace around 1350. A third of the contents of the pit were excavated but the remainder was preserved in situ. See attached photograph. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 11 November 2020

• KK019-026243 Excavation - miscellaneous
  Description

  A series of medieval pits and stakeholes sealed by possible flood deposits below the Vicar’s Choral building (KK019-026120-) at 15-16 Vicar Street, Kilkenny City. The features were recorded during archaeological excavation by Catherine McLoughlin undertaken prior to the development of the Kilkenny Inn Hotel and following an initial assessment by John Tierney (Eachtra Archaeological Projects) (licenses 03E0707, 03E1901; Tierney 2003, unpublished; 2006, 275; McLoughlin 2004, unpublished; 2007, 221; Stafford 2007, 221-2). Archaeological excavation in the area of the new hotel’s basement revealed a series of medieval pits and stake-holes overlain by layers of possible flood deposits. The features were preserved in situ beneath the surface carpark. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 13 November 2020

• KK019-026245 Riverine revetment
  Description

  Series of revetments for reclamation on the N bank of the River Breagagh, Irishtown, 40m NW of the site of the Irishtown Gate (KK019-026001-) on the town wall, excavated (02E1592) by Ian Doyle (Doyle 2004, 278; 2004, unpublished, 20-22; Doyle 2006, 266-8). A post-and-wattle riverside fence succeeded by a 13th century masonry revetment wall (L 5.23m x Wth. 1.05m x H 0.6m) and timber revetment that included an oak baseplate which was a reused roof-timber dated by dendrochronology to AD 1177-8 (Doyle 2004, unpublished, 24). Revetment ran adjacent to medieval timber houses (KK019-026275-) and (KK019-026278-). Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 16 November 2020

• KK019-026252 Hermitage
  Description

  Anchorite cell located in the angle of the E wall of the Chapter House and the S wall of the chancel of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-). Mortar floor of cell partially excavated (13E0015) by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil (Ó Drisceoil 2013, unpublished). The floor’s location corresponds with the ‘ancient foundations [which] would appear to have formed the nave of the more ancient church’ that was discovered by John Prim in 1845 (Graves and Prim 1857, 32). The outline of these foundations on the N and S sides of the chancel were marked by Graves and Prim on their published plan of the cathedral (ibid. opp. 65). Sometime prior to c.1500 lean-to roofs were placed above the foundations on both sides of the chancel to remodel them into small cubicles that have been equated with anchorite cells that were referred to in the 17th century by Bishop David Rothe (ibid. 66, 69, 70). At the base of the northern cell two flag-lined graves, thought to be those of hermits that occupied the cell, were discovered in 1866 when a scaffold pole was sunk into the floor (Prim 1866, 449-451). The make-up of the floor of the northern cell was not described but its depth ‘nearly 4 feet below the level of the choir’ would correspond well with the level of the mortar floor [007] (ibid. 70). Very little information is available regarding the southern cell apart from the following paragraph by John Prim in the Kilkenny Moderator, ‘On examining the southern side of the choir, the removal of some plaster from the walls has also proved that a similar cell had existed on that side. The entrance was by a round headed door from the south chapel, similar to the original entrance to the cell on the north side; but in this latter case, the door had not been superseded by the forming of a more modern mode of admission, from the choir. The marks of the roof, shedding up against the south wall of the transept, and by the east gable of the south chapel, are indisputably clear...’ (Kilkenny Moderator 22.11.1865). The round-headed doorway is still extant and the excavated mortar surface may have formed the floor of the cell. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 13 November 2020

• KK019-026257 Building
  Description

  Fragment of wall of possible early medieval building uncovered beneath the W wall of the N transept of St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) (Ó Drisceoil 2013, 38). The limestone rubble wall (L > 8.8m x D > 1m) was truncated by the massive foundations for the early 13th-century NW buttress of the N transept and had been reused as a foundation for the W wall of the transept. Wall remains in situ. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 16 November 2020

• KK019-026263 Building
  Description

  An early medieval stone building which was demolished to foundation level to make way for the 13th-century St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) (Bradley 2000, 1). Sections of what were considered its foundations were uncovered during restoration works at the cathedral in 1845 on the W side of the interior of the chancel interior, and outside the chancel on its N and S sides (Graves and Prim 1857, 65 (fig opposite). These ‘ancient foundations [which] would appear to have formed the nave of the more ancient church, its chancel extending eastward, beyond that of the existing structure’ (Graves and Prim 1857, 25-6, 32, 68, 114-20). The foundations identified in 1845 on either side of the chancel exterior had been reused for anchorites' cells in the later medieval period. A collection of thirteen ornamental carved stones, capitals, jambs and voussoirs, said to have come from this building are stored in the N transept of the cathedral church; a capital is built into the S wall of the S transept and another is built into the E external wall of the chancel (Harbison 1974). It has been pointed out that the building's dimensions (c. 20m N-S), as proposed by Graves and Prim, are too wide to be an E-W orientated church and it is more likely to have been on a N-S alignment, and therefore not a church (Ó Drisceoil 2004, 86-7). A possible alternative location for the church is a large NE-SW orientated building (KK019-026265-) which was identified in a geophysical survey (04R026) to the E of the round tower (KK019-026175-) and it has been suggested the structure found in 1845 may be the remains of a historically documented residence of the kings of Ossory at the cathedral in the 11th-12th century (Ó Drisceoil 2004, 86-7). Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 16 November 2020

• KK019-026265 Church
  Description

  Possible early medieval church identified in geophysical surveys (04R026) 10m E of the round tower (KK019-026175-) at St Canice's Cathedral (KK019-026029-) (Ó Drisceoil 2004, 80-106). A large rectangular NE-SW orientated stone building (dims c. 30m E-W x 10m N-S) indicated by the geophysics has been suggested as the possible predecessor of the present 13th-century cathedral church rather than another building (KK019-026263-) whose foundations were uncovered in the 19th century during restoration works at the cathedral (Graves and Prim 1857, 65; Ó Drisceoil 2004, 86-7). Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 16 November 2020

• KK019-026269 House - 16th/17th century
  Description

  Probable location of the medieval house of the vicar of St Canice's cathedral in the SE of Irishtown, located between the manse house of the prebendary of Tascoffin, formerly Nos. 21-2 Vicar Street (KK019-026122-) and the medieval Bull Inn (KK019-026107-) on St Canice's Place. The N gable of the vicar's house is extant on the S side of the Central Access Scheme road which leads up to St Francis's Bridge and was formerly incorporated into the 19th century No. 22 Vicar Street, demolished to make way for the road in 2014 (Goodbody 2013). John Rocque's 1758 map of Kilkenny depicts a long N-S building extending S from the location of the gable, flanking a lane, known as King Street, that led to the River Breagagh to the S, which was no longer in use at the time of Rocque's survey (Bradley 2000, 11). The building is immediately to the E of the remains of the medieval Bull Inn (KK019-026107-), separated from it by a courtyard. Ledwich states ‘The manse house of the prebendary of Tascoffin meared on the E. with the chancellor’s orchard, on the W. with King-Street, on the N. with the chancellor’s orchard, and on the S. with the vicar’s house’ (Ledwich 1781, 487). The gable of the house is largely intact and contains a 16th/early 17th-century rectangular chamfered limestone window on the N elevation and a projecting chimney flue on its S elevation. Archaeological test excavations (17E0642) carried out on the S side of the gable by Jon Stirland uncovered the W wall foundations (Wth. 0.9m) of the building and a probable contemporary, 16th/17th-century cobbled surface corresponding with King Street/the courtyard shown on Rocque's map, running outside/W of the building (Stirland 2019, 7). Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 16 November 2020

• KK019-026270 Kiln - tile
  Description

  Fragments of medieval tile wasters were found in the NW of the graveyard (KK019-026171-) of St Canice's Cathedral and are likely indicators that there was a tile kiln at this location (Anon. 1866, 411-2; Graves 1875, 474-5). Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 16 November 2020

• KK019-026275 House - medieval
  Description

  Medieval house, probably 13th century, succeeding an earlier house (KK019-026278-), excavated (02E1592) by Ian Doyle on the N bank of the River Breagagh, Irishtown, 40m NW of the Irishtown Gate (KK019-026001-) on the town wall (Doyle 2004, 278; 2004, unpublished, 23; Doyle 2005, 266-8). The house (L c. 6.3m x Wth. 3.75m) was represented solely by a series of clay floor surfaces (Doyle 2004, unpublished, 23). Contemporary with a series of riverside reclamation structures (KK019-026245-). Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 16 November 2020

• KK019-026277 Tannery
  Description

  A tanning yard to the rear/E of 17-20 Vicar Street, accessed by the former Mill Lane, in the N of Irishtown uncovered in test-excavations (20E0279) by Cóilín Ó Drisceoil (Ó Drisceoil 2020). The 1654 Cromwellian Civil Survey describes a tan house, then occupied by one John Murphy, to the rear of the Chancellor's Manse (KK019-026121-), 'A Tan house [62 feet [c. 18.9m] x 20 feet [6m] with two rooms] ye Walls stone and ye ruffe slates Cont 24 Tan fatts and a mill to grind bark. A yard Cont[aining] 7 p[er]ches [35m] small measure wherein there is 6 Tan fatts. A house [22 feet x 16 feet with three rooms] ye Walls stone ye ruffes slates. A yard Cont 4 p[er]ches [20m] and one Orchard 12 p[er]ches [60m] small measure' (Simington 1942, vol. 6, 542). The chapter book of St. Canice’s Cathedral also describes the same tannery in 1703, as well as the location of the Chancellors Orchard in detail, 'To the chapter whether the lease indented and made by Rev. Cauldulas chanceller of the cathedral church of St canices Kilkenny unto the Rev James Tovey clerk dated 30th day of september 1702 of all that waste ground & gardens belonging to the said chancellers together with all the chancellers orchard extending in length fom the kings highway leading to Troys gate in the West to the river Neor in the East and in bredth from the vicars land in the posession of Caleb Trovey in the North unto the lands of_______ and the river Neor runningby the citty wall in the South & all of the tan house covered with slate & orchard thereunto belonging, extending in length from the vicars choral garden and orchard in the West unto the river Neor in the East and in bredth lying between the orchard which was formally called the chancellars orchard in the South unto the stone wall near the treasueres orchard in the North for the term of forthy years' (Chapter Book St Canice's Cathedral 25th March 1703; see Carrigan 1905, vol. 3, 175 and fn 1). The tan house and some of the external vats are marked on the 1840 OS Town Plan, the 1850 (annotated as No. 10 on the 1840 Town Plan) Griffith's Valuation and the 1872 Ordnance Survey map. In 1850 Griffith's Valuation the 'Offices and tan yard' is occupied by Richard Sullivan Esq. and the lessor is Joseph Loughnane, who had extensive property interests in the Irishtown and elsewhere in Kilkenny at the time (Bradley 2000, 17). By c. 1865, when the property had been included in the 1865 valuation, it had closed (ibid.). Six individual tanning pits were recorded in two test trenches (20E0279), overlying and probably cut into, a reclamation make-up deposit which produced two sherds of Kilkenny-type pottery of 13th-14th century date (Ó Drisceoil 2020). This deposit probably corresponds with a 1.7m thick alluvial reclamation deposit recorded overlying the natural river-gravels by Brenda O'Meara in a cutting monitored 5m to the SE of the area tested (04E0694 ext; O'Meara 2007, 18). The tops of the pits have been truncated by the reduction of ground levels in the area for the Smithwick's Brewery in the late 1980s/early 1990s. Five of the pit, were lined with thick deposits of compact yellow marl clay. The sixth was timber-lined. The clay lining of the largest exposed pit extended below the foundation of the standing S wall of the long tan house shown on the 1840 Town Plan and abutted the foundation of the north gable wall of Chancellor's mill house, the rear range of the Chancellor’s Manse house (KK019-026121-). The timber-lined tanning pit was filled with a lime mortar deposit, probably derived from the 'lime holes' around Greens Bridge depicted on the 1840 Town Plan. The tanning pits remain in situ (Ó Drisceoil 2020). See attached photograph by Ó Drisceoil of tanning pits in trench 2. Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 13 November 2020

• KK019-026278 House - medieval
  Description

  Late 12th-century post-and-wattle house (L c. 8m x Wth. c. 2.5m) tentatively identified as Wallace Type 1 excavated (02E1592) by Ian Doyle on the N bank of the River Breagagh, Irishtown, 40m NW of the Irishtown Gate (KK019-026001-) on the town wall (Doyle 2004, 278; 2004 unpublished, 20-22; Doyle 2006, 266-8). A post-and-wattle riverside fence (L 8m x H 0.2m) formed the S wall of the house and delimited a series of internal organic clay floor surfaces. The structure was succeeded by a second timber building (KK019-026275-) and series of riverside reclamation structures (KK019-026245-). Compiled by: Cóilín Ó Drisceoil Date of upload: 16 November 2020

Architectural heritage

• House, 1900–1910 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached two-bay two-storey house, built 1905, with two-bay two-storey return to east. Mostly refenestrated. Hipped slate roof with terracotta ridge tiles (crested to main ridge), rendered chimney stack, and cast-iron rainwater goods on moulded rendered eaves. Painted rendered, ruled and lined walls with rendered vermiculated quoins to ends. Camber-headed window openings (in bipartite arrangement to ground floor) with concrete sills, moulded rendered surrounds having vermiculated keystones, and one-over-one timber sash windows having replacement uPVC casement windows to first floor. Camber-headed door opening with moulded rendered surround having vermiculated keystone, and timber panelled door having overlight. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• House, 1840–1860 · Regional interest
  Description

  End-of-terrace three-bay two-storey house, c.1850, possibly with dormer attic with two-bay two-storey return to east. Renovated, c.1950, with some openings to ground floor remodelled possibly to accommodate commercial use. Now entirely in residential use. Pitched slate roofs with clay ridge tiles (decorative terracotta ridge tiles to main block), rendered chimney stacks, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Painted rendered, ruled and lined wall to front (west) elevation with rendered channelled piers to ends having vermiculated panels, and unpainted roughcast walls to remainder. Square-headed window openings (remodelled to ground floor, c.1950) with cut-stone sills, moulded rendered surrounds to front (west) elevation having vermiculated keystones, and one-over-one timber sash windows having replacement timber casement windows, c.1950, to remodelled openings. Square-headed door opening with moulded rendered surround having vermiculated keystone, and replacement glazed timber panelled door, c.1950. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• D. Walsh, house, 1790–1810 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced three-bay three-storey house, c.1800. Renovated, c.1975, with openings to ground floor remodelled to accommodate commercial use. Pitched slate roof with clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, and replacement uPVC rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Unpainted rendered, ruled and lined walls with shared cut-stone panelled date stone/plaque. Square-headed window openings with cut-stone sills, six-over-six (first floor) and three-over-six (top floor) timber sash windows. Square-headed openings to ground floor remodelled, c.1975, forming commercial frontage with fixed-pane timber display windows on stone-clad stall risers, glazed timber panelled doors, and fascia having raised lettering with rendered coping over. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• House, 1840–1860 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced three-bay three-storey house, c.1850, possibly originally with shopfront to ground floor. Renovated, c.1950, with openings to ground floor remodelled to accommodate alternative commercial use. Pitched (shared) slate roof with decorative terracotta ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, and cast-iron rainwater goods on moulded rendered eaves. Painted rendered, ruled and lined walls with rendered channelled piers to ends having vermiculated panels. Square-headed window openings with cut-stone sills, moulded rendered surrounds having keystones, and one-over-one timber sash windows. Square-headed door opening with rendered piers having moulded reveals (possibly originally forming part of shopfront), and timber panelled door having overlight. Square-headed openings to ground floor remodelled, c.1950, with fixed-pane timber windows flanking glazed timber door having fascia over. Interior with timber panelled shutters to window openings. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• House, 1840–1860 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced three-bay three-storey house, c.1850, possibly originally with shopfront to ground floor. Renovated, c.1950, with openings to ground floor remodelled to accommodate alternative commercial use. Pitched (shared) slate roof with decorative terracotta ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, and cast-iron rainwater goods on moulded rendered eaves having dentils. Painted rendered, ruled and lined walls with rendered channelled piers to ends having vermiculated panels. Square-headed window openings with cut-stone sills, moulded rendered surrounds, and one-over-one timber sash windows. Square-headed openings to ground floor remodelled, c.1950, with fixed-pane timber window to left ground floor, and glazed timber panelled double doors to right ground floor having fascia over. Interior with timber panelled shutters to window openings. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• House, 1840–1860 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced three-bay two-storey house, c.1850. Renovated, c.1900, with shopfront inserted to ground floor. Refenestrated, c.1950. Pitched slate roof with clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Painted rendered walls with profiled rendered band to eaves. Square-headed window openings with concealed sills, rendered surrounds, and replacement timber casement windows, c.1950. Timber shopfront, c.1900, to ground floor with pilasters, fixed-pane timber windows, timber panelled door, glazed timber panelled door to house, and fascia over having moulded cornice. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• Bridge, 1565–1570 · National interest
  Description

  Two-arch rubble stone road bridge over river, reconstructed 1568, incorporating fabric of earlier bridge, 1352, on site. Widened, 1759. Random rubble stone walls with squared rubble stone coping to parapets. Pair of round arches with squared rubble stone voussoirs, and squared rubble stone soffits. Sited spanning Breagagh River with rendered retaining walls to river.

• Post box, 1910–1922 · Regional interest
  Description

  Freestanding cast-iron pillar post box, between 1910-22, with raised "GR" royal cipher, moulded necking, and shallow domed capping. Road fronted on concrete footpath.

• Unknown, 1860–1865 · Regional interest
  Description

  Wall-mounted inscribed cut-limestone plaque, dated 1864. Set in unpainted roughcast boundary wall.

• Loreto Convent, convent/nunnery, 1865–1870 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached seven-bay two-storey over raised basement building with dormer attic, built 1868, built as return wing to convent with single-bay two-storey lean-to lower flanking bay with half-dormer attic to east. Now in use as hostel. Pitched slate roof (lean-to to flanking bay) with clay ridge tiles, red brick Running bond chimney stacks, cut-stone coping to gables having cross finials to apexes, and cast-iron rainwater goods on cut-stone eaves having cut-granite corbels. Broken coursed tooled cut-limestone walls with granite ashlar quoins to corners, and cut-granite stringcourse to first floor. Square-headed window openings to basement (some paired) with camber-headed window openings to remainder (oculus window to gable; square-headed window openings to flanking bay with round-headed window opening to half-dormer attic) having cut-granite sills on corbels, cut-granite surrounds (yellow brick block-and-start surrounds to flanking bay), cut-limestone voussoirs (some forming camber relieving arches over), and two-over-two timber sash windows. Interior with timber panelled shutters to window openings. Set back from road in grounds shared with Good Shepherd Centre (Loreto Convent).

• House, 1815–1835 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced three-bay two-storey house, c.1825, on a corner site with chamfered end bay to right, and two-bay two-storey side (north) elevation. One of a group of three. Pitched (shared) slate roofs on an L-shaped plan (forming hip to corner) with clay ridge tiles, red and yellow brick Flemish bond chimney stacks, and iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Unpainted rendered, ruled and lined walls over coursed rubble limestone construction with rendered quoined pier to end, wall-mounted cast-iron street sign, and exposed coursed rubble limestone walls to rear (west) elevation having section of red and yellow brick irregular bond construction following chimney. Square-headed window openings with cut-limestone sills, rendered surrounds, and six-over-six timber sash windows. Square-headed door opening with cut-stone step, rendered surround, and timber panelled door having overlight. Interior with timber panelled shutters to window openings. Road fronted on a corner site with cut-limestone wheelguards to chamfered end bay.

• House, 1815–1835 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced three-bay two-storey house with dormer attic, c.1825. Reroofed with dormer attic added. One of a group of three. Pitched (shared) roof with replacement artificial slate, clay ridge tiles, rendered (shared) chimney stacks, rooflights, and iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Unpainted rendered, ruled and lined walls over coursed rubble limestone construction with rendered channelled piers to ends. Square-headed window openings with cut-limestone sills, rendered surrounds, and six-over-six timber sash windows. Square-headed door opening with rendered surround having keystone, and timber panelled door having overlight. Interior with timber panelled shutters to window openings. Road fronted.

• House, 1815–1835 · Regional interest
  Description

  End-of-terrace three-bay two-storey house with dormer attic, c.1825. Reroofed, c.1975. Refenestrated One of a group of three. Pitched (shared) roof with replacement artificial slate, c.1975, clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, and iron rainwater goods on timber eaves. Unpainted rendered, ruled and lined walls over coursed rubble limestone construction with rendered channelled piers to ends. Square-headed window openings with cut-limestone sills, rendered surrounds, and replacement six-over-six timber sash windows. Square-headed door opening with rendered surround having keystone, and replacement timber panelled door having overlight. Interior with timber panelled shutters to window openings. Road fronted.

• Saint Canice's Cathedral, gates/railings/walls, 1790–1810 · Regional interest
  Description

  Section of random rubble stone boundary wall, c.1800, incorporating camber-headed pedestrian gateway to west in unpainted rendered surround (having chamfered reveals, hood moulding over, iron gate, and rendered coping) retaining pointed-arch pedestrian gateway, c.1700, to east (having carved cut-limestone surround with moulded reveals, ogee hood moulding over having finial, profiled cresting, flanking finials, and wrought iron gate). Road fronted forming boundary to grounds of Saint Canice's Cathedral.

• Loreto Convent, gates/railings/walls, 1790–1810 · Regional interest
  Description

  Gateway, c.1800, comprising paired unpainted rendered piers with iron double gates, unpainted roughcast curved flanking walls incorporating square-headed pedestrian gateway to east (having cut-limestone block-and-start surround with keystone, and tongue-and-groove timber panelled door), and unpainted rendered outer piers leading to unpainted roughcast boundary wall. Extensively renovated, pre-1992. Road fronted at entrance to grounds of Good Shepherd Centre (Loreto Convent).

• Loreto Convent, gate lodge, 1890–1910 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached two-bay single-storey gate lodge with dormer attic, c.1900, with single-bay single-storey lower entrance bay to right. Hipped slate roof (gabled to dormer attic windows; shallow hipped roof to entrance bay) with terracotta ridge tiles, rendered chimney stack, and replacement uPVC rainwater goods on corbels (on rendered eaves to entrance bay). Unpainted roughcast walls. Square-headed window openings (with round-headed openings in bipartite arrangement to ground floor having tripartite arrangement to entrance bay) with cut-limestone sills, and two-over-two timber sash windows. Square-headed door opening with replacement timber panelled door. Set back from road in grounds shared with Good Shepherd Centre (Loreto Convent).

• Bishop's Palace, summerhouse, 1755–1760 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached three-bay single-storey over basement summerhouse, built 1758, on a bow-ended rectangular plan centred on single-bay single-storey pedimented breakfront. Now disused. Bow-ended hipped slate roof on a T-shaped plan on collared timber construction centred on pitched (gabled) slate roof (breakfront), clay ridge tiles, and rainwater goods not visible on overgrown eaves. Rendered, ruled and lined walls on rendered chamfered plinth with drag edged dragged cut-limestone quoins to corners (breakfront) supporting ogee-detailed pediment; rubble stone wall to rear (west) elevation retaining sections of lime rendered or roughcast surface finish. Round-headed central door opening approached by flight of four lichen-spotted cut-limestone steps, drag edged dragged cut-limestone block-and-start surround centred on keystone framing boarded-up glazed timber panelled double doors having overlight. Square-headed flanking window openings with ogee-detailed cut-limestone sills, and drag edged dragged limestone ashlar voussoirs centred on keystones framing boarded-up four-over-four timber sash windows without horns having part exposed sash boxes. Interior in ruins including (basement): cobbled floor; and (ground floor): pair of round-headed niches centred on cut-granite chimneypiece with remains of plasterwork overmantel. Set in grounds shared with Bishop's Palace.

• Bishop's Palace, 1730–1740 · National interest
  Description

  Detached five-bay three-storey bishop's palace, built 1735-6, on a T-shaped plan; three-bay two-storey (north-west) or two-bay three-storey (north-east) blocks centred on single-bay (single-bay deep) three-storey return (north) on a square plan. Occupied, 1901; 1911. Restored, 1962-3. Now disused. Hipped slate roof behind parapet with clay ridge tiles, tuck pointed limestone ashlar chimney stacks on axis with ridge having cut-limestone chamfered capping supporting terracotta or yellow terracotta tapered pots, and concealed rainwater goods retaining cast-iron hoppers and downpipes; hipped slate roofs (north) with terracotta ridge tiles, and cast-iron rainwater goods retaining cast-iron downpipes. Part creeper- or ivy-covered rendered, ruled and lined walls with "Cavetto"-detailed cut-limestone cornice below copper-covered blocking course; rendered, ruled and lined surface finish (remainder). Square-headed off-central door opening with cut-limestone step threshold, and drag edged cut-limestone block-and-start surround centred on keystone framing timber panelled door. Square-headed window openings (ground floor) with dragged cut-limestone rounded sills, and concealed dressings framing six-over-six timber sash windows without horns. Square-headed window openings (first floor) with cut-limestone sills, and concealed dressings framing six-over-six timber sash windows without horns. Square-headed window openings (top floor) with cut-limestone sill course, and concealed dressings framing three-over-six timber sash windows. "Venetian Windows" (north) with cut-limestone sills, and concealed dressings including rendered lintels framing twelve-over-eight (first floor) or eight-over-eight (top floor) timber sash windows without horns having four-over-four (first floor) or four-over-two (top floor) sidelights without horns. Square-headed window openings (north-west) with concrete sills, and concealed dressings framing six-over-six timber sash windows having exposed sash boxes. Square-headed window openings (north-east) with cut-limestone sills, and concealed dressings framing nine-over-nine (first floor) or six-over-six (top floor) timber sash windows having exposed sash boxes. Interior including (ground floor): hall; panelled staircase hall (north) retaining carved timber lugged surrounds to door openings framing timber panelled doors, dentilated cornice to ceiling, staircase on a dog leg plan with fluted balusters supporting carved timber banister terminating in fluted Corinthian colonette newels, Classical-style surrounds to window openings to half-landings framing timber panelled shutters on panelled risers, carved timber lugged surrounds to door openings to landings framing timber panelled doors, and egg-and-dart-detailed cornice to compartmentalised ceiling on triglyph frieze on entablature centred on decorative plasterwork ceiling rose; bow-ended dining parlour (north-west) retaining carved timber surrounds to door openings framing timber panelled doors with carved timber surrounds to window openings framing timber panelled shutters on panelled risers, columnar screen with egg-and-dart-detailed pillars between egg-and-dart-detailed pilasters, and decorative plasterwork cornice to ceiling; (first floor): bow-ended withdrawing room (north-west) retaining carved timber surrounds to door openings framing timber panelled doors with carved timber surrounds to window openings framing timber panelled shutters on panelled risers, and decorative plasterwork cornice to ceiling centred on decorative plasterwork ceiling rose; and carved timber surrounds to door openings to remainder framing timber panelled doors with carved timber surrounds to window openings framing timber panelled shutters on panelled risers. Set in landscaped grounds.

• Outbuilding, 1700–1839 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached three-bay single-storey outbuilding with half-attic, extant 1839, on a rectangular plan. Now disused. Pitched slate roof with clay ridge tiles, and cast-iron rainwater goods on red brick header bond eaves retaining cast-iron downpipes. Part creeper- or ivy-covered coursed rubble stone battered walls with rough hewn rubble stone flush quoins to corners. Square-headed central door opening with lintel framing replacement sheet steel door. Square-headed flanking window openings with concrete block infill. Square-headed window openings (half-attic) with lintels framing timber casement windows. Set in own grounds with rear (west) elevation fronting on to lane.

• House, 1920–1925 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced two-bay two-storey house, built 1921, with canted bay window to left ground floor. One of a group of four. Pitched (shared) slate roof with clay ridge tiles, red brick Running bond (shared) chimney stack having yellow brick Running bond courses, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Painted rendered, ruled and lined walls. Square-headed window openings (including to canted bay window) with concrete sills, and one-over-one timber sash windows. Square-headed door opening with replacement uPVC panelled door having overlight. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• House, 1910–1920 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced two-bay two-storey house, built 1915, with canted bay window to left ground floor. Refenestrated. One of a group of four (originally a group of three). Pitched (shared) slate roof with clay ridge tiles, rendered and red brick Running bond (shared) chimney stacks having yellow brick Running bond courses, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Painted rendered, ruled and lined walls. Square-headed window openings (including to canted bay window) with concrete sills, and replacement uPVC casement windows. Square-headed door opening with glazed timber panelled door having overlight. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• House, 1910–1920 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced two-bay two-storey house, built 1915, with canted bay window to left ground floor. One of a group of four (originally a group of three). Pitched (shared) slate roof with clay ridge tiles, rendered (shared) chimney stacks, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Painted rendered, ruled and lined walls. Square-headed window openings (including to canted bay window) with concrete sills, and one-over-one timber sash windows. Square-headed door opening with replacement uPVC panelled door having overlight. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• House, 1910–1920 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced two-bay two-storey house, built 1915, with canted bay window to left ground floor. Part refenestrated. One of a group of four (originally a group of three). Pitched (shared) slate roof with clay ridge tiles, rendered (shared) and yellow brick Running bond chimney stacks, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Painted rendered, ruled and lined walls. Square-headed window openings (including to canted bay window) with concrete sills, and one-over-one timber sash windows having replacement timber casement windows to first floor. Square-headed door opening with glazed timber panelled door having overlight. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• Gates/railings/walls, 1840–1860 · Regional interest
  Description

  Sections of random rubble stone boundary wall, c.1850, with some square apertures having rubble stone lintels. Road fronted flanking lane.

• Graveyard/cemetery, 1875–2000 · Regional interest
  Description

  Nun's burial ground with group of cast-iron markers, post-1870-present, having one cut-limestone marker, and random rubble stone boundary wall to perimeter of site.

• Loreto Convent, house, 1715–1735 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached seven-bay two-storey over basement house with dormer attic, c.1725, originally detached comprising five-bay two-storey main block with single-bay two-storey bowed flanking end bays. Subsequently in use as school, 1789-pre-1817. Extensively renovated and extended, 1868, comprising two-bay two-storey over basement lower flanking end bays with dormer attic added to accommodate use as convent. Extensively renovated. Now in use as hostel. Hipped slate roof (continuing into half-conical roofs to bowed bays; gablets to dormer attic windows; hipped slate roofs to end bays) with clay ridge tiles having iron cross finials to apexes to bowed bays, rendered chimney stacks, timber bargeboards to dormer attic windows, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Painted rendered, ruled and lined walls. Square-headed window openings with cut-stone sills, and replacement uPVC casement windows. Round-headed door opening with four tooled cut-limestone steps, cut-limestone Gibbsian surround, and glazed timber panelled double doors having overlight. Interior with carved timber panelled architraves to door openings having timber panelled doors (some glazed timber panelled doors), timber panelled shutters to some window openings, and moulded plasterwork cornices to ceilings having central roses. Set back from road in own grounds with sections of iron railings enclosing basement.

• Loreto Convent, church/chapel, 1865–1870 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached five-bay double-height over raised-basement single-cell private Catholic chapel, built 1868. Extensively renovated, 1994, to accommodate use as hostel. Hipped and pitched slate roof with clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stack, and replacement uPVC rainwater goods, 1994, on squared limestone eaves. Broken coursed squared limestone walls part repointed, 1994, with cut-limestone stringcourse to ground floor. Square-headed window openings to basement with cut-stone sills, red brick block-and-start surrounds, and replacement uPVC casement windows, 1994. Pointed-arch window openings to nave with cut-limestone surrounds having chamfered reveals, cut-limestone voussoirs, carved timber mullions forming bipartite trefoil-headed arrangement with quatrefoils to arches, and fixed-pane fittings having some pivot lights. Full-height interior open into roof with tongue-and-groove timber panelled wainscoting, trefoil timber panelled gallery to first floor on cast-iron Corinthian colonettes, and vaulted ceiling having decorative plasterwork ribs resting on decorative corbels. Set back from road in shared grounds.

• Vent pipe, 1890–1910 · Regional interest
  Description

  Freestanding cast-iron vent pipe, c.1900, comprising fluted pedestal having moulded necking, and cylindrical shaft over having moulded bands to parapet. Road fronted on concrete footpath.

• House, 1900–1905 · Regional interest
  Description

  Semi-detached three-bay two-storey house, built 1903. Refenestrated. One of a pair. Pitched (shared) slate roof with clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stack, and replacement uPVC rainwater goods on rendered eaves having consoles. Painted rendered, ruled and lined walls. Square-headed window openings with painted sills, and replacement uPVC casement windows. Square-headed door opening with timber panelled door having overlight. Road fronted.

• House, 1900–1905 · Regional interest
  Description

  Semi-detached three-bay two-storey house, built 1903. One of a pair. Pitched (shared) slate roof with clay ridge tiles, red brick Running bond chimney stacks having stringcourses, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves having consoles. Painted rendered, ruled and lined walls with red brick quoins to corners. Square-headed window openings with painted sills, painted surrounds incorporating 'keystones', and one-over-one timber sash windows. Square-headed door opening with painted surround incorporating 'keystone', and timber panelled door having overlight. Road fronted.

• Bishop's Palace, gates/railings/walls, 1843–1871 · Regional interest
  Description

  Gateway, extant 1871, on a symmetrical plan comprising pair of benchmark-inscribed limestone ashlar piers framing camber- or segmental-headed carriageway with spalled red brick voussoirs. Now disused. Street fronted at entrance to grounds of Bishop's Palace.

• Garage, 1940–1960 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached four-bay two-storey gable-fronted garage, c.1950. Now in alternative commercial use. Pitched (gable-fronted) roof not visible behind parapet with cast-iron rainwater goods. Painted rendered walls with channelling to ground floor having stringcourse over, rectangular recessed panels to first floor, crow-stepped parapet having panel to centre incorporating inscribed lettering, and rendered coping. Square-headed openings with fixed-pane windows to ground floor (one incorporating glazed double doors having overlight), and fixed-pane windows to first floor incorporating casement sections. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• Mulhall's Flour and Corn Store, store/warehouse, 1815–1835 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached seven-bay three-storey mill warehouse with dormer attic, c.1825, with square-headed carriageway to left ground floor. Converted to use as bakery, c.1950. Disused, 2001. Extensively renovated, post-2001, with dormer attic added to accommodate use as apartments. Pitched roof with replacement artificial slate, post-2001, clay ridge tiles, rooflights, post-2001, and replacement uPVC rainwater goods, post-2001, on rendered eaves. Painted rendered walls with fascia to first floor having inscribed lettering, moulded surround, and tie bars to top floor. Square-headed window openings with cut-limestone sills, and replacement timber casement windows, post-2001. Square-headed carriageway to left ground floor with fittings not visible. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• Gates/railings/walls, 1840–1860 · Regional interest
  Description

  Section of random rubble limestone boundary wall, c.1850. Road fronted.

• O'Rourke, farm house, 1865–1885 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached six-bay two-storey farmhouse with dormer attic, c.1875, incorporating fabric of earlier inn, c.1800, with shopfront to centre ground floor. Reroofed. Now entirely in residential use. Pitched roof with replacement artificial slate, clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, slightly sproketed eaves, and iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Painted roughcast walls with rendered quoined piers to ends. Square-headed window openings with rendered sills, and one-over-one timber sash windows. Square-headed door opening with replacement timber panelled door having overlight. Square-headed door opening to left ground floor with timber panelled double doors having overpanel. Timber shopfront to centre ground floor on a symmetrical plan with pilasters, fixed-pane (three-light) timber display windows on panelled risers having wrought iron hanging bars, glazed timber panelled double doors having overlight, and fascia having moulded cornice. Interior with timber panelled reveals/shutters to window openings. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front, and cut-stone wheelguard to corner.

• Cobbles/flags/paving/kerbing, 1890–1910 · Regional interest
  Description

  Section of cut-limestone kerbing, c.1900.

• Brian Stone, store/warehouse, 1815–1835 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced two-bay three-storey gable-fronted mill warehouse, c.1825, with single-bay two-storey flanking bays having elliptical-headed carriageways to ground floor. Renovated, c.1975, with openings to ground floor remodelled. Now disused. Pitched (gable-fronted) slate roof (pitched to flanking bays) with clay ridge tiles, cut-stone coping to gable having red brick octagonal chimney stack to apex incorporating chamfered stringcourses, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Mostly-painted rendered walls. Square-headed window openings with painted cut-limestone sills, and two-over-two timber sash windows. Elliptical-headed carriageways to ground floor (one remodelled, c.1975, to accommodate square-headed carriageway) with iron fittings. Road fronted.

• Black Abbey Catholic Church, priory, 1890–1895 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached five-bay two-storey Dominican priory with dormer attic, built 1894, possibly incorporating fabric of earlier house, 1788, with single-bay single-storey advanced porch to centre ground floor, single-bay two-storey gabled advanced end bay to left, three-bay two-storey side (south) elevation having single-bay two-storey gabled central bay, and two-bay two-storey recessed wing to north. Part refenestrated. Hipped slate roofs (gabled to end bay; gabled to central bay to side (south) elevation) with terracotta ridge tiles having finials to apexes, limestone ashlar chamfered chimney stacks, cut-limestone coping to gables having cross finials to apexes, and cast-iron rainwater goods on cut-limestone eaves. Broken coursed rock-faced cut-limestone walls with limestone ashlar dressings including tooled quoins to corners, trefoil-headed niche to gable to side (south) elevation (with cut-limestone block-and-start surround, moulded corbel supporting carved statuary, and gabled hood over), and Irish battlemented parapet to porch on profiled stringcourse. Paired square-headed window openings to ground floor (in tripartite arrangement to advanced end bay) with paired pointed-arch window openings to first floor (shouldered square-headed window openings to first floor advanced end bay; single openings to wing) having cut-limestone sills, tooled cut-limestone block-and-start surrounds having chamfered reveals, some having rock-faced cut-limestone voussoirs over forming pointed-arch relieving arches, and one-over-one timber sash windows having replacement uPVC casement windows to first floor. Elongated quatrefoil window opening to gable to advanced end bay with cut-limestone surround having chamfered reveal, and fixed-pane timber window. Square-headed door opening to porch with two cut-limestone steps having cast-iron bootscraper, tooled cut-limestone block-and-start surround having chamfered reveals, timber panelled door, sidelights, and overlights (incorporating paired pointed-arch apertures). Road fronted with limestone ashlar boundary wall having chamfered coping supporting decorative iron railings.

• Black Abbey Catholic Church, abbey, 1220–1230 · National interest
  Description

  Detached two-bay double-height Dominican abbey, founded 1225, with two-bay double-height lean-to lower aisle to south. Extended, c.1325, comprising four-bay double-height transept to south having four-bay double-height lean-to lower aisle to west. Renovated, 1505, with single-bay three-stage tower added to west on a square plan. Renovated, 1527, with single-bay three-stage tower added to crossing on a square plan. Repaired, 1543. Subsequently in use as courthouse, post-1543. In ruins, pre-1778. Rededicated, 1778. Repaired, 1816. Extensively renovated, 1859-66/7, with single-bay single-storey gabled projecting porch added to aisle to west. Renovated, 1977-9, with interior remodelled. Pitched slate roofs behind parapets (including to tower to west; lean-to to side aisles; gabled to porch) with clay ridge tiles, cut-stone coping to gable to porch having cross finial to apex, and cast-iron rainwater goods on cut-limestone eaves. Roof to tower to crossing not visible behind parapet. Random rubble stone walls (broken coursed tooled cut-limestone walls to aisle to south and to porch) with squared limestone corner piers to south having cut-limestone chamfered capping, rubble stone Irish battlemented advanced parapets on cut-limestone corbels (forming corbel table), dressed limestone quoins to corners to tower to crossing, Irish battlemented advanced parapet having cut-limestone coping, and battlemented corner 'turrets'. Pointed-arch window openings with cut-limestone surrounds, mullions and tracery (forming bipartite or tripartite trefoil-headed arrangements with decorative overlights to arches), hood mouldings over (some supporting squared limestone voussoirs), and fixed-pane fittings having diamond-leaded glazing or leaded stained glass panels. Pointed-arch window opening (1332?) to south with cut-limestone surround, Y-mullions forming five-part pointed-arch arrangement having trefoils and quatrefoils over to arch, and fixed-pane fittings having leaded stained glass panels, 1892. Trefoil-headed window openings to tower to west with cut-limestone surrounds having chamfered reveals, and fixed-pane fittings. Pointed-arch window opening to tower to crossing with cut-limestone surround having chamfered reveals, hood moulding over supporting squared limestone voussoirs, mullions and tracery forming four-part trefoil-headed arrangement having trefoils and quatrefoils over to arch, and fixed-pane fittings having leaded stained glass panels. Pointed-arch or square-headed slit-style apertures to upper stages with cut-stone surrounds, and fixed-pane fittings. Pointed-arch door opening to tower to west with cut-limestone surround supporting rubble stone voussoirs, and tongue-and-groove timber panelled double doors. Pointed-arch door opening to aisle to south with cut-limestone surround having chamfered reveals, hood moulding over on decorative corbels supporting limestone ashlar voussoirs, and timber panelled double doors. Full-height interior open into roof remodelled, 1977-9, with exposed random rubble stone construction, pointed-arch arcade to aisles on cut-stone columns having moulded capitals, chamfered reveals, rubble stone voussoirs, and exposed timber roof construction on cut-limestone corbels. Set in own grounds with concrete brick cobbled courtyard to west, and landscaped grounds to east having limestone ashlar boundary wall with chamfered coping supporting decorative iron railings.

• Park, 1830–1840 · Regional interest
  Description

  Private park, dated 1835, on a corner site with sections of decorative iron railings on unpainted rendered, ruled and lined wall having cut-limestone date stone/plaque, and decorative wrought iron gate.(ii) Holy well, dated 1835, to south-east approached by flight of stone steps with square-headed opening in segmental-headed recess having unpainted rendered surround, and Celtic Cross-style finial.(iii) Freestanding statue, dated 1932, comprising panelled pedestal on a stepped base with moulded necking supporting capping having carved statue over.

• Blackfriars' Bridge, bridge, 1630–1635 · National interest
  Description

  Three-arch rubble stone road bridge over river, built 1633-4. Random rubble stone walls with inscribed benchmark, and rock-faced cut-limestone coping to parapets. Series of three round arches on random rubble stone piers with rubble stone voussoirs, and squared rubble stone soffits. Sited spanning Breagagh River with squared limestone retaining walls to river supporting grass bank having random rubble stone boundary wall.

• Gates/railings/walls, 1980–1985 · Regional interest
  Description

  Section of random rubble stone boundary wall, built 1984, incorporating salvaged medieval stone work, c.1500, including round-headed door opening with tooled surround supporting limestone ashlar archivolt, and square-headed window opening with tooled surround having limestone ashlar lintel with chamfered reveal. Road fronted.

• Saint Canice's Catholic Church, gates/railings/walls, 1825–1835 · Regional interest
  Description

  Gateway, post-1827, comprising pair of open work iron piers with ogee-headed capping rising into acorn finials (gates now missing), and broken coursed tooled cut-limestone boundary wall to perimeter of site. Road fronted at entrance to grounds of Saint Canice's Catholic Church.

• Saint Canice's Catholic Church, cobbles/flags/paving/kerbing, 1825–1835 · Regional interest
  Description

  Section of stone cobbling, post-1827, with stones set in diamond or geometric panels having cut-limestone flagged wheel tracks. Set back from road in forecourt of Saint Canice's Catholic Cathedral.

• Saint Canice's Catholic Church, church/chapel, 1820–1830 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached eight-bay double-height Gothic-style Catholic church, built 1824-7, with eight-bay double-height aisles to north and to south, and single-bay double-height chancel to west continuing into single-bay single-storey sacristy. Repaired, 1924-6. Renovated, post-1965, with interior remodelled. Pitched slate roof behind parapets (continuing into hipped roofs to aisles; hipped roof to sacristy behind parapet) with clay ridge tiles, cut-stone coping to gables (sproketed to east) having cross finial to apex to east, limestone ashlar bellcote to apex to west (with paired trefoil-headed panelled stage having gabled panelled flanking piers, and round aperture over having moulding continuing into ogee surround with moulded finial to apex), chamfered chimney stack to sacristy having battlemented detailing, and concealed cast-iron rainwater goods. Limestone ashlar walls to front (east) elevation with cut-limestone dressings including full-height engaged octagonal turrets with moulded courses on scalloped tables supporting pointed-arch arcaded stages having moulded cornices, octagonal spirelets behind battlemented parapets, gabled panelled stepped buttresses (clasping to corners) with finials terminating battlemented parapet on moulded course, random rubble limestone walls to remainder having gabled stepped buttresses to nave rising above battlemented parapet on moulded course, and gabled stepped diagonal buttresses to corners to sacristy. Four-centre-headed window openings to front (east) elevation with cut-limestone surrounds having chamfered reveals (deep concave reveals to central opening), hood mouldings over, mullions and tracery (forming four-part trefoil-headed arrangement to central opening having quatrefoils over; bipartite arrangement to aisles), and fixed-pane fittings having lattice glazing. Four-centre-headed window openings to remainder with cut-limestone surrounds having chamfered reveals, hood mouldings over supporting cut-limestone voussoirs, and fixed-pane fittings having leaded stained glass panels. Paired square-headed door openings in four-centre-headed open porch (having concave reveal) with four cut-limestone steps, paired gabled panelled buttressed doorcase, moulded stringcourse supporting battlemented parapet, cut-stone surrounds to door openings having colonettes rising into half-dome as ribs, and timber panelled doors. Four-centre-headed door openings to aisles in square-headed recesses with three cut-limestone steps, carved limestone ogee surrounds having acanthus finials to apexes, and timber panelled double doors. Full-height interior open into roof remodelled, post-1965, with glazed diagonal tongue-and-groove timber panelled double doors having overpanel, timber pews, four-centre-headed arcade to aisles on clustered Corinthian colonettes having moulded archivolts rising into groin vaulted ceiling with decorative plasterwork ribs, timber panelled confessionals to aisles having fluted colonettes supporting frieze, and decorative moulded cornice. Set back from road in own grounds.

• The Presbytery, house, 1930–1935 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached three-bay two-storey house with dormer attic, built 1933, on an L-shaped plan with single-bay single-storey advanced porch to centre ground floor, and single-bay two-storey projecting end bay to right. Hipped slate roof on an L-shaped plan (hipped roof to porch) with clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, rooflight, slightly sproketed eaves, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Unpainted pebbledashed walls with rendered channelled piers to corners, and unpainted rendered walls to porch. Square-headed window openings (in tripartite arrangement to ground floor) with cut-stone sills, rendered surrounds to tripartite openings, and one-over-one timber sash windows. Round-headed window opening to porch with concrete sill, and timber casement windows having overlight. Round-headed door opening with concrete step, and timber panelled door having fanlight. Set back from road in own grounds on a slightly elevated site with unpainted rendered boundary wall having cut-stone coping supporting sections of iron railings having finials.

• House, 1890–1900 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached two-bay two-storey house, built 1895, on a corner site with single-bay two-storey side (south) elevation having shopfront to ground floor. Now entirely in residential use. Pitched slate roof with clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Painted rendered, ruled and lined walls. Square-headed window openings with cut-stone sills, and two-over-two timber sash windows. Rendered shopfront to ground floor side (south) elevation with panelled pilasters, two-over-two timber sash windows, replacement timber panelled door having sidelight on panelled riser, fascia having decorative consoles, and moulded cornice. Road fronted on a corner site with concrete footpath to front.

• Handball alley, 1945–1955 · Regional interest
  Description

  Pair of mass-concrete handball alleys, c.1950. Unpainted mass-concrete walls with square-headed door openings having no fittings, and rendered rounded coping having iron posts supporting iron mesh panels. Set back from line of road.

• The Deanery, rectory/glebe/vicarage/curate's house, 1725–1730 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached five-bay two-storey over part raised basement deanery, built 1729, on an L-shaped plan with single-bay (single-bay deep) full-height central return abutting single-bay (five-bay deep) full-height return (north-east). Renovated and reoriented, 1755; 1784, producing present composition. Occupied, 1901; 1911. Pitched and hipped double-pile (M-profile) slate roof centred on hipped slate roof abutting pitched slate roof (north-east), clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks having stepped capping supporting yellow terracotta octagonal pots, and replacement uPVC rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Rendered, ruled and lined walls; replacement rendered surface finish (south). Square-headed window openings with drag edged dragged cut-limestone sills, and concealed dressings framing six-over-six (ground floor) or three-over-three (first floor) timber sash windows without horns. Square-headed door opening (north) approached by flight of seven cut-limestone steps, drag edged cut-limestone block-and-start surround centred on triple keystone framing timber panelled double doors. Square-headed window openings (north-east) with drag edged dragged cut-limestone sills, and concealed dressings framing six-over-six (ground floor) or three-over-six (first floor) timber sash windows without horns. Set in landscaped grounds.

• The Deanery, outbuilding, 1725–1839 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached five-bay single-storey coach house-cum-stable outbuilding with half-attic, extant 1839, on an L-shaped plan. Now disused. Hipped slate roof on an L-shaped plan with clay ridge tiles, and replacement uPVC rainwater goods on red brick header bond stepped eaves. Repointed coursed rubble limestone walls with hammered limestone flush quoins to corners. Square-headed central carriageway with timber beam lintel framing timber boarded double doors. Square-headed central opening in camber-headed recess (half-attic) with cut-limestone sill, and red brick header bond voussoirs framing timber boarded fitting. Square-headed window openings in camber-headed recesses with red brick header bond voussoirs framing three-over-three timber sash windows without horns having part exposed sash boxes. Set in shared grounds.

• Saint Canice's Cathedral, cathedral, 1200–1290 · National interest
  Description

  Detached eight-bay single- and two-storey Church of Ireland cathedral, begun 1203, on a cruciform plan comprising five-bay double-height nave with five-bay single-storey lean-to aisles to north and to south having single-bay single-storey gabled projecting open porch to south, single-bay (two-bay deep) double-height transepts to north and to south, and two-bay double-height chancel to east having single-bay double-height lower flanking chapels. Completed, pre-1285, with single-bay double-height lady chapel added to transept to south. Renovated, 1354, with single-bay single-stage squat tower to crossing reconstructed on a square plan. In ruins, c.1650-pre-1756. Restored, pre-1776. Restored, 1844-77. Pitched slate roofs behind parapets (lean-to to aisles having gable to porch to south; pyramidal roof to tower) with clay ridge tiles, cut-limestone coping to gables having cross finials to apexes, and cast-iron rainwater goods. Random rubble stone walls with squared rubble stone dressings including full-height engaged octagonal corner turrets to west on buttress piers having polygonal conical roofs with finials to apexes, advanced corner piers to remainder having cut-stone chamfered coping, and Irish battlemented advanced parapets on corbels. Paired pointed-arch window openings to aisles with quatrefoils over having cut-limestone surrounds with chamfered reveals, hood mouldings over, and fixed-pane fittings having leaded stained glass panels. Quatrefoil window openings to nave forming clere-storey with cut-limestone surrounds having moulded reveals, and fixed-pane fittings having leaded stained glass panels. Pointed-arch window openings to remainder (in tripartite arrangement to east and to west having octafoils over to gables; paired to transepts) with cut-limestone surrounds having chamfered reveals, hood mouldings over, and fixed-pane fittings having leaded stained glass panels. Pointed-arch window openings to lady chapel (in tripartite arrangement to south; in bipartite arrangement to east having quatrefoils over) with cut-limestone sill course, cut-limestone surrounds having chamfered reveals, hood mouldings over, squared limestone voussoirs to south forming pointed-arch relieving arches, and fixed-pane fittings having leaded stained glass panels. Lancet window openings to tower with cut-stone surrounds having chamfered reveals, and fixed-pane fittings having lattice glazing. Paired cinquefoil-headed door openings to west in pointed-arch recess with cut-limestone surround having rebated reveals with engaged Corinthian colonettes supporting moulded archivolt having hood moulding over, moulded surrounds to door openings having shared colonette mullion, tongue-and-groove timber panelled double doors, and decorative overpanel incorporating quatrefoil in carved limestone surround. Pointed-arch opening to open porch with moulded cut-limestone reveals supporting archivolt having hood moulding over. Pointed-arch door opening into cathedral with carved limestone doorcase having moulded reveals, moulded archivolt, and timber panelled double doors having wrought iron hinges. Pointed-arch door opening to aisle to north with cut-limestone surround having Corinthian colonettes supporting archivolt, chamfered reveals, hood moulding over, and timber panelled double doors. Pointed-arch door opening to transept to north with carved sandstone doorcase having moulded archivolt, hood moulding supporting squared limestone voussoirs, moulded reveals, diagonal tongue-and-groove timber panelled double doors having wrought iron hinges, and overpanel with quatrefoil. Full-height interior open into roof with clay tiling to floors having decorative cast-iron grilles, pointed-arch arcades to aisles on columns having colonettes supporting moulded reveals featuring archivolts, exposed timber roof construction on cut-stone corbels, pointed arches to crossing on clustered colonettes having groin vaulted ceiling with cut-limestone ribs, and decorative Gothic-style timber panelled choir fittings to chancel. Set back from road in own grounds on an elevated site.

• Saint Canice's Cathedral, graveyard/cemetery, 1700–2000 · Regional interest
  Description

  Graveyard with various cut-stone markers, post-1700-present, retaining some medieval markers, post-1200.

• Saint Canice's Cathedral, library/archive, 1690–1695 · National interest
  Description

  Attached six-bay two-storey library, built 1693, possibly incorporating fabric of earlier grammar school, 1539. Renovated, 1950. Refenestrated, 1987. Reroofed, 1995. Now in use as offices. Pitched roof with replacement salvaged slate, 1995, clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stack, and iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Unpainted replacement rendered, ruled and lined walls, 1950, over random rubble stone construction. Square-headed window openings with cut-limestone sills, and replacement timber casement windows, 1987. Pair of square-headed door openings with cut-limestone thresholds, timber panelled doors having overlights, and cantilevered timber canopy over on timber brackets having trefoil apertures. Set back from road in partitioned shared grounds with random rubble limestone boundary wall to forecourt having chamfered coping supporting iron railings, square-headed gateway with dressed rubble limestone piers having tooled dressed rubble limestone dressings, lintel, and no fittings on cut-limestone threshold.

• Saint Canice's Cathedral, almshouse, 1665–1675 · National interest
  Description

  Attached three-bay single-storey almshouse with half-dormer attic, pre-1672, incorporating fabric of earlier manse, c.1275. Extensively renovated, c.1925, with half-dormer attic remodelled to accommodate residential use. Now in use as offices. Pitched slate roof (gabled to half-dormer attic windows) with clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Ivy-clad unpainted rendered, ruled and lined walls. Square-headed window openings (some remodelled, c.1925) with cut-limestone sills, and replacement two-over-two timber sash windows, c.1925, having some timber casement windows throughout. Ogee-headed door opening with carved cut-limestone surround having moulded reveals, and tongue-and-groove timber panelled door. Set back from road in partitioned shared grounds with random rubble limestone boundary wall to forecourt having chamfered coping.

• House, 1880–1885 · Regional interest
  Description

  Semi-detached single-bay single-storey over basement house with dormer attic, reconstructed 1882, incorporating fabric of medieval procurator's or sexton's house, c.1525. Extensively renovated, pre-1992. One of a pair. Pitched (shared) roof (gabled to dormer attic windows) with replacement slate, pre-1992, clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, timber bargeboards to dormer attic windows, and replacement uPVC rainwater goods, pre-1992, on timber eaves. Unpainted replacement cement rendered walls, pre-1992. Square-headed window openings with cut-stone sills, and two-over-two timber sash windows having replacement timber casement windows, pre-1992, to dormer attic. Square-headed door opening with three cut-limestone steps, and timber panelled door having overlight. Road fronted.

• House, 1880–1885 · Regional interest
  Description

  Semi-detached single-bay single-storey over basement house with dormer attic, reconstructed 1882, incorporating fabric of medieval procurator's or sexton's house, c.1525. Extensively renovated, pre-1992. One of a pair. Pitched (shared) roof (gabled to dormer attic windows) with replacement slate, pre-1992, clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, timber bargeboards to dormer attic windows, and replacement uPVC rainwater goods, pre-1992, on timber eaves. Unpainted replacement cement rendered walls, pre-1992, with salvaged cut-limestone fragments, c.1525, to side (east) elevation including surround having moulded reveals continuing into rope twist reveals, figurative panels (some having surrounds with chamfered reveals), and inscribed plaque having moulded surround. Square-headed window openings with cut-stone sills, and two-over-two timber sash windows having replacement timber casement windows, pre-1992, to dormer attic. Square-headed door opening with three cut-limestone steps, and timber panelled door having overlight. Road fronted.

• Steps, 1610–1615 · National interest
  Description

  Flight of twenty-six cut-limestone steps, laid 1614, in groups of four (south) and twenty-two (north) with limestone ashlar parapet having cut-limestone coping supporting iron spike guards.

• Blessed Felix House, monastery, 1895–1900 · Regional interest
  Description

  Detached six-bay two-storey monastery, dated 1896, on a U-shaped plan possibly incorporating fabric of earlier house, pre-1871, comprising three-bay two-storey recessed range having two-bay two-storey double gable-fronted projecting block to left with pair of two-storey canted bay windows, and single-bay (two-bay deep) two-storey gabled projecting end bay to right having two-storey canted bay window). Hipped slate roof (continuing into double gabled (M-profile) roof to projecting bay to left; continuing into gabled roof to projecting bay to right) with clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, decorative timber bargeboards to gables having finials, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Unpainted rendered, ruled and lined walls with cut-stone date stone. Square-headed window openings (including to canted bay windows having moulded stringcourses; some paired to side (west) elevation) with cut-limestone sills, and one-over-one timber sash windows. Paired round-headed window openings to first floor projecting end bay to left on rendered sill course with one-over-one timber sash windows having margins. Square-headed door opening in tripartite arrangement with timber panelled door having sidelights, and overlight. Elliptical-headed door opening to side (east) elevation with replacement timber panelled door having sidepanels, and fanlight. Square-headed door openings to rear (south) elevation with timber panelled doors having overlights. Set back from road in own grounds on an elevated site with landscaped grounds to site.

• Post box, 1881–1901 · Regional interest
  Description

  Wall-mounted cast-iron post box, between 1881-1901, with raised "VR" royal cipher. Set into painted rendered wall.

• House, 1840–1860 · Regional interest
  Description

  Attached three-bay two-storey house with dormer attic, c.1850. Extensively renovated, c.1925, with shopfront inserted to right ground floor. Renovated and part refenestrated, c.1950. Pitched roof with replacement artificial slate, c.1925, clay ridge tiles, rendered chimney stacks, and cast-iron rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Painted rendered walls with rendered channelled piers to ends. Square-headed window openings with cut-stone sills, moulded rendered surrounds, and replacement one-over-one timber sash windows, c.1925, to front (west) elevation having replacement timber casement windows, c.1950, to remainder. Shopfront, c.1925, to right ground floor with panelled pilasters, fixed-pane (two-light) timber display window on panelled stall riser, and timber panelled doors having replacement panelled fascia, c.1950, over. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

• Saint Canice's Cathedral, gates/railings/walls, 1840–1860 · Regional interest
  Description

  Gateway, c.1850, probably incorporating fabric of earlier gate screen, pre-1700, comprising pair of limestone ashlar chamfered piers with stringcourses, cut-limestone shallow pyramidal capping, iron double gates having finial, broken coursed rock-faced cut-limestone flanking wall having cut-limestone chamfered coping supporting iron railings, limestone ashlar chamfered outer pier with stringcourse, and cut-limestone shallow pyramidal capping. Road fronted at entrance to grounds of Saint Canice's Cathedral with random rubble limestone boundary wall to perimeter of site incorporating square-headed pedestrian gateway to west (with tooled cut-limestone block-and-start surround having decorative overpanel incorporating portrait, and iron gate), and ogee-headed pedestrian gateway to east (in limestone ashlar frontispiece with cut-limestone surround having moulded reveals, hood moulding over rising into finial, iron gate on cut-limestone threshold, and carved cut-limestone coping to frontispiece).

• Gates/railings/walls, 1790–1810 · Regional interest
  Description

  Section of random rubble stone boundary wall, c.1800, on an L-shaped plan possibly originally incorporating square-headed carriageway. Road fronted.

• House, 1875–1885 · Regional interest
  Description

  Terraced three-bay two-storey house, built 1880. Extensively renovated. Pitched roof with replacement slate, clay ridge tiles, and rainwater goods on rendered eaves. Unpainted replacement rendered walls. Square-headed window openings with painted cut-stone sills, and two-over-two timber sash windows. Square-headed door opening with cut-limestone step, and glazed timber panelled door. Road fronted with concrete footpath to front.

Designated sites: National Parks and Wildlife Service. Recorded monuments: Sites and Monuments Record, National Monuments Service. Buildings: National Inventory of Architectural Heritage. Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, CC BY 4.0. Works at or in relation to a recorded monument need two months' written notice to the National Monuments Service (National Monuments (Amendment) Act 1994, section 12).

Radon

About 1 in 10 homes in this area is likely to have high radon levels. Testing a home

Landslides

Susceptibility low, low (inferred), on the 1:50,000 map; parts are made ground.

Terrain model

LiDAR of the Office of Public Works, flown in 2011, at 2 m: tile OPW_2183 (ZIP).

Flooding

The flood maps of the Office of Public Works: floodinfo.ie.

Radon Risk Map of Ireland, Environmental Protection Agency; Landslide Susceptibility Classification, Geological Survey Ireland; both CC BY 4.0. LiDAR: contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey Ireland & the Office of Public Works) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence.

No address of the register names Gardens with five sales or more. The sales of the area are on the page of Co. Kilkenny.

Name

Gardens · Gairdíní na mButaí

Area

327,472 m² (32.75 ha, 80.92 acres)

Civil parish

St. Canice, and its townlands

Barony

Crannagh

Electoral division

Kilkenny No. 1 Urban, the unit of the census

Census 2022

Kilkenny No. 1 Urban electoral division: 5,650 people in 2,291 households; 46% of households own their home; 24% of homes were built since 2001; 11% of dwellings stood vacant on census night, and 1% were holiday homes.

Neighbouring townlands

Ayresfields, Bishop's Demesne, Bishopsmeadows, Crokershill, Friarsinch, Gardens, Gardens, Jamesgreen, Jamespark, Kilcreen, Lyons, Robertshill

Placenames

Gardens on logainm.ie, the Placenames Database of Ireland

Townlands, civil parishes, baronies and electoral divisions, National Statutory Boundaries, Tailte Éireann, CC BY 4.0. Census 2022, Small Area Population Statistics by electoral division, Central Statistics Office, CC BY 4.0. A townland is the smallest land division of Ireland, and the unit of a rural address; old registers such as the 1901 and 1911 censuses file it under its civil parish and barony.